DANISH OF IVY-LEAVED SCURVY-GRASS. (Welsh: Môrlwyau Daniaidd. E.) Thlaspi hederaceum. Ger. Em. 271. Park. 848. Sea shores. Isle of Walney, Lancashire, and near Llandrick church, Anglesey. Ray. Wells, Norfolk. Mr. Crowe. (Castle walls, Shrewsbury. Mr. Arthur Aikin. About St. Anne's Light-house and other places on the east of Pembrokeshire. Abundant on the rocks about the Mumbles Light House, and in similar situations on the Glamorganshire coast. Mr. Dillwyn. Blackpool, Lancashire. Rev. W. Wood. Willington Quay, Durham. Mr. Winch. Pur beck Cliffs. Pulteney. Cramond and Burntisland in the Firth of Forth. Maughan. Grev. Edin. E.) A. May-June. C. ANGLICA. (Root-leaves heart-egg-shaped, entire: those on the stem spear-shaped, toothed: fruit elliptical, strongly reticulated with veins. E.)

(E. Bot. 552. E.)-Fl. Dan. 329-Blackw. 218-Dod. 594. 2-Lob. Obs. 157. 1, and Ic. i. 294. 1-Ger. Em. 401. 2-Park. 285. 1—H. Ox. iii. 20. row 3. 2-Ger. 324. 2.

Root-leaves generally entire; stem-leaves indented, but sometimes all entire, or all indented. Pouches roundish, fleshy, much larger than those of C. officinalis, and terminated by a longer style about two-thirds of a line in length. Woodw. (This species likewise varies in the size and shape of its parts, but is always smooth and rather fleshy, scarcely half the size of C. officinalis. Pouches all over strongly marked with a net work of prominent veins, scarcely at all to be perceived in those of the more common kind. E. Bot. E.)

SPOONWORT. ENGLISH SCURVY-GRASS. (Welsh: Môrlwyau Brutanaidd.
E.) Sea shores, in muddy soil. Kent and Essex salt marshes, where
the water overflows them every tide. Miller. At Yarmouth. Mr.
Crowe, and on the coast abundantly. Mr. Woodward. Isle of Wight;
Dr. Stokes. River banks near the Hot Wells, Bristol. Rev. G. Swayne.
(On the shores of Tyne, at the mouth of Coble Dean, near North Shields.
Winch Guide. In Anglesey. Welsh Bot. E.)
A. May.

C. ARMORA'CIA. (Root-leaves on long stalks, spear-shaped, scolloped : stem-leaves sessile, cut or entire: root long and fleshy. E.)

(E. Bot. 2323. E.)-Woodv. 150-Blackw. 415-Fuchs. 660-J. B. ii. 852 -Lonic. i. 160. 1-Trag. 734-Dod. 678. 1-Lob. Obs. 173, and Ic. i. 320. 1-Ger. Em. 241. 1-Park. 860-Pet. 49. 11-Ger. 187. 1—Matth. 442-H. Ox. iii. 7, row 3. 2.

(Root very long, cylindrical, acrid. Stem two feet high, upright, leafy. Root-leaves very large, oblong, crenate, sometimes winged, veined; stemleaves spear-shaped, either cut or very entire. Blossom white, numerous. Pouch elliptical, with a very short style, and large stigma. Seldom perfects seeds. Fl. Brit. Radical leaves sometimes two feet long, coarse, irregularly pinnatifid and jagged, as Pet. 49. 12. or broad, nearly entire, except a finely indented edge. E.)

(This species is supposed to possess, though perhaps in an inferior degree, the same medicinal virtues as C. officinalis. They are considered to promote the fluid secretions; and to open glandular obstructions. They are much employed in the scorbutic disorders prevalent in northern countries. Some authors have conjectured this, (or our other officinal species), to be the real Herba Britannica of Pliny, from the use of which the army of Cæsar derived great benefit in their sufferings from scurvy whilst in Germany. Olaus Magnus also confirms its efficacy. E.)

HORSE-RADISH. (Welsh: Rhuddygl mawrth. E.) Sides of ditches; banks of rivers. About Alnwick, Northumberland; banks of Skiptonbeck, and elsewhere in Bolland, in Craven. Ray. (In a ditch between Carreglwyd and Llanrhwydrus, Anglesey. Welsh Bot. On the river Arrow, near Oversley bridge. Purton. In great plenty above Hutton Bay, parish of Orphir, Orkney. Month. Mag. v. 28. p. 462. Duddingston Loch. Mr. Arnott. Grev. Edin. E.) P. May.* (CORO'NOPUS.+ Pouch nearly entire, kidney-shaped, compressed, wrinkled cells without valves, single-seeded. E.)

:

C. RUEL'LII. (Pouch entire, crested with little sharp points: style extended: corymb with few flowers. E.)

Fl. Dan. 202-(E. Bot. 1660. E.)-Blackw. 120-Ger. 340. 2-Dod. 110 -Lob. Obs. 240. 1, and Ic. i. 438. 1—Ger. Em. 427. 2-Pet. 50. 6—H. Or. iii. 19. 9-Tourn. 102—J. B. ii. 919. 2-Matth. 851-Park. 502. 5Park. 502. 2.

Stem and root-leaves prostrate, longer than the branches; leafits cut along the fore edge, very entire along the back edge, the terminal one strapshaped, very entire. Pouch kidney-heart-shaped, depressed on the sides, with furrows and sharp ridges running towards the edge, where they run out into sharpish points; one of the cells not unfrequently empty, in which case the fertile seed expands, filling up almost the whole of the seed-vessel. St. Bunches from the bosom of the leaves. Blossom white, small. (Whole plant nauseously acrid and fetid. Sm. E.)

(De Candolle has been followed by some few British Botanists in constituting a new genus after M. Senebier, for this plant, but as changes merely nominal tend only to produce confusion, especially the adoption of proper names in no degree characteristic, we venture to retain the former designation. E.)

SWINE'S CRESS. (Welsh: Olbrain defadenawg; Berwr y moch. E.) C. Ruelli. Gært. Br. Fl. Brit. Hook. Grev. Cochlearia Coronopus. Linn.

The root scraped (which has a quick pungent smell, and a penetrating, acrid taste, E.) is in common use at our tables as a condiment for fish, roast beef, &c. and it is used for many other culinary purposes. (It is thought to create appetite and assist digestion. An infusion, made into a syrup, is an approved remedy for hoarseness. An Essence of Horse-radish is sold in the shops for the cure of tooth-ach, and is often successful. The roots when dried lose much of their acrimony, becoming almost insipid, but they may be preserved, retaining their qualities, in sand and in a cool place, a considerable time. E.) An infusion of it in cold milk, makes one of the safest and best cosmetics. In paralytic and dropsical cases it is an useful stimulant and diuretic. A strong infusion excites vomiting. A distilled water is prepared from it. Horses, cows, goats, sheep, and swine refuse it. Papilio Brassica feeds upon the several species. (A spoonful of Horse-radish put into a pan of milk will preserve the milk sweet several days, either in the open air or a cellar, while other milk will turn sour.-Mr. Salisbury, (on the authority of Dr. Taylor, Secretary to the Society of Arts), gives the salutary caution, that "this very grateful and wholesome root is not at all times to be eaten with impunity." When taken alone, on an empty stomach, as immediately before dinner, its effects have proved highly deleterious, and in one instance speedily fatal. Instructions for the cultivation of Horse-radish, by Mr. D. Judd, may be found in Tr. Hort. Soc. E.)

+ (Obviously derived from xopovn, a crow; and was, a foot; illustrative of the shape of its leaves; though the name of Crowfoot be more appropriately attached to Ranunculus. E.)

Lightf. With. Ed. 4. Willd. Oed. &c. Senebiera Coronopus. De Cand.
Corn-fields; rubbish; road sides.
Á. June-Aug.

C. DIDYMA. (Pouch notched, didymous, wrinkled: style scarcely perceptible: corymb with many flowers. E.)

E. Bot. 248.

Stem a foot high. Leaves winged; leafits sessile, alternate, spear-shaped, toothed on the fore edge. Bunches from the bosom of the leaves, as long as the leaves. Capsules roundish, double, somewhat wrinkled. intermediate plant between the Cochlearia and Lepidia. Linn. Stamens two, or four. * Flowers white, minute.

An

PROCUMBENT DITTANDER. (C. didyma. Br. Fl. Brit. E.) Lepidium Anglicum. Huds. (L. didymum. Linn. With. Ed. 4. E. Bot. Dicks. Senebiera didyma. Willd. Sm. S. pinnatifida. De Cand. E.) On rubbish about Exeter, Truro, and Penryn. Hudson. (At Dale, near Milford Haven. Mr. Adams. On the Ballast Hills of Tyne and Wear. Winch Guide. On a bank in a field near the village of Great Baddow, Essex. Mr. W. Christy; who favoured us with specimens gathered there on Christmas day, 1827. E.) A. June-July.

I'BERIS.* Bloss. the two outer petals larger: Pouch one seed in each cell.

I. AMA'RA. Herbaceous: leaves spear-shaped, acute, somewhat toothed: flowers in spike-like bunches.

E. Bot. 52-Kniph. 9-Riv. Tetr. 109, Thlaspid. fol. Nasturtii-J. B. ii. 925. 1-Ger. 205. 6—Ger. Em. 263. 5, right hand.

Leaves strap-spear-shaped, generally with one or two teeth on each side. Flowers white. (Whole plant smooth, bitter. Stems spreading, branched, leafy. Leaves rather fleshy. Pouch sharply notched at the end. E) BITTER CANDY-TUFT. (Welsh: Beryn Chwerw. In chalky fields; rare. E.) Corn-fields about Henley and other places in Oxfordshire. Hudson. Common about Wallingford, Berks. Smith. Road side between Cheadle and Oakmoor; on a common. Rev. J. Horatio Dickenson. (Above the beach between the Mount and Lleiniog, Anglesey. Welsh Bot. A. June—July.† (TEESDA'LIA. Pouch inversely heart-shaped, notched: two seeds in each cell: each with a scale near its base. E.) (T. NUDICAULIS. Stem naked, simple: petals unequal. E.)

Dicks. H. S.-Curt.-(E. Bot. 327. E.)-Dod. 103. 2-Lob. Ic. i. 221. 2Ger. Em. 276. 2—Park. 866. 3—J. B. ii. 937. 1—Pet. 50. 2—Fl. Dan. 323-Ger. 194. 3—Ger. Em. 251, 4—Park. 828. 7— Magn. Bot. 187—H. Ox. iii. 19. 5.

Stems numerous, with usually one sessile leaf below the middle. Rootleaves spreading on the ground in a circle, smooth, wing-cleft, terminal,

(Supposed from IBERIA, the ancient name of Spain, where it abounds. E.) +(By some thought worthy of a place in the flower garden. The seeds are said to be acrid, bitter, and violently purgative. The general qualities of the plant antiscorbutic. E.) (In honour of Mr. Robert TEESDALE, gardener at Castle Howard.-Ob. 1804. E.)

lobe large. Pouches somewhat convex on one side, flat on the other, bordered with a projecting margin, and marked with a perpendicular line, which is the edge of the partition. Woodw. From two to four inches high. Leaf-stalks as long as the leaves. Flowers small, white, in a terminal spike-like bunch.

NAKED-STALKED TEESDALIA. SHEPHERD'S CRESS. (Welsh: Beryn coesnoeth. E.) Gravelly places and barren heaths. Near Hampton Court, Richmond, and Barnes Common. Ray. Putney Heath. Miller. Old stone pits by the side of Pensham Field, Worcestershire. Nash. About Norwich, frequent. Mr. Pitchford. Bungay. Mr. Woodward. Between Corby Castle and Carlisle. Dr. Stokes. Harmer Hill, near Salop. Mr. Aikin. (About Llansadwrn and Pentraeth, Anglesey. Welsh Bot. Between Dorking and Brockham. Mr. Winch. Near the coal pits on Bovey Heathfield, Devon. Rev. J. Pike Jones. Coleshill heath, Warwickshire. Purton. Sand rock near Milverton, Warwickshire. Perry. At the Ness, between Shrewsbury and Oswestry. Mr. W. Clayfield. Sandy fields near Tollcross, Glasgow. Hopkirk. E.) A. May-July.

SILIQUOSA.

DENTAʼRIA.* (Pod lanceolate, opening elastically: valves rolling back: Summit notched: Seeds on flat, dilated stalks. E.)

D. BULBIFERA. Lower-leaves winged, upper ones undivided.

E. Bot. 309-Fl. Dan. 361-Clus. ii. 121. 1-Lob. Ic. i. 687. 2—Ger. Em. 984. 1-Park. 620. 1-Ger. 833. 1.

(Root creeping, toothed, fleshy, white. Stem upright, a foot and a half high, undivided, leafy, naked at the bottom. Corymbus terminal, solitary. Blossoms large, pale purple. E.) Black scaly bulbs produced from the bosom of the leaves, (as in Lilium bulbiferum), by which falling on the ground and there vegetating, a succession is secured; the seeds rarely attaining perfection.

BULBIFEROUS CORAL-WORT or (TOOTH-WORT. Cardamine bulbifera. Br. Hook. E.) Woods and shady places, Highreede and Foxhole woods, near Mayfield, Sussex. Parkinson. Old Park Wood, near Harefield. Blackstone. Woods between Beconsfield and Wickham. Hudson. (On high rocks at Tunbridge Wells. Rev. Bale. Near Dupplin. Mr. Shillinglaw. Hook. Scot. E.) P. April-May.

CARDAM'INE.+ (Pod linear, two-edged, opening elastically: valves rolling back: Summit a knob, entire: Seeds on capillary stalks. E.)

(From dens, dentis, a tooth; because its root is denticulated; and hence the ancients would probably have inferred its antiodontalgic efficacy, though vainly. E.) † (A diminutive of xapiauas, the Greek name for Water-cress; probably compounded of xapdia, the heart; and paw, to afflict: from its pungent acrimony. E.)

(1) Leaves undivided.

C. BELLIDIFO'LIA. Leaves egg-shaped, entire, (about one-third the length of the leaf-stalks. E.)

Fl. Dan. 20—Jacq. Misc. i. 17. 2—(E. Bot. 2355. E.)—Fl. Lapp. 9. 2. (Stem two or three inches high, upright, undivided, smooth, with few leaves, and those nearly sessile. Corymbus terminal, of few flowers. Petals erect, twice the length of the purplish calyx, white. Pod strapshaped, blunt, smooth, scarcely an inch long. E.)

DAISY-LEAVED LADIES'-SMOCK. Mr. Griffith informs me that the Turritis hirsuta now grows in the places near Denbigh where the Cardamine was said to grow. (Such is the case with all the stations of this plant reported by the old authors. It would seem the attention of Botanists should rather be directed northward. E.) The specimens before me were gathered wild in Scotland, and sent me by Mr. Milne. (Of these being genuine there can be no doubt. E.) P. Aug.

(2) Leaves winged.

C. IMPATIENS. Leaves winged: leafits spear-shaped, toothed or cut: stipulæ fringed. E. Bot.

E. Bot. 80-(Fl. Dan. 1339. E.)—J. B. ii. 886. 1—Barr. 155—Ger. Em. 260. 7-Park. 1241. 4-H. Ox. iii. 4. 1—Pet. 47. 7-Barr. 155. Leafits of the upper leaves nearly entire, of the middle ones toothed, of the lower ones considerably cut and jagged. Stipula crescent-shaped, half embracing the stem. Petals small, white, deciduous; sometimes wanting. (The stem is not unfrequently branched, usually a foot and a half high, rather crooked. Pods peculiarly sensitive to the stimulus of heat; on warm sunny days, they may be observed audibly exploding, and with a contractile force, which, after expelling the seeds, causes the detached valve to form a compact volute. E.)

IMPATIENT LADIES'-SMOCK. Mountainous meadows by the sides of rivulets, on rocks and moist stony places, in Derbyshire, and Westmoreland. Giggleswick Scar; rocks opposite Matlock Bath, Derbyshire. Mr. Woodward. On loose earth thrown up for a quarry above Lench Ford, nearly opposite Shrawley, and in Cliffy Wood near Hanley, Worcestershire. Dr. Stokes. Plentiful in a hedge near the parsonage at Slinfold, Sussex. Mr. Borrer, in Bot. Guide. Barrow hill, near Dudley. Bree, in Purt. Rocks by the river Clyde, above the Falls. Hopkirk. E.) A. May-June.

C. HIRSUTA. Leaves winged, leafits opposite, without stipulæ. (E. Bot. 492. E.)-Cam. Epit. 270-Scop. 38, at ii. p. 21—Barr. 455— J. B. ii. 888.

(Neither the hairiness, the absence of the two shorter stamens, or other characteristics of this species, are invariable. In height from three inches to nearly a foot. E.) Stems generally numerous, (branched, the central one upright, the rest declining, hairy. Root-leaves very numerous, forming a circle on the ground; leafits roundish, three or four pair, with an odd one much larger; stem-leaves, two or three on each stem, roundish or spear-shaped. Woodw. (Flowers white, small. Pods erect, not invariably hirsute; stigma almost sessile. E.)