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ON RIGHT FROM LOND.

From

Newcas

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Leeds, Selby, and Hull

Kippax Park, T. D. Bland,

Railway.

Esq.

To Leeds, 94 miles.

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Lotherton Hall.

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871

ABERFORD,

182

To Tadcaster, 44 miles. Haslewood Hall, Sir Edwd. Vavasour, Bart. This seat has belonged to the ancestors of the present proprietor since The time of William the Conqueror, with the exception of a short period during the reign of Henry ILL, when it was pledged to a Jew for £350. It is famous for the extent and richness of its prospects. The chapel con- 83 tains a number of monuments in memory of different individuals of the family.

Wetherby Grange.

The country surround- 791
ing Wetherby is pleas-
ingly diversified.

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a small town, with the ruins of an ancient castle, said to have been built soon after the Conquest. stands on a limestone rock of The town inconsiderable elevation, and consists chiefly of one long straggling street. Pop. 1071.

Bramham.

23 miles farther, to Tadcaster, 4 miles.

cr. river Wharfe.

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BOROUGH BRIDGE carries on an extensive trade in hardware. In the marketplace is a handsome fluted Doric column. It was at Boroughbridge that Edward II. defeated the Earl of Lancaster.

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To Leeds, 10 miles. Near Aberford, Parlington Ho, late R. O. Gascoigne, Esq. A little farther, Becca Hall, W. Markham, Esq.; and near it Potterton Lodge.

Bramham Biggin, Lord Headley; Bramham Ho. and Lodge; Bramham Park (G. L. Fox, Esq.) erected in the early part of last century by Lord Bingley.

About 6 miles distant is Harewood House, the splendid seat of the Earl of Harewood.

To Harrowgate, 7 m.; Knaresborough by Spofforth, 8 m.

A little below Wetherby is St. Helen's ford, where the Roman military way crossed the Wharfe.

1 mile from Wetherby, Linton Spring,

Stockeld Park, P. Middleton, Esq.

Ribston Hall, (Sir F. L. H. Goodricke, Bart.) in the gardens of which the famous apple was first cultivated. Here may be seen a monument to the standard bearer of the ninth Roman legion, which was discovered at 202 York in the 17th century. To Knaresborough, 4m.

About half a mile dist. are three immense stones called the Arrows, generally supposed to have been erected by the Ro

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Heaton House and
Benton House.

Butcher Race. Sunderland Bridge. cr, river Wear.

DURHAM (p. 389.)
cr. river Wear.

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2551

8 CHESTER-LE-STREET. 2611

764

(See p. 391.)
Pelton.
Birtley.

Ayton Bank.
GATESHEAD.

Pop. 1851, 25,568. See p. 394.
cr. river Tyne and

enter Northumberland.

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2641

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NEWCASTLE-UPON

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TYNE (p. 391.)

2 m. dist. Whitworth Pa..
R. D. Shafto, Esq., and near
it, Brancepeth Castle, Hon.
G. J. J. Hamilton Russell.

Burn Hall.
Oswald House.

2 m. distant Ravensworth Castle, Lord Ravensworth. 1 m. distant Red Heugh, and

5 m. distant Axwell Pa.,
Sir T. Clavering, Bart.

Elswick Hall, J. H.
Hinde, Esq.

AMWELL, on a branch of the river Lea, is said to have derived its name from Emma's Well, a spring near the church. In a small island formed by the stream is a monument to the memory of Sir Hugh Myddleton, who achieved the task of conveying the New River water to London. Izaak Walton lived at Amwell.

WARE, a market-town on the Lea, with a considerable trade in malt and corn. The church of St Mary contains many curious monuments, and in the churchyard is the tomb of Dr Mead, who died (1652) aged (it is alleged) 148 years. At the Saracen's Head Inn may be seen the great bed of Ware, 12 feet square, which is incorrectly said to have been the state bed of Edward IV. Pop. 1851, 4882.

HUNTINGDON is situated on the north bank of the Ouse. It stands on the Ermin Street; and there was a Roman station, the Durolipons of Antoninus, on the site, either of the town, or its suburb, Godmanchester. In the year 917, Edward the Elder built a castle here, of the outworks of which, traces yet remain. In the civil war the royal troops entered Huntingdon after a short resistance, and plundered it. Before the Reformation, Huntingdon contained fifteen churches, of which but two remain. It contains also several chapels and meeting-houses, a townball, and assembly-rooms, a county gaol, a small theatre, and a race course, a free grammar school, and many other schools of various kinds. Godmanchester also contains numerous schools. The trade of the town is principally in wool, corn, and malt, and it has several breweries and manufactories. Oliver Cromwell was a native of Huntingdon. 1 m. distant is Hinchinbroke House (Earl of Sandwich) formerly the property of the Cromwell family. The great room in which Queen Elizabeth and James I. were entertained is still preserved. The mansion occupies the site of a Benedictine nunnery. Beyond it is Brampton Park, the seat of the Duke of Manchester. Huntingdon is connected by railwaya with all parts of the kingdom. Two M.P. Pop. 1851, 6219.

STAMFORD is a town of great antiquity, and had fourteen parish churches, only five of which now remain. That of St Martin contains several monuments of the Cecil family. The great Lord Burghley was interred here. Stamford contains also several chapels, a town-hall, assembly rooms, a theatre, free grammar, bluecoat, and national schools, several charitable institutions, &c. Its principal trade is in malt, coal, and freestone. Two M.P. Pop. 1851, 8933.

Close by Stamford is Burghley House, (Marquis of Exeter,) a magnificent mansion, erected by Lord Treasurer Burghley, on the site of a very ancient fabric, and situated in a noble park. It contains a hall supported by 12 columns of Scagliola marble, a grand staircase, painted by Stothard, two libraries, containing many curious MSS., a very valuable collection of pictures, a splendid state bed, &c. The approach from Stamford is through an avenue of oaks of remarkable size.

GRANTHAM is situated on the Roman Ermine Street and Witham. St Walfan's church is a spacious structure, and has a spire 273 feet high. It contains a curious font and several monuments. Grantham formerly possessed several religious houses, some remains of which still exist. In the free grammar school here, Sir Isaac Newton received part of his education. Two M.P. Pop. 1851, 10,873. Three miles distant is Belton House (Earl Brownlow), designed by Wren and adorned by Gibbons, contains many family portraits and other paintings. Beyond Belton is Syston Park, Sir J. C. Thorold, Bart. Five miles distant is Belvoir Castle, the magnificent mansion of the Duke of Rutland, occupying the summit of a hill. Belvoir was destroyed by fire in 1816, but it has since bee rebuilt on a magnificent scale. It contains one of the best collections of pictures in the kingdom. The castle was originally founded by Robert de Todeni. It commands a prospect of remarkable extent and beauty. To Folkingham, 13 miles; to Donington, 19 miles. To Melton Mowbray, 16 miles; to Bingham, 14 miles. NEWARK is situated on a branch of the Trent. Here are the ruins of a castle in which King John died, A D. 1216. The church of St Mary Magdalene is one of the largest and most elegant in the kingdom. It was in great part rebuilt in the time of Henry VI. The interior has some good wood screen-work and stained glass, with various brasses and other ancient monuments. It has lately undergone repairs, and will well repay a visit. Here are also a new church, a handsome town-hall, a free grammar school, several meeting-houses, and charitable institutions. The principal trade of Newark is in corn, malt, and cattle. Lightfoot and Bishop Warburton were natives of Newark. Two M.P. Pop. 1851, 11,330. It is connected by railway with all parts of the kingdom, and gives the title of viscount to Earl Manvers. In the civil wars, Newark zealously supported the King, and was incorporated by Charles II. on account of its loyalty to his father. Near Newark is the Beacon Hill, which was the scene of an action between the Royalists under Prince Rupert, and the Parliamentary forces under Sir J. Meldrum. Between Newark and Southwell, 8 m. distant, is the field where Charles I. surrendered himself to the Scotch commissioners.

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EAST RETFORD, on the Idle, carries on a considerable trade, particularly in hops, and has manufactories of paper, sailcloth, &c. It has two churches, besides chapels, a free grammar scnool, and an hospital. East Retford, with the Hundred of Basset Law, returns two M.P. Pop. of Parl. borough, 1851, 46,054.

DONCASTER, on the Don, is one of the cleanest and most beautiful towns in the kingdom. It was the Danum of Antoninus, and was called Dona Ceastre by the Saxons, from which its present name is derived. The town stands on the Wat ling Street of the Romans, and coins, urns, and other Roman remains, are occa1sionally dug up in the neighbourhood. Doncaster has a few iron foundries, and possesses one of the largest corn markets in the kingdom. The public buildings most worthy of notice are the mansion-house, a handsome structure, which cost about £10,000;-St. George's Church, a spacious and elegant structure, with a fine tower, and painted east window; Christ Church, the town hall, gaol, theatre, race-stand, &c. Here are also several chapels and meeting houses, numerous educational establishments, and public charities. The famous races at Doncaster are held in the third week of September. Potteric Car, on the south of the town, was a morass of many miles in extent till the year 1766. It is now completely drained, and yields luxuriant crops. Pop. 1851, 12,052.

DARLINGTON is situated on the Skerne, over which is a bridge of three arches. St. Cuthbert's church, built by the celebrated Hugh de Pudsey, is of the 12th century, and cruciform, with a lofty spire; and the town has places of worship for Methodists, and other Protestant Dissenters, and for Roman Catholics. Darlington carries on a considerable trade. The chief occupations of the inhabitants are combing wool, spinning flax, grinding optical glasses, and founding iron. Pop. 1851, 11,228. Darlington is remarkable for the extent of its. Quaker population. It gives title of Earl to the Duke of Cleveland.

DURHAM, a city of great antiquity, stands on a remarkable eminence nearly surrounded by the river Wear. There does not appear to have been any town where Durham now stands till about the end of the tenth century, when the monks of Lindisfarne rested there with the remains of St Cuthbert. Soon after a church was built by Bishop Aldune, and dedicated to St Cuthbert, whose remains were removed and enshrined in it. Durham suffered severely from the cruelties of William the Conqueror, who repeatedly laid waste the surrounding country with fire and sword. In 1072, a strong castle was built here; and the bishop assumed the title of Count Palatine. In 1093, the old church built by Aldune was pulled down, and the present magnificent edifice begun by William de Carilepho the bishop, and Turgot the prior. Durham has figured conspicuously in all the great transactions that have agitated the north. It suffered often from the invasions of the Scots; and was frequently the head quarters of Edward III. and of other monarchs and commanders on their excursions against Scotland. Durham was deeply indebted to Bishop Hugh Pudsey (Earl of Northumberland) who was appointed to the bishopric in 1153. To him it owes

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