Imatges de pàgina
PDF
EPUB
[ocr errors]

Hedw. Stirp. iii. 2—(E. Bot. 1348-Musc. Brił. xix. E.)—Dill. 47. 32—H. Ox. xv. 5, row 2. 7-Hall. Hist. 46. 4, at iii. p. 56.

Leaves a little toothed at the sides, but this most conspicuous in the dried plant. Capsule upright. Mouth fringed with sixteen teeth, hair-like, separate quite down to the base. Hedw. Shoots rigid, from three to twelve inches long; prostrate. Branches numerous, short, thicher than the main stem. Leaves slender, pale green, ending in a long grey hair. Fruit-stalks terminal, or nearly so; short, yellow. Capsules small, eggshaped. Lid red, sharp-pointed. Dill. Lid regularly conical, but very taper, and about one-third the length of the capsule.

(TOOTHED HOARY THREAD-MOss. E.) B. Hypnoides a. Linn. 2. Huds. Trichostomum lanuginosum. Hedw. (Sw. Turn. Sm. Hook. E.) On Snowdon and Glyder; Mendip Hills; Hills in Yorkshire. Dillenius. (On the top of the Sugar Loaf mountain, Monmouthshire, in very dense patches. Purton. Ön heaths in Norfolk. Rev. James Layton; in Musc, Brit. Autumn. Var. 2. Leaves fasciculated, not closely set, spear-awl-shaped, mid-ribbed, doubled together, ending in a short whitish hair; curled when dry. E. Bot. 2005-Musc. Brit. xix. E.)—Dill. 47. 28. A. something resembles it, but that is described as hairless.

Branched upwards. Fruit-stalk from one-fourth to three-fourths of an inch long, varying greatly in different specimens.

B. Hypnoides B. Linn. and Huds. (Trichostomum fasciculare. Turn. Sm. Hook. E.) On Snowdon. Dillenius and Griffith. Sometimes the branches are so short as to resemble bundles of leaves, and then the fruit-stalks are short in proportion. Dill. 47. 28. B. if furnished with hairs, would be a pretty good resemblance of it in this state.

Var. 3.

Leaves fasciculated, egg-awl-shaped, mid-ribbed, keeled, pointed with a white hair.

From two to three inches long, trailing, branches and fruit-stalks longer than in var. 1. None of the figures exactly resemble it.

Var. 4. Leaves fasciculated, spear-awl-shaped, mid-ribbed, doubled together, hair-pointed, curled when dry.

Near two inches long. Less trailing than the preceding, but chiefly differing in the shape of the leaves, and being of a bright yellow green. (B. lutescens. Dicks.? E.)

Var. 5. Leaves fasciculated, spear-awl-shaped, mid-ribbed, not hair-pointed: fruit-stalks very short.

Specimen from Mr. Griffith, who thinks it ought to be considered as a distinct species; and in favour of this opinion we may observe, that all the preceding varieties have hair-pointed leaves, but this and the subsequent ones are not so. The stems more or less trailing, and the leaves growing in bundles are always sufficient to distinguish B. Hypnoides and its reputed varieties from B. canescens, whilst the presence or absence of that hoariness which is caused by the hairs at the points of the leaves, will at once discriminate the four first varieties of B. Hypnoides from the subsequent ones.

Var. 6. Leaves fasciculated, spear-awl-shaped, mid-ribbed, doubled together, curled when dry: lid not beaked.

Dill. 47. 30.

Fruit-stalk

Leaves crowded, very small, yellowish or brownish_green. from the upper branches, half an inch long. Dill. It forms a cushion on the rocks. Linn. In the specimens before me some plants are distinctly of the barren, and others of the fertile kind.

B. hypnoides 8. Huds. (Trichostomum obtusum. Sm. E.) On Snowdon. Dillenius and Mr. Griffith. Aug.

Var. 7. Shoots long, prostrate, leaves pointing one way, in bundles or distinct, awl-shaped, bent, very slender and fine, but not hair-pointed. There is not any figure of this. The plant is brown green, four or five inches long, branches few, very short; fruit-stalk scarcely longer than the leaves. Shoot distinct, composed of a bundle of brown red fibres. Specimen from Mr. Dickson.

B. Capsules on fruit-stalks, upright.

(4) Stems upright.

a. Capsules roundish.

B. RETICULA'TUM. Capsules pear-shaped, toothed: leaves egg-shaped, serrated, reticulated. Dicks. ii. 4.

Dicks. 4. 6. a. b.—(E. Bot. 2507. E.)

Shoots upright. Leaves distant, rather pointed, of a remarkable net-work texture, transparent, serrated towards the end, below very entire. Fruitstalk from the base of the plant. Capsule teeth bent in. Dicks.

(RETICULATED THREAD-MOSS. B. reliculatum. Dicks. Splachnum reticulatum. Sm. and assimilated with S. Frælichianum, Musc. Brit. ix. by Hooker and Taylor, but considered distinct by Smith. E.) On Ben High, in the Highlands.

B. PENNA TUM. Capsules very small: fruit-stalks terminal: shoot simple, upright, wing-cleft: leaves pointing two ways, spearshaped vary entire.

Hedw. Stirp. 1. 29-(E. Bot. 2213-Musc. Brit. viii. E.)-Dicks. 1. 4. Plant half an inch high; naked at bottom. Barren stems wing-cleft. Fertile stems, some star-like, some bearing capsules; very slender, bright green. Leaves distinct, egg-spear-shaped, pointing from two opposite lines. Fruit-stalks very slender, green, one-eighth of an inch long, rising out of an involucrum resembling that of the barren flower. Capsule upright, very small, green, roundish, but lopped when the lid has fallen off. Veil none observed. Lid very blunt, reddish. Fringe naked. Dicks. Veil falling off entire. Hedw.

(WING-CLEFT THREAD-MOSS. E.) Mnium Osmundaceum. Dicks. Gymnostomum pennatum. Hedw. (G. Osmundaceum. Sm. Schistostega pennata. Brid. Musc. Brit. Hollows in old hedge-banks, in a rich soil on the road from Zele to South Tawton, four miles from Oakhampton: Mr. Newberry; (and in the same county, by the Rev. J. S. Tozer, near the village of Haberton, two miles from Totness; near Chelwill in the same parish; also near Meavy Parsonage; always on mouldering hedge-banks. Musc. Brit. We are also favoured by an unknown friend with the following station for this favourite Moss: April, 1826; It is now abundantly in fructification in Nottingham

VOL. III.

2 G

Forest, where it grows on the roofs of the sandstone caverns, just beyond the Jews' burying-ground, on the west side of the Gallows Hill. E.) B. April-June. B. VERTICILLA'TUM. Capsules small roundish: fruit-stalks twisted when dry shoots all of the same height: leaves hair-pointed. Dicks. H. S.-(E. Bot. 1258—Musc. Brit. xv. E.)—Dill. 47. 35. Grows in dense tufts. Stems slender, adhering closely together, about an inch high; branched. Leaves hair-like, fine pale green, towards the bottom of the plant whitish. Fruit-stalks numerous, short, pale, terminal. Capsules small, roundish, greenish. Lid very small, red, pointed. Dill. Haller unites it with B. æstivum. Linn. (WHORLED THREAD-MOSS. Grimmia verticillata. Turn. Sm. Weissia verticillata. Schwaegr. Musc. Brit. Grev. and B. fasciculatum. With. to Ed. 7. E.) In Yorkshire. Richardson, in Dill. Ön rocks near the sea, Bangor. Brewer, in Dill. (Auchtertool Linn, Fifeshire. Dr. Greville. E.) P. April-Aug.

B. POMIFOR ME. Capsules globular: lid flat: shoot branched: leaves strap spear-shaped, tiled, but spreading: bristle-pointed.

Dicks. H. S.-(Hook. Fl. Lond.-E. Bot. 998—Musc. Brit. xxiii. E.)— Dill. 44. 1-Fl. Dan. 478-Vail, 24. 9 and 12—Buxb. v. App. n. 4—H. Ox. xv. 6, row. 4 and 6.

Leaves bristle-shaped. Fruit-stalks solitary, purplish below. Capsules globular. Veil very much pointed, very small, oblique. Linn. Grows thick together in broad patches. Stems about an inch high; the old ones branched, the young ones simple. Leaves very slender, serrated towards the ends. Fruit-stalks full half an inch long, from the ends of the younger shoots, one or more in a place. Capsule at first slender, when ripe globular. Mouth wide, fringed, the teeth turned inwards. Veil deciduous. Weis. and Dill. Leaves mid-ribbed.

(APPLE THREAD-MOSS. Bartramia pomiformis. Sw. Hedw. Sm. Turn. Hook. E. Bot. E.) Heaths, rocks, and banks. A. Feb.-April. (In Musc. Brit. our first kind is described under var. à minor; stems shorter, leaves flexuose. To which is added var. ẞ major; stems much lengthened out, branched; leaves longer; crisped, especially when dry. Bartramia crispa. Brid. Turn. E. Bot. 1526. E.)

B. MACROCARPON. Capsules roundish fruit-stalks terminal: shoot branched: leaves expanding, spear-shaped, slender.

Dill. 47. 29; A. B. the fresh, C. the dried plant-Fl. Dan. 476—Happ. iii. 3. Plant yellow green; much branched; leaves slender, curled. Capsule brown, beak very small. Dill. Fruit-stalk but little higher than the tops of the shoots. Capsule very small. Lid red, with a very slender needleshaped point.

(CURLED-LEAVED THREAD-MOSS. E.) Br. Hypnoides 7. Huds. Оп Snowdon. Mr. Griffith.

B. PA TENS. Capsules egg-oblong, fringed: fruit-stalks very short: shoots nearly upright: branches expanding, rising to nearly the same height: leaves strap-spear-shaped.

[ocr errors]

Dick. 4. 8. a. b.—(E. Bot. 1990—Musc. Brit. xix. E.)

Shoots somewhat slanting, nearly cylindrical, tapering towards the base, very much branched. Branches unequal, rather pointed, somewhat higher than the fruit-stalks. Leaves tiled, pressed to, the points standing out, quite straight, strap-spear-shaped, pointed, channelled. Fruitstalks from the sides of the uppermost branches, few, solitary, very short, often zigzag. Capsules rather pear-shaped, small. Fringe fringed. Dicks. Capsules egg-oblong, as expressed in the figure. (EXPANDING THREAD-MOSS. Trichostomum patens. Schwaeg. Hook. Dicranum patens. Sm. Also Trichostomum obtusum, of the latter author, according to Musc. Brit. which Smith considers synonymous with B. Hypnoides var. Huds. With. E.) On rocks in mountainous rivulets. On Ben Nevis, Scotland. Dickson. Rocks above the chapel at Gwydir, Carnarvonshire. Mr. Griffith.

B. STELLIGERUM. Capsules semi-globular, naked: leaves strap-shaped, in star-like whorls. Dicks. ii. 3.

Dicks. 4. 4. a. b.

Shoots branched, star-like at the end. Leaves expanding, a little bowed back at the ends; somewhat whorled. Fringe naked. Lid flattish, the

beak somewhat oblique; as long as the capsule. Dicks.

(STAR THREAD-Moss. Gymnostomum stelligerum. Schrad. Sm. G. curvirostrum. Musc. Brit.? vid. B. æstivum. E.) Woods in the Highlands.

B. ACU'TUM. Capsules roundish: shoots branched, pointed: leaves bristle-shaped, upright.

(E. Bot. 1644-Musc. Brit. xiv.-Fl. Dan. 538. 2. E.)-Hill. 47. 34. Slender, one inch high, branches two or three, sometimes more. Leaves dark green, hairy, sharp-pointed. Fruit-stalks short, when young terminal. Veil brownish. Capsules short, roundish. Dill. In moist situations the capsules are rather longer, and sometimes the fruit-stalks are bent like those of B. fragile. Griff.

(POINTED THREAD-MOSS. B. acutum. Dicks. B. Splachnoides. Dill. Weissia acuta. Hedw. 35. Hook. Grimmia acutu. Turn. Sm. E.) Snowdon, and mountains about Llanberris. Dillenius. On Ben Lomond, and sides of Highland mountains. Lightfoot. Crib y Ddescil. Mr. Griffith. Aug.-May. Dill. Oct-June. Lightf. B. LATERALE. Capsules nearly globular, lateral: leaves bristleshaped, pointing one way. Lightf.

Hedw. Stirp. ii. 40-(E. Bot. 997-Musc. Brit. xxiii. E.)-Hall. Enum. 3. 8, at p. 109. Hist. 46. 8, at iii. p. 56—Hall. It. Helv. ii. 1. 2. in Opusc. p. 300-Fl. Dan. 823. 1; and 538. 3.

Stems forming tufts, from one to three inches high; almost upright, purplish, but little branched; covered at the base with fox-coloured wool. Leaves numerous, very green, bristle-shaped, soft, long. Fruit-stalks upright, short, purple. Veil conical, sharp, pale, deciduous. Capsules fringed, tawny. Lid conical, very short, tawny. Huds. Barren and fertile flowers in the same involucrum. Fruit-stalks short, stiff, but bending by the weight of the capsule, fixed to the end of the last year's shoot, but the growth of the new shoot makes it appear lateral. Outer fringe of sixteen teeth. In B. pomiforme, the leaves are more equally tapering, and the fruit-stalks are longer.

(LATERAL THREAD-MOSS. B. laterale. Huds. Lightf. With. Dicks. Ehrh. Bartramia Halleriana. Hedw. Turn. Sm. Hook. E.) On the banks of the river Isla, Angus-shire. Mr. Brown; who assures me that it was - first discovered in Scotland by Dr. Walker on Hartfell mountain near Moffat. E.) Boggy ground on the ascent to Crib y Ddescil, from Llanberris. About Llyn Idwell, in the ascent to Twll dù, in great abundance. Mr. Griffith. P. May-Sept.

B. Capsules on fruit-stalks, upright.

(4) Stems upright.

b. Capsules egg-shaped.

B. CIRRATUM. Capsules egg-oblong: lid taper-pointed: veil reaching but half-way: shoots branched: leaves strap-spear-shaped, midribbed, acute.

(E. Bot. 2356-Musc. Brit. xv. E.)-Vaill. 24. 8-Fl. Dan. 538. 4. Grows in large dense patches. Fruit-stalks from one half to one inch, the young ones terminal, the older form the forks of the branches. Lid reddish, pointed, very slender, readily falling off. Mouth with a short fringe. Weis.

(FRIZZLED THREAD-MOSS. Grimmia cirrata. Sm. Weissia cirrata. Hedw. Musc. Brit. The latter authority assimilates with the present species, Grimmia Dicksoni. Sin. E. Bot. 1420. B. Dicksoni of With. E.) Mnium cirratum. With. Ed. ii. and Gmelin doubts whether it ought not still to be considered as a Mnium, arranging with the Dicrana of Hedwig. Mr. Griffith observes, that B. viridulum at the foot of a hill gradually changed in the course of the ascent until it became B. cirratum. Woods, mountainous heaths, walls, and hedge-banks. P. March-July.

B. LANCEOLATUM. Capsules egg-oblong, toothed: shoots nearly upright leaves spear-shaped, concave, taper-pointed.

Hedw. Stirp. ii. 23—(E. Bot. 1408—Musc. Brit. xiv. E.) Stem upright, three or four lines high, rarely branched. Leaves the lower ones smaller than those above. Lid, beak generally bent. Veil pale green to whitish, upright, splitting at the side. (LANCEOLATE-LEAVED THREAD-MOSS. B. lanceolatum. Dicks. With. Relh. Grimmia lanceolata. Sm. Leersia lanceolata. Hedw. Ehrh. Dry heaths. Hedge-banks about Croydon. Spring and Autumn. P.

B. LINOIDES. Capsules cylindrical, bearded: leaves distant, spearshaped, roundish, but pointed. Dicks.

Dicks. iii. 8. 3.

Shoot upright, simple. Leaves expanding, pointed by the projecting of the mid-rib. Fringe twisted. Veil awl-shaped, twice the length of the capsule. (The authors of Musc. Brit. assimilate this plant with their Tortula fallax, xii. the larger specimens, with longer and sharper leaves than the other varieties. E.)

(FLAX-LEAVED THREAD-MOSS. B. Linoides. Dicks. With. Hull. Hedw. Trichostomum Linoides. Fl. Brit. not E. Bot. 2295, (fid. Musc. Brit.) which rather belongs to B. trifarium. E.) Pastures in Scotland. Dickson. (Gathered by Mr. Backhouse at the High Force, Teesdale; also in Weardale by Mr. Winch. E.)

« AnteriorContinua »