ඇලා;-දිටුමගුල් මතඟුද කැල නැවත්. having seen Matengoo. ආලා;-කරනිපිරි Ditoomagool halted ක්සාලා කරණු. Cothat which is necessary to be done, having inquired. ඊලා;-ඛර පොසොන්පතර මිලායේ. The bee proceeds having sipped the sweets in the flowery leaf. ඉන්ලා ;- සගයහ ගොසින් න්ලානහමවේ. the prosperity of Niwene. Having gone, behold Note, that the following are also some examples shewing other inflexions of the past participle; e. g. 49 or 49 having come; ss having gone. † Note also, that words as in the two following, and කියාලන්නේ, become roots by the inflection respectively of and to the past participle inflected as already laid down. 56. Examples of the present participle. —iócsian මින්පැලා. The Mara army trembling went away. 3x-3. Leaving (it) to peacocks. මි - මිනි- මුනි විඋදාදෙනති තුළුකැමිලියෙනි අතුරු දහන් බීජිං When the Sun of Budha had risen, the stars of unbelievers fading, assumed a disappearing mood. Note, that (in this Chapter) the names of the verbs and the tenses, and their significations are treated very briefly: all their pecularities should therefore be learnt according to usage. End of the seventh Chapter. This is an allusion to a story in the Budhistical Scriptures. The past particip'e which is treated of under this paragraph has been designated The compound perfect' by the Revd. Mr. Lambrick at p. 126 of his Grammar, wherein he remarks;-" Besides the simple perfects given in the Paradigm, there is a compound present perfect and a compound past perfect formed by the absolute participle and an auxiliary; as කුකූල පුටුවට නැගිල ඉන්නා The cock has got on the chair; දලකමාළු අහුවෙලා තිබුනේ Some fish had addn caught in a nek. " It is quite an error to speak of these as compound perfects; for by transposing the words in the above examples, the student will perceive that CHAPTER VIII. On Derivatives. 57. Verbal and nominal roots are inflected with appropriate affixes, but, at the same time, without a departure from usage. a. Verbal roots.-A verbal root when inflected has either the signification of a noun in its six relations to the verb (i. e, the six 6*), or that of participial nouns. e. g. කරණී 'that which is necessary to be done'- —a deed, from 6 to do, and the affix. that which is fit for drinking-water, from to drink, and the affix qus. cóng is fit for eating'--food, from on to eat, and that which the affix. ę to 'that which is fit for mastication'-cakes, from masticate or bite, and the affix. 'that which is composed'-stanza, from co to compose, and the affix; and by changing the last by the rule respecting (see § 9. and note), that which is given'-a donation, from e, to give, and the affix. Note, that the above are derivatives having the signification of an Accusative agent. † b. 'He who does an act'-agent, from 6 to do, and the affixe, and by the substitution of in place of 6. (see § 10.) he who calculates'-accountant, from to count, and the affix g. & 'he who shoots'-archer, from 8 'he who supplicates'—beggar, to shoot, and the affix g. there is but one simple verb in each of the two sentences, and that although that verb bears a relation to, the same is nevertheless unconnected with, the participle. Thus Åston Having dcɔ JïDH mounted the chair the cock is (i. e. remains); & Having been caught in a net (there) was fish. This then is not a compound perfect tense;" but, as it is laid down in the 55th of the text-" a verb preceded by, and having relation to, a past participle." * See note (*) to § 60. See last note. from from cs to beg, and the affix. o 'he who runs'-racer, to run, and the affix .ɔ he who does not walk'-non-pedestrian, from o to go, and esę feet, and by in the root, and by inserting the negation. 'he who glides on his breast'-glider, from 6 breast, ∞☎ to proceed, and the affix . the who loves water'— aquatick, from ɔ to drink, and the affix. eliding 'that which dazzles'-dazzling, from o to dazzle. 'that which stirs up'-storm, from ☎ to stir up, ɔ☎ 'that which waves'-fluctuation, from to wish for. to move to and fro. to ooze. Des 'that which shines'-shining, from De to shine. which falls-rain, from es to fall in drops. which delights'-delightful, from to please. 'that 'that 'that which separates-ablative, from @es to separate. Ce that which is splendid' splendour, from ce to shine, and by changing the affix by the rule respecting Metathesis (see § 14). C 'that which wafts-breeze, from to proceed (like the breeze), and the affix . e'that which is weak'-leanness, from 0 to weaken, and by inflecting the base with the affix e, after ල, eliding the in the root. that which gladdens'—gladness, from es to be glad, and the affix, i. e. after substituting in තුස place of (see § 10.), and after changing the vowel sound in (see § 14. a). 'that which stands'-standing, from 8 to stand, and the affix g. 39 'he who dives'-diver, from to dive, and the affixe, and by substituting in place of (§ see 10.) 'that which quakes'—quake (as in earthquake), from a to tremble, and the affix g. 8 'he who is brave'-bravery, from co to dare, and the affix ở. 3 ‘that which annoys'-annoyance, from to oppress, and the affix, ද The words සොබන, කොබන, ලොබන, ලණු, ගලන and We are formed by adding the affix to the roots given in the text. වස්නා, තුනා, and මුස්නා take the affix නා. The above are derivatives having the signification of the Instrumental agent. c. that which is chopped'-chip, from o to to fall. to grind. 'that which is ground' 'that which is directed' chop. Er fallen, from -grinding, from one -aim, from 8 and a to direct, and the affixe, [before inflecting which, however, the base undergoes by substitution and Metathesis, a change which produces ] that which is seen'—visible, from ce to behold. 89 approaching, from ≈ and Bes to approach, and the affix [before inflecting which the base undergoes a change as in වුහුට.] කැපුcut,from කප to cut. සැපු chewed, from es to chew. charmed, from to charm. crammed, from ɔ to insert. Dɩ seen, from De to see. flown, from one to ooze. ɩ borne, from 6 to bear. 36v filled, from go to fill. 6 distanced, from 6 to send away. E to write. g spoken, from to say. Eg shut (part.), from 9 to shut.e done, from 6 to do. e shun, from 6 to shun. De assembled, from 6 to assemble. cut or destroyed, from to destroy.broken, from ę to break. Esat (part.), from Sę to sit. borne, from 8e to bear. gi given, from e, to give. eating, from to eat. coming, from to come. කහ 6. giving, from e, to give. The above are derivatives having the signification of an Instrumental or Accusative karaka. All the derivatives in this paragraph, which have the final sound of oo, as intake the affix; those which have the final sound of a, take, and those which have the mute n, take. Since the student may easily find them out, we have omitted the affixes with which the roots given in the text are combined. The roots themselves are supplied by the translator from the Commentary to the Sidath'Sangerawe, where alone they occur. d. that by means whereof we go'—a conveyance, from co to go. 'that by means whereof we cover ourselves'— garments, from D to cover. 'that by means whereof the head is anointed'-ointment, from to bathe. 'that by means whereof we do or make any thing'-arm, from to do. The above are derivatives having the signification of the Auxiliary. 6 e. he to whom anything is given'-donee, e. g, a Brahamin; from e, to give, &c. &c. are derivatives in the sense of the Dative. f 'he from whom results fear-fiend or Rhaksha, from 2 to fear, &c. &c. are derivatives in the sense of the Ablative. 9. 5'that upon which every thing happens'→ground, from to happen; 36 'that wherein prosperity teems'-city, from go to teem, &c. are derivatives in the sense of the Locative, (e. g. 6 demi-god), from 3 Danu, † and the affix . "Menu, son or grandson of Brahama, or in plain language, the first of created beings, and not the oldest only, but the holiest of legislators. The name of Menu is clearly derived (like menes, mens, and mind) from the root men, 'to understand; ' and it signifies, as all Pandits agree, intelligent, particularly in the doctrines of the Veda, which the composer of our Dherma' Sashtra must have studied very diligently."—Sir William Jones' works, III. p. p. 54, 58. The student will bence perceive that the words ', •qdos) &c. man, and ✪ mind, are derived from the same source. "the mother of the Daityas, demons, or asurs: she was one of the daughters of, [in the mythology of the Hindus a noted deity, who was a son of, and born from, the thumb of the right hand of Brahama, for the purpose of as-i-ting in peopling the world] and wife of Kasyapa, the celebrated 'Kishi or holy man, the teacher of Paràsurama, from whom he received the sovereignty of the world”—Clough. |