and in the plural; and also all the terminations proper to the accusative, in both its numbers, by the addition of > to each of them (except those that end in C.) These terminations thus are, in the Singular, &, qe, cê, mê, yê, and e; and in the Plural-, cxii, x.a, pnĉ, sie, and අශ්ව.*

EXAMPLES.

හට,- ජරබන්න විසමුවෙන් සිපාරැහැඋරා

රොදතුන කෙ හටමර හට (හට) නොදෙනතෙක් තුන් දොන් සුසිරිපි bass. It will be well to be virtuous (by three රුචියෙහෙ. doors†) in all the three ways, until the demon of decrepitude, having chewed by means of her diseased mouth, and sipped, the humours-shall not give unto death the cud of (thy) body.

අටඋඩට උසට (අට) දලැදිලි දෙනු පිය සමාම්හි. In an agreeable company throw two handfuls of water to the weary. co-a66уo(). The premier bids (to) the king උට පෙරවි රජුට (උට) ආසිදේ. long life and prosperity.

Gve alms to the beggar.

හුට-වෙලඳහුට (හුට) බඩුදේ He gives goods to the merchant. ε-503000 (~). I pray for (promote) a blessing of peace to this house.

45.8—=6~B÷xsidan. Saresavy gives wisdom

to those who worship her. උන්ට - මහතුන්ට (උන්ට) කර පිනිප,

Boo to the great. හට -ඹු පරණට (නට) පිටුකදන්. The weak give their back (support) to others (enemies.)

ආනට —තලාටකලියෙහි තරඟදෙබෙරා බට පබව තවත නඹරාණට (c) fo&. The face of Pabàwetee (the Queen of

In some of the provinces of this Island, the both in the Dative and the Infinitive, is changed into . In the K.ndian Provinces, however, the is preserved inviolate.

The "three doors" have reference to the means by whose instrumentality sins are committed, viz.-thought, word, and deed.

Sretary, otherwise called Saraswelee, the wife of Brahma, is the Goddess of speech, the arts, and sciences,

king Koose) who in her aquatic amusement, descended by dividing the waves, disgraced (emulated) the Lotuses. න්ට - මහත්මොපරඟනන්ට (න්ට) උරරුපට (ට) පිටුද c. Excellent men do not give their breast to other's women, nor their back to enemies.

අන්ට - මෙහෙලියන්ට (අන්ට) නිසෙනි* හැඟි නොපට සනු Tell ye not altogether your thoughts to women.

Observe, that where es (for, or for the purpose of) is understood, the noun which it would govern, if expressed, takes the inflexion අට; as සටනට (අට) නික්මිනි,or සටන් OdeRRIF-He departed for war; el:&A or CQd8A683—He adorned (himself) for the feast or wedding; බුජනමැවිනිදෙන්නට (අට) ද කොටන්නට (අට) ද or බුජනන්විණි දෙනු පිණිසද කෙටුන් පිනිසඳ - The arm ia created for the purpose of giving and striking.

Observe also, that the particle e', when used in the sense of 3e, governs the same case, as id-In order to become Budha.

The sixth, or Ablative case

31. Is that which denotes a separation of one object or idea from another. § Its inflexions are those proper to the Auxiliary case; and also those ( and excepted) proper to the Accusative, but with the addition of om to each of the inflexions proper to the latter. That is to say, එන්, හෙන්, ඉන්, එහි, නෙහි, හි; අගෙන්, උගෙන්,

is the word which occurs in several copies of the text. This is either a clerical error, or the word is now abbreviated, instead of හිසෙසෙනී.

When the words is expressed. the terminations peculiar to this case may be dispensed with. In the example given above, the in the case is changed into merely for the sake of euphony. This euphonic expedient belongs to the Singhalese language in divers turns of expression. This word, when properly inflected, is read ; or to the inflective base may be added, වස් or පිණිස; as බුදුවන පිනිස.

Fide Wils: p. 374. It is the same in the Latin; as "Nos, Troja antiqua diversa per ægrora vecti." L. L. G. p. 88.

:

ආගෙන්, හුඟෙන්, උන්ගෙන්, නගෙන්, ආනගෙන්, න්ගෙන්, and අන්ගෙන්.

EXAMPLES.

1, Having the inflexions proper to the Auxiliary.

ඉන්:-කතක් මහ සතු සෙලින් (ඉන්) හෙලි. A woman pushed

down the Bódisat from a hill.

එන්;—දෙව්දත්ද හැනෙන් (එහ්) පිරිහිනී.

Dew'dat has

fallen off from his religious virtue, called @*.*

නෙන්; -රුක්නෙන් (නෙන්) ගිනිවිලිමුවා. A monkey has fallen down from a tree. †

2, Having the inflexions proper to the Accusative,

The naked

අ, ගෙන් - හිරිගෙන් (අගෙන්) තොරිනිවට.

mendicant is free from shame.

උ, ගෙන් - සොරුගෙන් (උගෙන්) බිසවේ. From a tlief re

sults fear.

ආ, ගෙන් - නො තහවුර පරාගෙන් (ආගෙන්) ගතු. Thatwich is taken from another is not lasting.

හු, ගෙන්-හටනක් කදුඹු මුනිඳුහුගෙන් (හුගෙන්) දුවේ. A condensed ray of six colours proceeds from Budha.

* Vide Clough's Dictionary. II. p. 30.

.

+ It will be perceived that the text does not present the student with examples of the inflexions 93, 95, and, common to the Auxiliary and the Ablative; nor with H‚oud—~,înai—pa, ගෙ-න්,ගෙන්and අන්, ගෙන් the plural inflexions proper to the Accusative, by the addition of to each, and which are the same in the Ablative. We supply the omission by citing the following; viz.ps—ndgun Dr. Having crossed (from) the river, අනි බියෙනි තොරව. Free from fear.

anf—diansęty. The ignorant are destitute of (from) Sciences. උන්, ගෙන් - රජුන්ගෙන් උදහස් වේ. Displeasure results from Kings; dissect. Monkeys fell from ren; ආන, ගෙන් - මොනරාණගෙන් පිල්ගාලෙත්. Feathers drop from peafowls; &, omsi—4620xima cage. Having expected assistance from children; and,—56da8 කැත් උකට From amongst men the Kshetriye race is supreme.

*

as

Observe 1st, that (equal to the Latin tenus, far as, or until the end of), governs the Ablative case; as ęc ansiosDnDq-Courting attendance till the end of the world; පැලළුනුවර ඳක් ව හරේවටි—Rankhas fallen as far as the city of Peleloop.

Observe 2ndly, that words expressing nearness † govern the Ablative, as වරින්වර විහු කෙරෙන්සි සිදුරුවෙහි From day to day is the moon distanced from near (the vicinity of) the

'sin.

Observe 3rdly, that words implying separation, or the singling out of an object from amongst a multitude, either on account of the quality, virtue, or action of that object, govern an Ablative; as, nóximo sim-Amongst men the Kshetrie race is supreme; රුවන තුරෙන් මහ ගුරත් මැන Amongst gems the ruby is very precious; ciicmsiqɛ, -Amongst the passengers the runner is the swiftest. ‡ Observe 4thly, that although a word conveys a separation from an object, yet by a turn of expression in the sentence it governs a case other than the Ablative; as බමුණුබර න; සැසිට -The Brahmin comes having been at Benares. §

The seventh, or Genitive case.

32. When two objects having a relation to each other are separated; that from which one is separated is in the Genitive case. The inflexions peculiar to this are those proper to the Dative and the Accusative, without any alteration, as also those proper to the Accusative by the addition of after each. That is to say, ඟට, අට, උට, ආට, (හුට, ට, අනට, උන්ට, නට, ආනට, හිට, අෆ්ට,) අ. උ, ආ, හු, (උන්, න, ආන,

* Thus also in the Latin: "summo tenus attigit ore," or "Pectoribus tenus"-L. L. G. p. 97.

"Naves quæ ex eo loco millibus passum ecto tenebantur." L. L. G. 87. iquecias-Dwelling in Lanka, away

or apart from the world. Will: p. 376 § g. This same idea expressed thus:

min comes from Benares, requires an ablative.

|| Wils; § 290.

dónded-The Braḥ

හ්, අන්,) අඟේ, උඟේ, ආගේ, හුඟේ, (ටගේ, උගේ, නඟේ, ආනගේ, න්ගේ නටගේ and අන්ගේ,) [10]

EXAMPLES.

1. Shewing the same inflexions as those in the Dative, හට - කිමි තම හට (හට) කිස තබා අඹරෝරටනැඟේ. The fire-fly forsaking his own employment ascends the vacuous sky. ❤ê—Ño@»€ (4) 5. Father of the three worlds. අට - තිලොවට (අට) උට - මුනිහිරට (උට) විනෙතඹරහුසුපක්හු ක්හ. The faithful (like-unto) lotuses, are adherents of Budha-like sun.

[10] The inflexions within parentheses are not exemplified in the text. The omission will be found supplied in the Appendix C.

* The word rendered "faithful" is E in the text: it stands for 805 , and means “persons who are possessed of that state of religious belief which is a sine-qua-non for the attainment of the summum bonum of the Budhist's Creed,-the extinction or annihilation of the soul."— 8537 is the word opposite to or, which means ‘all unbelief.'The elegant writer of the Koosejateka has in his very first Stanza contrasted these words:

I bow unto his Supreme Intelligence, the Teacher of the three worlds— like unto an Ocean for precious gems—a moon for the Lily-like faith,ulmen-and a Sun for the deep-darkness of unbelief.

It is to be observed, that metaphors such as the above, where the resemblance between certain objects is implied but not expressed, are very frequent in the Singhalese: e. g. In the text faithful-men are likened unto Lotuses, and Budha is compared to the Sun: and the whole expression "faithful (men-like) Lotuses" is put in opposition to "Budha-like-Sun." Thus, faithful is opposed to Budha, and Lotuses to the Sun;-"the faithful," because they are the children or adherents of Budha-and the "Lofuses (the nelumbrium speciosum) because they are brought into perfection by the influence of Sun-beams. It is also to be remarked, that if the word were substituted for 3, the metaphor would prove defective, because 5 is a sun-flower. Between the latter and

Moon, there would therefore be 10 analogy.-vide infra, chapter XII. cn Rhetoric.