and the Latin folium. In Cole's Old English Dictionary we find "foils, leaves;" and it is still in common use amongst us in its secondary sense of any thin substance: so that the phrase loges à foillies means only "bowers of leaves." The English fool, French fol and fou, and their derivatives, are supposed to be of northern origin. - C. Fernando Colombo and Henry VII. (2nd S. ii. 170.) Your correspondent will find some interesting information on this subject in Sharon Turner's History of England, reign of Richard III. If, as that author suggests, Christopher Columbus (under the name of Colon) was in the service of Richard III., his brother could hardly expect to find a very favourable reception from Henry VII. I believe I am correct in stating that the office supposed by the historian to have been held by Columbus was the governorship of Richborough Castle, in Kent. HENRY T. RILEY. Dramatic Works: "The Unknown" (1st S. xi. 444.) The drama entitled The Unknown was written by the Rev. Dr. Vardill, and was performed at the Surrey Theatre in 1819. Dr. Vardill (who died in 1811) was rector of Skirbeck and Fishtoft, in the county of Lincoln. Dr. V.'s daughter, Miss Anna Jane Vardill, is the author of The Pleasures of Human Life, a poem published R. INGLIS. in 1812. Posture during the "Sursum Corda" and the "Sanctus" (2nd S. ii. 68.)- The proper posture of persons during the Sursum Corda and the Sanctus is standing. Such has been the custom from the earliest times of the Church. Likewise the posture during the Psalms and Lessons should be the contrary: sitting for the Psalms, and standing for the Lessons. NOTSA. Fagot, ficatum," &c. (2nd S. i. 236.) — It is more than hinted that there is "no instance of i and a being confounded in etymology." By confound I suppose is here meant interchange; and if so be, may I suggest to your correspondent the word language itself, which forms a double instance, lingua, language, lingo, and slang; also superficies, surface, salient, resilient, sine, sans, &c.; and also among the Teutonic derivatives, band, bind, nacht, night, &c.? I could enumerate many more, but these may, perhaps, suffice. C. DE LA PRYME. Tothill Pedigree (2nd S. ii. 372.)-Though unable to furnish the pedigree, I am enabled to give A. some particulars, touching this family, from Lipscomb's Buckinghamshire: "In the time of Q. Elizabeth, the family of Tothill had acquired from the Cheynes the manor of Shardeloes (not Shardelves). William Tothill, Esq., who was one of the Six Clerks in Chancery, and married Catherine, daughter | of Sir John Denham, Knt., appears to have resided at Shardeloes. They had the extraordinary number of thirty-three children. Joane, the eldest daughter and co-heiress, was married to Francis Drake, Esq., of Esher in Surrey, a Gentleman of the Privy Chamber to K. James I."-Vol. iii. pp. 153, 154. This unfortunate lady, soon after her marriage, fell into a state of ill health and deep melancholy; and a most extraordinary statement of her malady appeared in a very scarce tract, intituled The Firebrand taken out of the Fire, or the Wonderful History, Case, and Cure of Mrs. Drake," &c. (Ibid.). By the register of Amersham, long the residence of some member of the Drake family, it appears that "Mrs. Katherine Tothill, late wife of William Tothill, was there buried, 29 June, 1626;" and "William Tothill, Esq., bur. 10 December, 1626." To this William Tothill and Catherine his wife there still exists a monument in the church of the said hamlet, with a long Latin inscription. (Ibid., p. 168.) C. H. Rose of Jericho (1st S. xi. 449.; 2nd S. ii. 236.) -This plant being again mentioned, I send a Note respecting it. I have a seed-vessel which I doubt not is that of the flower described by De Saulcy as like a large eastern daisy. It has the hygrometrical properties he witnessed. High botanical authority decides it a Mesembryanthemum ; and it resembles the seed-vessel of the annual pink Mes., which I have grown on purpose to compare with it. But as far as I can ascertain, without injuring my specimen, the seeds do not seem to be united to the interior angle of the cell. I say seem," because we have examined one division only; in that, they were unattached: can this arise from age? or be caused by repeated exercise of its curious property? Though probably the blossom is even less like a true rose than Helianthemum roseum is, (which Monro and Wilde think the "Rose of Sharon,") surely a Mesem. has a better claim to the title than the Anastatica, which is a cruciform plant. Has any modern traveller found a large pink Mesem. on the plain where De Saulcy found the seed-vessel? He calls it a "small flower;" but judging by the size of the seed-vessel, as compared with that of Mesem. roseum, my flower must have been as large as the yellow annual species. If the plant were very common, even where De Sauley found it, it would scarcely have been lost sight of, and replaced by the Kaff maryam; but it is worth seeking, as it is probably quite as hardy as our greenhouse species. I suspect that a green spongy ball, given to us as a great curiosity, may be Lycopodium lepidophyllum. I placed it in water, but it does not open so completely as F. C. H. describes. Is this from age? I have had it about fifteen years. Diss. F. C. B. Mayor of London, 1335 (2nd S. ii. 213. 293.) Harl. MS. 6178, British Museum, contains a roll of arms of the mayors and sheriffs of London; and for the year 1335, gives Nic. Woton for mayor, with his coat, Argent, a saltire engrailed sable. The sheriffs are stated to be Walter Mordon and Richard Upton. Although some of your correspondents have quoted other names as sheriffs for this year, I think there can be no doubt but that the above are correct. As regards the mayor, the roll of arms in the above-named MS. appears very like proof; but I should imagine there must be some records among the city archives that would place the matter beyond a doubt. In the absence of this proof, I would suggest that, probably, Wotton may have been locum tenens during the absence of Reginald at Conduit; or possibly Reginald may have died towards the end of his mayoralty, and Wotton filled the vacant chair for W. (Bombay.) a short time. London. Public Preachers (2nd S. ii. 373.) — It is probable the inquiries of your correspondent may be forwarded by the following extracts made by permission of the Rev. Richard Rigg, the rector of the church of St. Clements, Pyebridge, Norwich, from the registers of that parish: "Samuel Robarts, the sonne of Mr Thomas Robarts, preacher publique to this City, was buried ye 19 day of Sept. 1580." "Mr Thomas Robards, preacher of the Lord's word to this Citye, was buryed the 16 day of June, An. Dm. 1584." The wording of these two extracts affords sufficient evidence that there did exist, at this early period, an office which held some control over the public preachers of the age. The appointment or control over persons selected for these duties appears to have been invested in some commission; but of whom composed, whether lay or clerical, is not now precisely defined. But sufficient evidence does exist in the above extracts, that the appointment was deemed a post of honour and worthy of record. The explanatory note bears evidence only to the period of the Commonwealth, but these dates bear reference to a far antecedent period, and when the state of the religious community was under widely different principles. Elizabeth was extricating her subjects from Romanism: Cromwell was involving the nation in the confusion consequent on a non-ritual church. Colouring Natural Flowers (2nd S. ii. 371.) — The colour of flowers is changed only by an alteration of the particles of matter forming the petals, and this is produced by chemical decomposition, or by the action of light. It does not depend upon the colour of the water. The question reminds me of a story, that white black flowers. But I never saw it done; nor do I roses budded on black currant trees will produce know any instance of a white man becoming black VECHS. by drinking black tea. "The Innocents" (1st S. ix. 272.) – The Innocents, a Sacred Drama, and other Poems, was written by Mrs. Edwin Toby Caulfield. This lady is also the author of The Deluge, a dramatic poem, published in 1837. R. INGLIS. Inscriptions on Church Bells, Cumnor (2o1 S. ii. 299.) "1. (A.D. 1717.) Henry Knight made me. 4. (A.D. 1620. (T. B. I. C. 1717.) 2. & 3. Churchwardens' Names. 5. Let your hope be in the LORD. E. K. 1623. 6. GOD prosper the Church of England. 1700. Abr. Rudhall." MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A. I think you have not been furnished with the following inscriptions on the six bells of St. Peter's Church, Shaftesbury, which I take from Hutchins' Dorset, vol. ii. p. 427.: "1. A wonder great my eye I fix, Where was but three you may see six. 2. When I do ring, prepare to pray. 3. Wm. Cockey, Bell-founder. 1738. 5. While thus we join in chearful sound, R. Wells, Aldbourne, fecit, 1776. T. H. R. W. C. W. T. P." Celtic Element in the English Language (2nd S. ii. 308.) Perhaps the following works may assist MR. EDEN WARWICK: "The Way to Things by Words, and to Words by Things; being a Sketch of an Attempt at the Retrieval of the Antient Celtic, by John Cleland. 8vo. 1766." Specimen of an Etimological Vocabulary, or Essay, by means of the Analitic Method, to retrieve the Antient Celtic, by John Cleland. 8vo. 1768." 66 "Mona Antiqua Restaurata, an Archæological Discourse on the Antiquities, natural and historical, of the Isle of Anglesey, the ancient Seat of the British Druids; to which is added, a Comparative Table of Primitive Words, &c. &c., by H. Rowland. Second Edition enlarged by Dr. Owen. 4to. 1766." "Celtic Researches on the Origin, Traditions, and Language of the Ancient Britons; with some introductory Sketches on Primitive Society, by E. Davies. Royal 8vo. 1804." "Memoirs of the Celts (containing Specimens of Celtic Dialects, and a Bibliotheca Celtica), by Joseph Ritson. 8vo. 1827." EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. John Knox's Prophecy (2nd S. i. 270.)- His prayer or prophecy here mentioned was not fulfilled. Henry IV. of France was succeeded by his son Louis XIII.; and that monarch by his son Louis XIV. HENRY T. RILEY. Almshouses recently founded (2nd S. ii. 189. 300.) At Lamesley, in the county of Durham, by Maria Susannah Lady Ravensworth, mother of the present peer. E. H. A. men and Founded C. P. E. Gascoigne Almshouses for four old four old women, Aberford, Yorkshire. 1842. Races on Foot by Naked Men (2nd S. ii. 329.)A Query made in "N. & Q." is worth answering, even although its use does not appear to the an swerer. In August, 1855, on the second day of Ayr Races, there were two foot matches run by men naked all but a narrow slip of cloth round their loins. In the first race six ran for a prize of 50l., the distance ten miles, eight times round the racecourse. In the second race the prize was 10l., and the distance half a mile. The appearance of the men did not appear to excite either surprise or dislike among those present; but strong disapprobation was expressed by the journals not of the immediate neighbourhood. The races were not repeated at the meeting of this year. A. M. And again in First Part of Henry IV., Act II. Sc. 1.: "We steal as in a castle, cocksure: we have the receipt of fern seed, we walk invisible." Nor was the use of the word confined to Shakspeare's time. In Hudibras, canto iii. line 11., we have, "Some with a med'cine, and receipt, And in Pope's Essay on Criticism, pt. i. line 114.: "Some drily plain, without invention's aid, Write dull receipts how poems may be made." Doubtless recipe was, some time or other, the usual commencement of a physician's prescription, and was the more correct term for the physician enough call it a receptum. to use; but surely the patient might correctly Perhaps W. E. can produce an early instance of the use of the word recipe. ERICA. Warwick. The last Gibbet erected in England (2nd S. ii. 216. 296.) The last gibbet erected in England derer of Mr. Paas, at Leicester; the body was was for George Cook, aged twenty-two, the murput on a gibbet thirty-three feet high, on Saturday, August 11, 1832, in Saffron Lane, near the Aylestone toll-gate, but was shortly afterwards taken down by an order from the Under-Secretary of State. Pimlico. 66 EDWARD BROOKSHAW. Wong" (2nd S. i. 47.; ii. 79. 237.) - Thoroton (Notts, Thoresby edition, ii. 230., under "Maperley") mentions certain closes under the name of wong, i. e. Basfordwong and Cornerwong. Also, at p. 20. of vol. iii., Thoroton tells us that Raph de Crumwell, 27 E. I., "held a wong (culturam) containing fifteen acres in Birton by the service of one penny per annum." J. SANSOM. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC. It is no small relief to the reviewer, when called upon to notice four goodly octavo volumes, containing between three and four thousand pages, to find on the title the announcement that it is "the Tenth Edition, revised, cor Dunster Church and Cleeve Abbey are very fully illustrated. It is a rected, and brought down to the present Time." These creditable words appear in front of a work now before us - a work of established reputation, and which has now for nearly forty years supplied English readers with a mass of most useful and practical information for their guidance in the study of the Sacred Writings. We need scarcely say that the work we thus refer to is An Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures, by the Rev. Thomas Hartwell Horne, B.D.; but we may state that it is a peculiarity of this new revised and enlarged edition, that in its production the editor has had the cooperation of the Rev. Samuel Davidson, D.D., author of the Treatise on Biblical Criticism, and of the Rev. Samuel Prideaux Tregelles, LL. D., author of Remarks on the Printed Text of the Greek Testament, &c. After sixty years of almost incessant literary toil, the reverend author of the work might well be expected to need assistance in bringing his work up to the present state of biblical learning and each of the writers so called in has been employed in that particular division with which he is most familiar. Thus, while the first volume, which is devoted to a Critical Inquiry into the Genuineness, Authenticity, Uncorrupted Preservation, and Inspiration of the Holy Scriptures, and the third volume containing a Summary of Biblical Geography and Antiquities, are by the original author, volume the second, which is devoted to the Criticism and Interpretation of the Old Testament, as well as the interpretation of the Bible generally, is by Dr. Davidson;-while the fourth volume again, which is devoted to The Literature and Analysis of the New Testament, is in two Parts: the first, containing an Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament, being by Dr. Tregelles, and the second, comprising Copious Critical Prefaces to the New Testament, and Synopses of their Contents, being by the author and Dr. Tregelles; and who have again laboured conjointly at the Appendix to this fourth volume, which contains Bibliographical and Critical Notices of the Principal Editions of the Old and New Testaments, Polyglott Bibles, Ancient Versions of the Scriptures, and the Apocryphal SHAKSPEARE'S LIBRARY. Ed. Collier. 1840-1. Part 4, or the whole Books of the Old and New Testaments. We have thus shown how the great labour of preparing the new edition of this work has been divided; and we cannot better conclude this notice, than in the very words with which the editor winds up his own Preface:-"Such are the plan and object of the work once more submitted to the candour of the public, in the hope that, with the Divine Blessing, it may continue to facilitate the study of the Holy Scriptures, which are able to make us wise unto Salvation through Faith in Christ Jesus." The Transactions of the Surrey Archeological Society, 1854, 1855, Vol. I. Part I., has also reached us. very creditable first number; and the various papers in it show how wide and rich a field the Archeologists of Surrey have to cultivate. The Transactions of the London and Middlesex Archæological Society, Vol. I., Part I., has likewise just been issued. It is altogether a most creditable volume. It is varied in its contents, the papers, many of them, being very able ones, well printed and got up, and nicely illustrated; and altogether an admirable specimen of what a Local Archæological Society can do. The appearance of the various transactions, not only of The Archaological Institute and The Archeological Association, but of the various Local Societies, points unmistakeably to the necessity for some great change in the printing department of The Society of Antiquaries. Might it not be worth the while of that venerable Society to consider whether, in the present state of antiquarian literature, its means and influence might not now be better employed in the production of a New Series of The Vetusta Monumenta than in continuing The Archaologia? Under the title of The Eighteenth Century, or Illustrations of the Manners and Customs of our Grandfathers, Mr. Alexander Andrews, a frequent contributor to these columns, has given us a gossiping collection of "shreds and patches" on almost every phase of our social condition in the past century, which will be read with considerable interest and amusement; and would have been really valuable as a book of reference, had Mr. Andrews quoted his authorities more strictly, and given us an Index. The Somersetshire Archæological and Natural History Society have just published their Proceedings for the Year 1855. It is quite equal to its predecessors in amount of information, if not quite so varied in its character. BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WILLIS'S CURRENT NOTES. September, 1856. *** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, carriage free, to be Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are given for that purpose: SHAKSPEARE'S WORKS. With Variorum Notes. 1813. 21 Vols. 8vo. work. Wanted by Z. A. H., Post Office, Dartmouth Row, Blackheath. Natices to Correspondents, We cannot undertake to return Papers which are not inserted. N. H S. will find the Lines on London, which he desires to see, in our 1st S. vii. 258. SIR THOMAS MORE'S HOUSE AT CHELSEA. The gentleman who forwarded the curious article on this subject, inserted in " N. & Q." of Oct 25, is requested to say where a letter may be addressed to him. C. H. We should like to see some specimens of the proposed articles. There is, no doubt, much early mythology mixed up with the names of plants. J. H. A. BONE (Cleveland, Ohio) will find the Carol he wants in Sandys' Christmas Carols, p. 157. C. M. T. The sign of The Grave Maurice is that of the" Graf Maurice," and refers either to Maurice of Nassau, or Maurice, the brother of Prince Rupert. ERRATA.-2nd S. ii. 406. col. 2. 1. 22., for "Fop" read "Trump "; p. 419. col. 2. 1. 42., for" in the green" read" in the grain." "NOTES AND QUERIES" is published at noon on Friday, and is also issued in MONTHLY PARTS. The subscription for STAMPED COPIES for warded direct from the Publishers (including the Half-yearly INDEX) is 118. 4d., which may be paid by Post Office Order in favour of MESSES. BELL AND DALDY, 186. FLEET STREET; to whom also all COMMUNICATIONS FOR THE EDITOR should be addressed. LONDON, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1856. Notes. STRAY NOTES ON EDMUND CURLL, HIS LIFE, AND PUBLICATIONS. No. 7.-Curll's Correspondence with Bishop Kennett and Sir Robert Walpole. We fear our present chapter will be considered by the reader a very desultory one: we trust the next will not exhibit the same defect. We shall in this pass through the period from 1718 to 1725, during which time there can be little doubt that Curll, despite his assertion to Walpole that he had in a manner left off his business for the purpose of serving the Government, was pretty active as a publisher. For instance, in 1720 appeared: Doom's Day, or the Last Judgment; a Poem written by the Right Honourable William Earl of Sterline: London, printed for E. Curll, next the Temple Coffee House in Fleet Street; and sold by C. Rivington (and others). Price 1s. It has a short preface, signed "A. Johnstoun;" but in the copy before us, there is written in a hand nearly, if not quite, contemporary, “i. e. Edm. Curll.” In 1721, we find him in a correspondence with Bishop Kennett, in an apparently vain endeavour to obtain his Lordship's sanction to his reprinting the Bishop's Translations of Erasmus's Praise of Folly and Pliny's Panegyric. The following are the Letters which passed between them. They are preserved in the Lansdown MS., 1038., fol. 96.: "To the Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Peterborough, at his house in Petty France, Westminster. "Nov. 4, 1721. My Lord, "Having lately purchased the copyright of two pieces formerly translated by your Lordship (Erasmus's Praise of Folly, and Pliny's Panegyrick†), both which I intend speedily to reprint; but will not send them to the press till I know your Lordship's mind whether you would be pleased to revise them, or whether they may be reprinted as they are. In hopes of being favoured with your Lordship's answer, I am, my Lord, your Lordship's most dutiful and most obedient humble Servant, "From my house over against Catherine-street in the Strand." "E. CURLL. who had invested them in the right only of a single impression. "If you had a just right to the copies, I cannot think the reprinting of them will tend much to the service of the world or to your own interest. Such trifles cannot be vendible, especially when Mr. Smith has published a later translation.* I know the first translator did them when a boy at Oxford, and as an exercise imposed by his tutor, who seemed to commend them to the press, and yet did not live to correct them. They were both finished in the reign of King Charles II., though one of them was not published till the beginning of the reign of James II. In short, I cannot think it advisable for you to reprint them, nor can I possibly take the pains to revise them. I hope there is no obscenity, or other wrong lust in them, to deceive the people into catching at them. If you despise my advice, you had best however take care to insert no name of a writer but what you find in the old title pages, for you know property and privilege are valuable things. I am, your loving friend "WHITE PETERBOROUGH. "Pliny and the Essay of Erasmus can never run so well in English as in the Latin." refusal; and in the following reply, he defends Curl was not likely to be satisfied with this himself from the charges brought against him in Mist's Journal- charges obviously hinted at in the conclusion of the Bishop's Letter: "MY LORD, "Nov. 7, 1721. "In a ready compliance with your Lordship's request. this is to inform you, that the copyright of Pliny and Erasmus were purchased by Mr. Swalle and Mr. Nicholson, and though you are pleased to say you vested the original printers of them but in the right of a single impression, yet I dare say, my Lord, you had never any thoughts of resuming them, because I am assured you gave them both without any premium. "There have already been two editions of Erasmus; and the expence Mr. Nicholson was at by engraving Holbein's cuts in above fifty copper-plates, gave the book a new turn, and makes it, among the rest of our translations from the Latin, very saleable, as it deserves to be.t "As to Pliny, I knew Mr. Smith of North Nibley and his abilities: his version will never be worth reviving, it being too liable to the just observations your Lordship has made upon Sir Robert Stapylton's former translation.‡ Besides, my design in reprinting yours, I am promised some Select Epistles of Pliny, to subjoin to it. And I humbly hope, since I have paid to Mr. Nicholson's exe cutors a considerable sum of money for these two translations and the plates of Holbein, that your Lordship will be pleased to revise them for a new edition, being content to wait your Lordship's leisure; and as I had the happiness of your brother's friendship, and received many favours from him, so I hope my conduct will in no affair prove disagreeable to your Lordship. I am sorry, my Lord, that rumour only (or some idle paragraphs, inserted against me, in that sink of scandal, Mist's Journal, wherein the best characters have been traduced) should move your Lordship to cast an aspersion upon me from *Pliny's Panegyric, translated by George Smith. London, 1702, 8vo. The Praise of Folly. To which is prefixed Erasmus's Epistle to Sir Thomas More, and an Account of Hans Holbeines Pictures, &c., and where to be seen. London, 1709, 8vo., with portrait, and forty-six plates. Pliny's Panegyricke, translated by Sir Robert Stapylton, Knt. Oxon, 1644, 4to. |