own. The four chapters superscribed The English Abroad' contain excellent lessons. of In the second volume, a new sort of Dandy is well satirized under the title of An Anglo-Italian,' whom we shall contribute to expose. Sitting with my old friend Moneypenny, of Philpot-Lane, at an open window of the Hôtel des Princes, my ears were charmed by the voice of a person singing a recitative in a most theatrical style. It appeared to me to be the harmony of a female, and I leaned over the window to ascertain whether such scientific strains were allowed to waste their sweetness on the desart air.” There were no vocal or instrumental performers about the door: but the sounds came nearer and nearer; at length the recitative ended with "a dying fall," and was dove-tailed into a grand opera-air; I looked amazed and enchanted, and was just about to enquire what accomplished cantatrice lodged on the same floor, when a deep tenor-note made me doubt the sex. Here the old merchant shook his head and cried, "Poor stuff, I cannot bear it." At this moment the door flew open, and a fine young man appeared in a chintz night-gown, his white neck and bosom open, like a lady's, a fantastic Tyrolean cap upon his head, loose trowsers, no stockings, and a pair of lemon-coloured morocco slippers; he had a lute in one hand, and held the door in the other in a very graceful statue-like attitude; neither was he unmanly in bfeature, nor in that finish to a male face, (the sine qua non of masculine beauty,) a becoming beard; but the nudity of the bust, the fancy-dress, the studied position, affected smile, and profes sional voice, were not exactly à mon goût. "I beg pardon," said he, as he half retired: "but I say, Sir, (to the old merchant,) has my Venetian scoundrel made his appearance with the Cimatroso's music? is my violoncello come back from the shop? and have these cursed douaniers, worse than Goths, Vandals, Huns, Hottentots, or barbarians, restored my box filled with ogetti, dear to my soul,-casts, intaglioes, alto relievos, rare books and antiques, which I would not exchange for a kingdom?, and is my Signor Segretario returned from his embassy ?". "Jack,” cried old square-toes, "I know nothing about your fooleries, nor will I pay the immense sums for the Here the young man interrupted him in a contralto note "for the most rare and divine acquisitions, who must find themselves very much astonished if ever they sojourn in Phil-pot Lane" (making two distinct syllables of the word, and pronouncing it in a contemptuous tone). "Ma," resumed he, "scusate mi," and closing the door, gracefully withdrew. 1 - 4 A Jack-o'-napes," exclaimed old Ready Rhino. But who is he?" enquired I." Why my glorious son, a fellow whom I bred up to the counter and intended for business; my only child whom I looked to for to represent me when I was no more; to inherit inherit the firm and to make a second fortune, instead of being like a mountebank or a strolling player, or the non-naturals of the opera-cattle. I sent the fool to Leghorn with a ship of mine to dispose of the produce and to get in some bad debts: when, lo and behold you! he wrote me word that it would be highly to the benefit of our house if he remained six months in order to perfect" himself in Italian; and I like an old numskull complied, giving him unlimited credit, which he was not backward in using. Then again, he persuaded me to let him go a wild-goose chase to Rome, and all over Sicily and Italy; and next he got a fall from his horse, and must go to the baths at Lucca for the recovery of strains, whilst I was straining every nerve at home to earn money for the coxcomb; and next he must draw upon me for a thousand at Genoa, and for twice as much from Naples, for trash which he called valuables. Then I hears of him at the Carnival at Venice, and then again at Naples, living like man and wife with a titled trollop; and at last I was obliged to set off for Paris, and to write' him word that I would cut him off with a shilling, if he did not come and meet me immediately, so that I might bring him home, and either put him in a counting-house, or a strait-waistcoat. With his conoscentis, and dilettantis, his vapour-baths, vapouring idiot! and his being cavaliere servente to a duchess, and I don't know what besides, the rascal's ruined, and I am disappointed and undone. An only child, the prop of my age. is it not enough to bring my grey hairs with sorrow to the grave, after an absence of three years ?" Well, my good friend," said I," but all is not lost; the young man is very accomplished; he plays, sings, speaks foreign languages, and he may grow steadier by and by." Why, Sir, would you believe it," said old Moneypenny," he has absolutely refused a share in the business? he says that if I will not allow him five hundred per ann. abroad, he will live there either on his operatical talents, or turn translator or interpreter; but forsooth he must breathe the soft air of Italy, d-n all other airs! and1 must have his chocolata, devil choke the inventors o't; and his iced water and macaroni, as if he wasn't macaroni enough himself; and he cannot exist without foreign singing and an outlandish mistress. There's a pretty turn out for a tradesman's son! not to mention all the money and all the heart-aches which he has cost The old man looked wretched. "His baggage," resumed he, has half bankrupted me in duties; and he now wants to take over a waggon load full, and a fellow whom he calls his secretary; but I hope that the effects may be confiscated and the fellow be hanged before either reach old Philpot Lane. What am I to do, my worthy friend?". me. * I replied, that it was a pity that father and son should separate; though I was fearful that it would be difficult to assimilate the habits of the young man to a mercantile life; I was, however, willing to try, and persuade him as far as I could, and that each must give up something in order to come to an amicable ..arrange arrangement," the old man thanked me, and I set off with my parlementaire to the Anglo-Italian. Terms. 1. A demand of five hundred per annum, as pocket-money, if forced to pine amongst the cobwebs of the city. Agreed. 2. Chocolate for breakfast, macaroni for dinner, with poultry, light wines, and ices daily. Agreed. 3. A silver ticket for the Opera. Agreed (after a demur). 4. Only to be a sleeping partner in the trade. Agreed (with a sigh). 5. Not to be expected to sleep in town. Agreed. Refused. 7. To retain Signor Segretario. Refused (but agreed to pay him off handsomely). 8. Not to be expected to see or associate with uncle the packer, nor cousin the oil-man, nor any of the city neighbours, oftener than once per ann. Agreed. 9. Not to be called Jack. Agreed (but the name of Giovanni not suiting father, to be called Mr. M.). 10. To be allowed to visit Italy once in two years. Agreed. These articles were signed in form; the old merchant merely making the following observation: "I have brought my pigs to a fine market." Having made father and son shake hands, and hearing the post-horses ordered for the next day, I took a farewell leave of my old acquaintance, with whom I got connected from our being governors of the same charitable institution. I rather doubt whether the treaty will hold long, but I trust that time may bring the only child of a worthy industrious man to his senses. This portrait may appear a little highly coloured, or overcharged, but if my reader has an opportunity of seeing a number of our countrymen, who have resided for some time in Italy, and who have imbibed its soft enervated taste, he will witness for himself such things as are here described.' Among the new and original delineations of local usage, which have escaped the notice of other travellers, may especially be remarked A Pilgrimage to Halle, three Leagues from Brussels; and The Day of Promises: both of which chapters describe peculiarities of the Flemings that have not hitherto been recorded. This work bears much resemblance to the "Sentimental Journey" of Sterne, though it is not equal in execution, Both attempt characteristic pictures of French nature in its more prominent varieties; and both wander" from grave to gay, from lively to severe," with desultory caprice and versatile emotion. In Sterne we have more of intuition; in the Hermit more of observation: -in Sterne, of feeling; in the Hermit, of sarcasm:-in Sterne, of grace; in the Hermit, of cari cature: cature:-in Sterne, of condensation; in the Hermit, of repetition. Many phænomena are noticed by the Hermit which have originated since Sterne's time: but, for the very reason that he attends to the fugacious, he will not preserve so perpetual an interest. was ART. VIII. Observations on some of the General Principles, and on the particular Nature and Treatment, of the different Species of Inflammation; being, with Additions, the Substance of an Essay to which the Jacksonian Prize, for the Year 1818, adjudged by the Royal College of Surgeons. By J. H. James, Surgeon to the Devon and Exeter Hospital, &c. 8vo. pp. 328. 10s. 6d. Boards. Underwoods. THE subject of inflammation being of vast importance in medical science, it has occupied the pens of some of our most eminent professional writers, and still offers a rich field for the labors of the diligent and ingenious inquirer. It is essential to inflammation, that the part in which it is seated should contain a greater quantity of arterial blood than it did before the inflammatory state commenced; and hence arise swelling, increased redness in external parts, exalted sensibility, and augmented temperature. The process of inflammation, also, is opposed to that of nutrition, for its tendency is to injure and destroy the perfect organization of the living solid. During the inflamed condition of a part, the repair of that waste which is continually taking place throughout the animated frame is there wholly interrupted; while absorption is going on with its wonted, or with much increased, rapidity. The practical application of this doctrine is sufficiently familiar in surgery. Inflammation no doubt frequently terminates in an effusion of plastic lymph, which coagulates, and after a time becomes organized: but it is to be observed, that the throwing out of this liquid tends to put a period to the inflammation, and that no attempt at organization takes place until inflammation has ceased. Did the inflamed state of the part continue after effusion had occurred, suppuration would be the consequence. ation of some morbid growths appears to be effected by t The formsuccessive effusion of portions of plastic lymph, and its subsequent imperfect organization: but this is unquestionably different from true nutrition, in which no effusion of lymph takes place, but each tissue receives an increase of a substance similar to itself; muscle being added to muscle, ligament to ligament, and so forth. the 2 Many Many writers, however, and among others Mr. James, have compared the condition of an inflamed part to that of one which is receiving an increase of organized substance; and he has instanced, in proof of similarity, the growth of stags' horns, and the development of the uterus and its contents during pregnancy. Richeraud has even compared an inflamed part to a new organ, in which there is an excess of life but the nutrient processes, instanced above, are altogether different from inflammation; for in them no loss of balance occurs between the capillaries and the arterial branches with which they communicate. A manifest increase of the uterine arteries takes place in pregnancy, and a similar change is noted in the vessels which feed the sprouting horns of the stag: but in neither, when the processes are healthy, do we observe permanent turgescence of the capillaries. These vessels, indeed, gradually enlarge, and become arterial branches, while new capillaries are formed to supply the place of those which have undergone this change. In inflammation, on the other hand, the capillaries, according to universal observation, dilate and become turgid: but no other vessels of this description are formed in their place, and for that very reason nutrition is at a stand in truly inflamed parts, since it is by these vessels that the nutrient process is accomplished. Mr. James asserts, on the authority of Dr. Hennen, (Military Surgery,) that the hair grows faster on an inflamed than on a sound portion of skin: but, admitting the fact, (which our own observation does not enable us to verify,) it cannot be adduced in proof of the similarity of inflammation and nutrition, unless we believe that in such cases the bulbs of the hair are themselves inflamed. Is there not strong reason to think, that inflammation of the hair-bulbs would speedily produce not increased growth but destruction of the hair? The state of an inflamed part receives a curious illustration from those congenital vascular tumours occasionally seen, when we have at once tumefaction from an excessive supply of arterial blood, throbbing, and considerable increase of temperature. It would be absurd to say that such humours are specimens of perpetual inflammation; yet certainly they are nearly allied to that state. The condition of the capillary vessels of an inflamed part has presented an interesting object of research to our modern physiologists, and many experiments have been instituted to determine the point at issue. Are the turgid capillaries of an inflamed part, in a weakened state, incapable of forcing on their contents with healthy rapidity; or are they dilated, but acting with more than natural vigor? The question is |