Imatges de pàgina
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não dia 222 Jokey Jower i. e. Pshaw! do not bring the dirty thing before me. ae, LOND i. e. Hark! this worldly life is fleeting.

Note. Properly speaking, the Interjection has no grammatical relation with any other word in

the sentence.

357. Sometimes, two Interjections are used together; e. g., i. e. Oh, alas, we are undone (lost).

358. Any other part of speech expressive of any feeling is often used in the place of an Interjection; e. ..., ಪಾಪ! ಆ ಬಡವಣಿಯು ಏನು ಮಾಡು 35. e. Pity! what will the poor fellow do?,

(13). Uses of Imitative Sounds:

ಅನುಕರಣಕ (ಆನುಕರಣಾವ್ಯಯ) ಗಳ ಪ್ರಯೋಗಗಳು,

359. The following are some of the

most common Imitative words as well as the names of sounds which they imitate:

o the cry of a cow or calf;

శంబిణిలో the sound of brass or glass;

ಕಚಕಚ

ses the noice of a talk;

JEFR a sound in eating;

Ggzy2, bgzg3 the sound of rice etc. when near

boiling;

the tinkling of small cymbals

or bells on the feet;

the

crowing of a cock;

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the noise made by a rolling stone; the noise made in laughing;

the report of thunder;

* ಢಾ *ಘಣಲು, ರ್ಘಣಿಲು the sound of bells;

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the noise of sawing;

ಘಲನ್, ಫ್ಲಫಲನ್, ಘಲನೆ Pepe the sound of spherical small bells;

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the roaring of an elephant;

F the grunting of a wild boar;

ಚಟಚಟ, ಚಟಪುಟನೆ, ಚಟಚಟನೆ ಚಟಪುಟ crashing creaking breaking noise; ಚುರಚುರ, ಚುರಚುರನೆ, ಚುರಚುರ) the hissing sound of frying, burning with a hot iron, hot metal in water etc. 3858, 7858 clacking or creaking noise; ಫಟಿಕುಟಕ್ಕನೆ ಥಟಕ್ಕನೆ, ಫಳ ಫಳನೆ the smack or report of a whip; ಫಡಫರ, ಫಲ a rushing sound as of a sky rocket; the noise of dancing;

ಝಂಕಾರ, ಝೇಂಕಾರ a buzz o" humming:

pop the jingling of leg ornaments; ಝಣಝಣನೆ, ಝಝಣನೆ, ಝಕಾಯನೆ the tinkling of

bells on the feet;

ಝವಝ ಮನೆ the humming of beest

858 the twang of a bowstring;
BoBo Bo the sound of a tambour;
gg the sound made by urning bamboos;
ಡಂಡಣ್ಣನೆ, ಡಂಕಣ್ಣನೆ the sound of a large drum;
the report of a gun;

ಡುಬಡುಬು,

ಈ ಮುದವು, ಭಂಭೋಂ the different sounds of drums;

ಧಡ ಧಡನೆ, ಧಡಭಡನೆ the bubbling noise of boiling Water or the noise of the feet in running;

clashing or flapping noise;

agg the noise of a scorpion etc. moving; ಭುಗುಭಾಗಿಲು ಭಗ ಧಗ tbe noise of fire in burning; the mewing of a cat;

ಅಬಾಬ ಲಬೋ ಲಬ, ಲಬೆಲಬೆ, & noise made by erying and beating the mouth; ಕುಚ್ಚನ the noise of a lizard;

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5. the noise made by a small fire.

Uses of the Particles:

ನಿತಗಳ ಪ್ರಯೋಗಗಳು,

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are

360. ಆ and are interrogative particles. Any one of these is affixed at the end of a sentence when asking a question to any person; is used only in the second person, but and applied in all persons; as, ನೀನು ಆ ಸಪ್ಪಳವನ್ನು ಕೇಳಿದೆ. 25? ( Bego +) i. e. Did you hear the sound? ನೀವು ಅದನ್ನು ಮಾಡುವಿರಾ ? . Will you do that? ಬಡವ ≈ɔ wg☎ɔɔñse? i.e. Can a poor man not be wealthy(at some time or other)?? i.e. Is he poor! VIR Now? i, e. Did Rama come?,: _ ? i. e. Did they come?

361. is also used as an emphatical affix; as, 33i.e. This very house. osi. e. That very door. i.e. We ourselves went there. (See art: 241 ).

362. The paticle & or & sometimes expresses a doubt; as, j) BABja ugi. e. (I cannot tell or I doubt whether) he went or not. Rozoe i.. Whether it is a plant or creeper, I know not (-I doubt).

What are not found in Canarese Grammar.

1. Articles (AKÇI ).

363. There are no articles in Canarese. Therefore, where the articles are used purely as such in English, they are omitted in they are omitted in Canarese; as, Rama has a coat. You are a fool i,e. 215) BIDDERS. The sun . The dog barks i. ನೀನು e, Jɔwɔ w the Arabian Sea i, e.

3.

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364. Sometimes o (one) is used for the indefinite article a or an; but even there, means a certain; as, There ( certain) forest. . . ಒಂದು ನಾಲ್ಕು ಮಂಗಗಳು ಇದ್ದವು.

were four monkeys in a ( ಬಂದಾನೆಂದು ) ಅರಣ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ

Note. If the word which follows the indefinite article is masculine or feminine should be used;

i, e.

as, ಒಬ್ಬ ಅರಸನಿಗೆ ಇಬ್ಬರು ಮಕ್ಕಳಿದ್ದರು . . A ( certain ) king had two sons. (See art 113).

de

365. When the is used as a remote monstrative adjective rather th an as the definite article, the best substitute for it in Canarese is ಆ; as, ಆ ಮನೆ ನನ್ನದು . . The house is mine, ಆ ಹು Bad (i. e. that particular)

boy is idle.

i. e. The

2. Nominative Absolute.

363. In Canarese, there is no exact equivalent for the the English "nominative absolute It may be called 2. However, there is no material difference between English and Canarǝse as regards the construction of a sentence with a nominative absolute in it, except that the particle is generally affixed to the Canarese participle attached to the nominative absolute; as

ಬರುತ್ತದೆ ಕೋಗಿಗಳು ಉರಿಯ ಹತ್ತಿದವು 1, 6, The spring having approached, the cuckooes began singing.

Instead of the conjunctive participle (3), the infinitive is often attached to the nominative absolute; as, ಯುದ್ಧವು ಮುಗಿಯಲು, ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷರ ಸೈನ್ಯವು ಕಲ 3⁄4 son Boca i. e. The war being closed, the English army returned to Calcutta.

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agy Te side BKT SÆBKT) i, e. He being killed, all the soldiers fled away.

3. Apposition.

are

367. In Canarese, unlike in English, nouns or pronouns referring to the same person not put in apposition, and therefore do not agree in case. Such nouns in apposition in English are, when rendered into Canarese, used as adjectives with ಆದ, ಉಳ್ಳ, ಎಂಬ or added on to them. These are called derivative adjectives (See art: 100); as, William the conqueror i. e. 2 DI 3. Valmiki, the author of Ramayana i. e. ರಾಮಾಯಣದ ಗ್ರಂಥಕರ್ತನಾದ ವಾಲ್ಮೀಕಿಯು,

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