ONIES, WEIGHTS, &c.—PARIS, A 1023 for liquid measure, and is the cube of the palm; h litre. Its divisions are the maatje and a vat or cask, which equals the French MONIES, WEIGHTS, &c.—NAPLES. the confines of Europe to become great depôts of Such was the case Turkey, both European and Asiatic. The ning by these means not only acquired irit of enterprise and commerce, and the effect still continues in a considerting cause has in a great measure = (wheat, barley, and Indian The average exportation of being about 55 lb. Of 30,000 bales; each 90,000 lb. Timber Fean. digo, cochineal, wheat, bar e. 1021 led into 12 ounces, 96 drachms, Me.. s to 375 grammes, or 5787 ̧ramme.... ONG MEASURE. .. Metre .... SQUARE MEASURE. .e bunder. = .nte roede.. = Deciare.... cante elle...... Metre carré erkante palm..... Decimetre carré. Vierkante duim.... Centimetre carré. Vierkante streep.... Millimetre carré. CUBIC MEASURE. = = Kubicke elle..... =.. Stere, or metre cube = ... DRY MEASURE. Mudde, or zak... =.. Hectolitre.. = .. Decalitre.. =.. Litre... .. Decilitre. = Schepel.. Кор Maatje. Kan ,26419 Maatje. Vingerhoed.. PARIS is too far remote from the sea to be what is strictly termed ' a commercial city," but it is nevertheless the centre of ail the commerce of the kingdom, almost every great mercantile house in the cities, and seaports, Bourdeaux, Havre, Lyons, Marseilles, &c. having WEIGHTS. The cantaro gresso contains 100 rottoli and weighs 196 lb. English. The cantaro piccolo = 106 lb. English. And therefore 100 lb. avoirdupois = 51 rottoli. The carro of corn is divided into 36 tomoli. The tomolo contains 1 English bushels. The regular pipe of wine or brandy is equal to sixty-six velts, or 132 English gallons. The canna contains eight palmi, and is equal to 6 feet 11 inches English. A carrata of pipe staves is composed of four squares, 5 palmi long. 100 carrati contain about 3800 staves. Most articles of export are purchased for ready money; on most import articles, two to four months' credit is generally given, and on British manufactured goods even longer. The charges on sales, including commission, are generally from six to eight per cent. KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS. NEW SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. In 1816 a new system of weights and measures was decreed for the kingdom of the Netherlands, to commence in 1820. It is founded on the metrical and decimal system of France, but with the old vocabulary of names. The pond is the unit of weight, and answers to the French kilogramme. Its divisions are the ons, lood, wigtje, and korrel. The elle, which is the unit or element of long measure, equals the French metre. Its decimal divisions are the palm, duim, and streep; and its decimal multiples, the roede and mijle. The vierkante elle, or square ell, is the unit of superficial measures; and answers to the centiare or metre carré of France. Its divisions are the vierkante palm, vierkante duim, and vierkante streepe; and its multiples, the vierkante roede and vierkante bunder. The kubicke elle is the unit of measures of capacity; and equals the French stere. Its divisions are the kubicke palm, kubicke duim, and kubicke streep. The term wisse is given to a kubicke elle of fire-wood. The kop is the unit of measures for dry wares, and is the cube of the palm; answering to the French litre. Its division is the maatje, and its multiples the schepel and mudde; the latter is also called the zuk, and equals the French hectolitre. 30 mudden make 1 last. The kan is the unit for liquid measure, and is the cube of the palm; it corresponds to the French litre. Its divisions are the maatje and vingerhoed, and 100 kans make a vat or cask, which equals the French hectolitre. The apothecary's new pound is divided into 12 ounces, 96 drachms, 288 scruples, or 5760 grains; and answers to 375 grammes, or 5787 English grains. Table of the Weights and Measures of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, compared with those of France and England. = Vierkante elle...... Metre carré Kubicke elle..... =.. Stere, or metre cube = .... 3,955 perches. 0,3955 10,7644 sq. feet. . 15,500 sq. inch. 1,550 . 35,3170 cubic ft. 3,5317 0,35317 .. Centilitre.. ,0026419 PARIS is too far remote from the sea to be what is strictly termed ' a commercial city," but it is nevertheless the centre of ail the commerce of the kingdom, almost every great mercantile house in the cities, and seaports, Bourdeaux, Havre, Lyons, Marseilles, &c. having a correspondent here; bills from foreign countries being generally mad payable here; and in short, being the place where the exchange busines of the kingdom is principally transacted. The exchanges are— for £1 sterling. for 3 francs. On London ....25 francs 20 cents PETERSBURG, like Paris, is the centre and emporium of th commercial concerns of the kingdom, of which it is the capita through however many channels conveyed, and these are necessarily numerous in this vast and diversified empire. There are no less tha twelve principal ports, beside inferior ones, which contribute to the commerce of this capital and nation; viz. Abo, Archangel, Arensburg Cronstadt, Liebau, Odessa, (a free port,) Pernau, Revel, Riga, Taganrog, Theodosia, and Wyburg. The exports from Russia to this country, are hemp, flax, tallow. iron, tar, pitch, linseed, ashes, and some timber. For hemp, Riga is the best place in the Baltic, and Petersburg the next; that which is exported from the other ports is inferior in quality and proportionably dearer. For pass-hemp and tow, Liebau is a good place. Riga is also the chief port for ashes and flax, the sorting of the latter being very strictly attended to there; the quality from Pernau is equally good, and the sorting even better, but the quantity exported bears no comparison to that from Riga. Tallow is regularly cheaper at Petersburg than in the other parts of the Baltic; it is also the best port in Russia for iron. For linseed, Riga and Pernau are the best places. Timber is mostly exported from Archangel, Riga, Pernau, and Wyburg: oak timber from Riga only. Archangel is the best place for tar. It was formerly the principal port in the Russian dominions, and it still exports in prodigious quantities, tar, deals, piten, hemp, tallow, iron, and mats, with a less considerable quantity of linseed and leather. In ordering goods from Archangel, it is usual to remit the amount to a house at Petersburg, which sends the money in specie to Archangel by post. Of late a bank has been established at Petersburg, under imperial authority, which promises to confer great facilities on commercial negotiations, and transmissions of payments, being both a discount and deposit establishment. The principal imports are coffee, sugar, and other colonial produce, indigo, dyewoods, spices, cottontwist, salt, &c.; but both exports and imports are best exemplified by the annexed tariff. The following regulations for the importation of foreign goods are strictly enforced :— All goods imported must be accompanied by the following do cuments. 1. The declaration of the captain, according to the form ordered by the custom-house. 2. An attestation from the Russian consul, and, where there is no consul, from the custom-house of the place, of the quantity and quality of the goods, and a declaration that they are not the produce, manufacture, or property of an enemy's country. 3. Bills of lading of all goods, in which the weight, measure, or quantity of each package must be specified. In case the bills of lading are not exactly after this regulation, the goods pay the double duty, as a fine. In case more be found than specified in the bill of lading; the surplus is confiscated; if less be found, the duty must be paid on the quantity specified. Of wine, it is not sufficient to specify the number of pipes, or hogsheads, only, but also their contents in gallons, &c. Of lemons, the number in each box must be specified. Of manufactured goods, the measure of each piece must be specified, and the number of pieces in each bale. 40 lb. in St. Petersburg are equal to about 36 lb. English, or 100 lb. Russian = 901 lb. English; and therefore 100 lb. English 110,785 lb. Russian. 1 tshetwert is equal to about 518 Winchester bushels; or 100 tshetwerts = 74 quarters English. 1 wedro is equal to about 3 gallons in London. 1 sashen is equal to 7 English feet. 1 arshine is equal to 28 English inches. The English inch and foot are used throughout Russia. |