A Treatise on Mine-surveying

accuracy accurate adjusted back-sight base-line bearing bore-hole brass calculated centre chain City Guilds clamped clinometer coal colliery collimation colour compass compass-box contour lines cord corner cosec cotan cross-wires curve determined direction distance employed equal error fathoms feet fixed fore-sight glass graduated ground height hole horizontal circle inches inches in diameter inclination instrument intersection latitude length lode magnetic bearing magnetic meridian magnetic-needle marked means measured method metres mine-surveying miner's dial mines needle observations obtained offsets Ordnance Survey parallel parallel ruler perpendicular placed plane plate plotting plumb-bob plumb-line plummet position protractor represented right angles safety-lamp scale seam shaft side Silver King spirit-level square staff station station-line strike and dip surface surface-surveys survey tacheometer tacheometry taken tangent screw telescope theodolite transit-theodolite traverse triangle tripod tube underground vernier vernier-plate vertical angles wire yards zero