582. The base of the third class is formed in three ways. a. By adding in to the root (see 85. V), before which affix changes take place similar to those required before the causal affix aya (481, 482, 483); as, from, afta kárin, ‘a doer;' from (488), af ghátin, a killer;' from ft, f, 'a sleeper: y being inserted after roots in á (483); as, from, f, 'a drinker;' from ¿1, ¿1fa7 dáyin, a giver.' They are inflected at 159. b. By adding aka to the root (see 80. IV), before which affix changes take place analogous to those before the causal aya (481, 482, 483); as, from ☎, káraka, ‘a doer,' 'doing;' from eft, 1 náyaka, ‘a leader,' 'leading;' from , gráhaka; from सिध्, साधक; from हन्, घातक; from दुष्, दूषक; from क्रम्, क्रमक; from नन्द्, नन्दक; from स्था, स्थापक. c. By adding ana to some few roots ending in consonants (see 80. V), after changes similar to those required before the causal affix; as, from, nandana, rejoicing;' from u, u, Observe-The inflection of the last two follows that of the first class of nouns at 103. EXAMPLES OF PRIMITIVE VERBS IN THE TEN CLASSES, AND OF DERIVATIVE VERBS INFLECTED AT FULL. 583. We begin by giving a synopsis of the inflection of the primitive forms of the ten roots: budh, ' to know,' Ist c.; π nṛit, 'to dance,' 4th c.; fe dis, to point out,' 6th c.; yuj, to unite,' 10th c.; fa vid, to know,' 2d c.; ✈ bhṛi, to bear,' 3d c.; fire bhid, 'to break,' 7th c.; fa chi, 'to gather,' 5th c.; tan, to stretch,' 8th c.; pú, to purify,' 9th c.: grouping together, first, the 1st, 4th, 6th, and 10th classes; then the 2d, 3d, and 7th; and lastly, the 5th, 7th, and 9th, for the reasons stated at 257. In the next place, the passive forms of these ten roots will be synoptically exhibited, followed by the present tense of the causal desiderative and frequentative forms, and the participles. Examples will then be given of primitive verbs of all the ten classes (according to the grouping at 257), inflected at full; and under every verb the derivative forms and participles will be indicated. Lastly, a full example will be given of each of the four kinds of derivative verbs, passives, causals, desideratives, and frequentatives. INFLECTION OF THE BASE OF PRIMITIVE VERBS OF THE TEN CLASSES OR CONJUGATIONS. vet * 7. Bhid vit vid vit vid bodhá bodha bodha bodhá bodha bodha bodhá bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodhá bodha bodha bodhá bodha bodha vid vid vid vid bibhṛi | bibhṛi || bibhr bhind puná puná* puná puní chino chino chino chinu chinu chinu chinu chinu chinw pun Observe-The base is to be united with the terminations: thus, 1st sing. Pres. Parasmai, bodhá+mi = bodhámi, 2d sing. bodha +si = bodhasi, 3d sing. bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha nritya nritya nṛitya nritya nritya nṛitya nṛitya nṛitya nṛitya nritya nṛitya nṛitya nṛitya nṛitya nṛitya nṛitya nṛitya nritya disa disa disa disa disa disa disa disa disa disa disa disa disa disa disa disa disa disa yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya yojaya vid vid vid vid vid vid vid vid vid bibhri bibhri bibhri bibhri bibhri bibhri bibhri bibhri bibhri bhind bhind bhind bhind bhind bhind bhind bhind bhind chinu chinu chinu chinu chinu chinu chinu chinu chinu tanu tanu tanu tanu tanu tanu tanu tanu tanu puní puní puní puní puní puní puní puní puní 1. 4. 6. 10. iyam is vid vid vid vid vid vid vid vid vid bibhr bibhr bibhr bibhr bibhr bibhr bibhr bibhr bibhr bhind bhind bhind bhind bhind bhind bhind bhind bhind chinw chinw chinw chinw chinw chinw chinw chinw chinw tanw tanw tanw tanw tanw tanw tanw tanw tanw pun pun pun pun pun pun pun pun pun Bb it iva itam itám ima ita iyus iya íthás ita ívahi iyáthám íyátám ímahi idhwam íran 2.3.7.5.8.9.} yám yás yát yáva yátam yátám yama yáta yus Observe-As the base in the 1st group of conjugations ends in a, and the terminations begin with i, these two vowels will blend into e by 32: thus, bodha+iyam bodheyam, bodha+is = bodhes, &c.; Atmane, bodha+iya=bodheya. PARASMAI-PADA. IMPERATIVE. ATMANE-PADA. vit ved vit vid bibhṛi SING. DUAL. PLURAL. SING. DUAL. PLURAL. bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodha bodhabodha bodha bodha bodha chinav chinu* chino chinav chinu tanu* tanav tano ved vit * vit bibhar bibhri | bibhr*|| bibhar|bibhṛi bibhri bhinad bhint bhind bhinad bhint* bhint chinw|chinav chinu chinu tanav tanu tanu 9. Pú puná puní puná puná puní puní puná puní| pun pun puní puní puná pun pun puná puní pun Observe-In the 2d sing., Parasmai, the roots of the 5th and 8th conj. tion. The 2d and 7th take dhi for hi by 291, and make viddhi, bhinddhi. bodhai by 33, bodha+ithám=bodhethám by 32. are like those of the 1st group, and make chinu, tanu, rejecting the terminaBhri makes bibhratu for bibhrantu in 3d pl. In the Atmane, bodha+ai = |