The New Grove Piano

19th century Aeolian American firm American Piano Anton Rubinstein Bach bass became Beethoven Bösendorfer Brahms Broadwood C. P. E. Bach cabinet piano Chickering Chopin clavichord Clavier Clementi Collard composers concert Cristofori Czerny damper Debussy depressed developed diss dynamic Early Piano English firm Erard escapement Ferruccio Busoni fingers fortepiano founded frame French German firm German maker grand piano hammer harpsichord Haydn hitch-pin intermediate lever invented J. S. Bach jack jazz Johann keyboard instrument Leschetizky Liszt London manufactured mechanism ments models modern movement Mozart octaves overstrung Paderewski Paris patented performance pianists piano action piano makers Piano Music piano playing Pianoforte pieces player pianos Pleyel Prellmechanik produced range Recorded Sound repertory Romantic Rubinstein Schubert Schumann Silbermann solo sonata form sonatas sonority soundboard square pianos Stein Steinway Streicher strings style sustaining pedal technique tone treble upright piano vibrate Vienna Viennese action Viennese pianos virtuoso wrest plank York Zumpe