of Spain and Gaul, and not only of the Alpine nations, but, which is greater still, of the Alps themfelves; fhall I compare myself with this half-year captain? a captain, before whom bould one place the two armies, without their enfigns, I am perfuaded he would not know to which of them he is conful? I esteem it no fmall advantage, foldiers, that there is not one among you, who has not often been an eye-witnefs of my exploits in war; not one, of whofe valour I myself have not been a spectator, so as to be able to name the times and places of his noble atchievements; that with foldiers, whom I have a thousand times praised and rewarded, and whose pupil I was before I became their general, I fhall march against an army of men, ftrangers to one another.

ON what fide foever I turn my eyes, I behold all full of courage and strength. A veteran infantry; a moft gallant cavalry: you, my allies, most faithful and valliant: you, Carthaginians, whom, not only your country's caufe, but the jufteft anger, impels to battle. The hope, the courage of affailants, is always greater, than of those, who act upon the defenfiye. With hoftile banners difplayed, you are come down upon Italy: you bring the war. Grief, injuries, indignities, fire your minds, and fpur, you forward to revenge.Firft, they demanded me; that I, your general, fhould be delivered up to them; next, all of you, who had fought at the fiege of Saguntum: and we were to be put to death, by the extremeft tortures. Proud and cruel nation! Every thing must be yours, and at your difpofal? you are to prefcribe to us, with whom we fhall make war; with whom we shall make peace? You are to fet us bounds; to fhut us up within hills and rivers; but you, you are not to obferve the limits which yourselves have fixed! "Pafs

"Pafs not the Iberus." What next?" Touch not "the Saguntines; Saguntum is upon the Iberus, 66 move not a step towards that city." Is it a small matter, then, that you have deprived us of our ancient poffeffions, Sicily and Sardinia? you would have Spain too. Well, we fhall yield Spain; and then-you will pafs into Africa. Will pass, did I fay?-this very year, they ordered one of their confuls into Africa, the other into Spain. No, foldiers, there is nothing left for us, but what we can vindicate with our fwords. Come on then. Be men. The Romans may, with more fafety, be cowards: they have their own country behind them; have places of refuge to fly to; and are fecure from danger in the roads thither; but, for you, there is no middle fortune, between death and victory. Let this be but well fixed in your minds; and, once again, I fay, you are conquerors.

IX.

ALONZO IV. KING OF PORTUGAL.

HIS prince, at the beginning of his reign, gave himself up, wholly, to the pleasures of the chafe; leaving the management of public affairs, entirely to his favourites. His prefence, however, being, at laft, neceffary at Lisbon, he entered the council, with all the vivacity of the sportsman; and entertained his nobles, with the history of a whole month, fpent in his favourite amufement. When he had done, a nobleman of the first distinction rofe, and addreffed him in the following manner. "Courts "and camps," faid he, "were allotted for kings, H

"not

"not woods and deferts. Even the affairs of pri66 vate men fuffer, when recreation is preferred to "bufinefs: but, when the whims of pleasure engross "the thoughts of a king, a whole nation is configned to ruin. We came here, for other pur"pofes, than to hear the exploits of the chafe; ex"ploits, which are only intelligible to grooms and "falconers. If your Majefty will attend to the "wants, and remove the grievances, of your peo"ple, you will find them obedient subjects: if not,” -the king, starting with rage, interrupted him, "if not, what?"-"If not," replied the nobleman, in a firm tone, "they will look for another, and a "better king." Alonzo, on this, burst out of the room, in a violent paffion. But, in a little while, he returned quite calm, and spoke thus to the noble"I perceive," faid he, "the truth of what σε you fay. He who will not execute the duties of " a king, cannot long have good fubjects. Re"member, from this day, you have nothing more "to do with Alonzo, the fportfman; but, with "Alonzo, the king."

man.

-

ར་ར་ར་ར་་་

X.

LIBERTY AND

SLAVERY.

ISGUISE thyfelf as thou wilt, ftill, Slavery! ftill thou art a bitter draught: and, though thousands, in all ages, have been made to drink of thee, thou art no less bitter, on that account. It is thou, Liberty! thrice fweet and gracious goddess ! whom all, in public, or in private, worship; whose taftc is grateful and, ever will be fo, till nature

herself

herself shall change. No tint of words, can spot thy fnowy mantle; or chymic power, turn thy fceptre into iron. With thee to fmile upon him, as he eats his cruft, the swain is happier than his monarch, from whose court thou art exiled.-Gracious Heaven!, grant me but health, thou great beftower of it! and give me but this fair goddefs; as my companion; and fhower down thy mitres, if it feem good unto thy divine providence, upon thofe heads which are aching for them.

PURSUING thefe ideas, I fat down close by my table; and, leaning my head upon my hand, I began to figure to myself, the miseries of confinement. I was in a right frame for it, and fo I gave full scope to my imagination.

I was going to begin with the millions of my fellow-creatures, born to no inheritance but flavery: but, finding, however affecting the picture was, that I could not bring it near me, and that the multitude of fad groups in it did but distract me—

I took a fingle captive; and, having first shut him up in his dungeon, I, then, looked through the twilight of his grated door, to take his picture.

I beheld his body half wafted away with long expectation and confinement; and felt what kind of ficknefs of the heart it is, which arifes from hope deferred. Upon looking nearer, I faw him pale and feverish. In thirty years, the western breeze had not once fanned his blood - he had feen no fun, no moon, in all that time-nor had the voice of friend or kinfman breathed through his lattice. His children

BUT here my heart began to bleed-and I was forced to go on with another part of the portrait.

He was fitting upon the ground, upon a little ftraw, in the furtheft corner of his dungeon, which was, alternately, his chair and bed. A little calendar of small sticks was laid at the head, notched all over with the difmal days and nights he had paffed there. He had one of these little sticks in his hand; and, with a rufty nail, he was etching another day of mifery, to add to the heap. As I darkened the little light he had, he lifted up a hopeless eye towards the door-then caft it down-fhook his head - and went on with his work of affliction. I heard his chains upon his legs, as he turned his body to lay his little stick upon the bundle. He gave a deep figh. I faw the iron enter into his foul.-I burst into tears. I could not fuftain the picture of confinement, which my fancy had drawn.

སར

XI.

SPEECH OF BRUTUS ON THE DEATH OF CESAR.

R

OMANS, countrymen, and lovers!-Hear me, for my caufe; and be filent, that you may hear. Believe me, for mine honour; and have refpect to mine honour, that you may believe. Cenfure me, in your wifdom; and awake your fenfes, that you may the better judge.