10. The nom. plur. of प्रथम m. is प्रथमे or प्रथमाः, and the dat., abl., gen. and loc. sings of द्वितीय and तृतीय or द्वितीया and are optionally like those of pronouns ending in अ or आ, as द्वितीयस्मै or द्वितीयाय &c. 11. Adverbs of definite frequency are formed from numerals by the addition of स् to द्वि, त्रि and चतुर् and कृत्वस् to the rest, before which the final is dropped. For g we have सकृत् ‘once. Ex. द्वि: 'twice,' त्रिः 'thrice,' चतुः 'fourtimes,' पञ्चकृत्वः, षट्कृत्वः &c. एक 12. The termination वत् is applied to यत्, तद् and एतद् and यत् to इदम् and किम्, in the sense of ' as much as The three former become या, ता and एता, and the two latter इ and कि; as तावत्, ‘that much.' तावान् masc. nom. sing. पञ्चाशते ब्राह्मणेभ्यः प्रत्यहं कृष्णवर्मान्नं ददाति । गुरोः परिचर्यं कुर्वतस्तस्य द्विचत्वारिंशदहानि व्यतीयुः । चतस्रो विद्याश्चतुष्षष्टिं कलाश्च चन्द्रापीडोऽशिक्षत । चत्वारि शृङ्गा* त्रयोऽस्य पादा द्वे शीर्षे सप्त हस्तासो ऽस्य || श्रावणस्य कृष्णपक्षेऽष्टम्यां तिथौ देवकी कृष्णं सुषुवे । त्रिः सप्तकृत्वः परशुरामः पृथिवीमक्षत्रियामकरोत् । सप्तदश सामिधेनीरनुब्रूयात् । ता एताः सप्तर्चोऽन्वाह । तासां त्रिः प्रथमामन्वाह त्रिरुत्तमां ता एकादश संपद्यन्ते । त्रयस्त्रिंशद्वै देवा अष्टौ वसव एकादश रुद्रा द्वादशादित्याः प्रजापतिश्च वषट्कारश्च । || शतमनूच्यमायुष्कामस्य ॥ । शतायुर्वै पुरुष आयुष्येवैनं * Nom. plur. of शृङ्ग n. Vedic. + Nom. plur. of हस्त m. Vedic. ** This is repeated when the sacred fire is kindled. It contains a description of the imaginary shape of the fire-god. § The nominative of this is, understood. This refers to the repeating of the verses by the Hotâ at a certain ceremony. At the ceremony called which forms a part of the Agnishtoma sacrifice, a great many verses are repeated by the priests. The number of these is determined in this passage. For instance, first, he says, 'If the sacrificer desires a long life, one hundred verses should be repeated.' Then follows a reason for this; and so on. * तद्दधाति । । त्रीणि च शतानि च षष्टिश्चानूच्यानि यज्ञकामस्य । त्रीणि च वै शतानि षष्टिश्च संवत्सरस्याहानि । तावान्संवत्सरः संवत्सरः प्रजापतिः प्रजापतिर्यज्ञः । उपैनं यज्ञो नमति यस्यैवं विद्वांस्त्रीणि च शतानि च षष्टिं चान्वाह । सप्त च शतानि विंशतिश्चानूच्यानि प्रजापशुकामस्य । सप्त च वै शतानि विंशतिश्च संवत्सरस्याहोरात्राः । संविभाजयति श्रीमान् स वित्तेन द्विजोत्तमान् । On the 27th day of the month a conclave of Panditas was held. At that time ninety-nine men were examined, of whom fifty-four were found to be good grammarians. The Panditas say that there are eighteen Purâņas and twenty-four Smritis. Originally there were three Vedas – Rigveda, Yajurveda, and Sâmaveda; afterwards there came to be four. * तद् is here equivalent to तस्माद्. †The nominative of this is the priest, understood. † This is a deviation from Pánini. See last Lesson, Art. 3. There are now two principal branches or S'âkhâs of Yajurveda. The Smriti of Manu is in twelve chapters, and in the seventh the duties of kings are enumerated. On the tenth of the bright half of As'vina, people in the Deccan give to each other leaves of the S'amî tree, calling them gold. All enemies were killed by the five Pândavas. Râma cut off the ten heads of Râvana. He gained proficiency in the four learnings (lores), six S'âstras, and sixty-four arts. Thrice I told him to depart, and when he did not do so, I gave him a kick. The Hindus believe that there are eight guardians of the eight different quarters. Of the eighteen Parvans of the Mahâbhârata, the third is the best, because it contains many pleasant stories. The doctor has directed me to take this medicine for* forty-two days. I have studied seventeen cantos of the Raghuvans'a, seven of the Kumârasambhava, nine dramatic plays, and eightysix pages of Patanjali's Mahâbhâshya. lunar month. कृष्ण m. the eighth incarnation | प्रव्रजित past part of व्रज् with प्र, of Vishņu. exiled or turned a recluse. कृष्णपक्ष m. the dark half of the बुद्धिलक्षण n. (बुद्धि f. talent, लक्षण n. a sign) a sign of talent. भज् with सम् and fa, to admit to a share, to bestow upon. भाजू 10th conj. with सम् and वि, to admit to a share, to bestow upon. m. a proper name. am. n. neuter, impotent. n. the cavities of the human body, as mouth, nose, &c. THÌga m. n. ƒ. (π✈ m. conceрtion, and ag eighth) eighth from conception. चम् ii m. name of a prince. 1st conj. Parasm. with π, आ, to take in a little water into the mouth and drink it as a religious ceremony. तावत्कालम् adv. for so long a time. af mother of Krishņa. with, to wash. वषट्कार m. the cry वौषट् at the faf learning, lore. विद्वस् pres. part. of विद् know, knowing. द्विजोत्तम m. one who is best | विश् m. the third order or caste As'vina a m. name of a month. Bright half (of the lunar Canto सर्ग m. Conclave समाज m. परिषद् /. Calling अभिदधान pres. part. of | Dramatic play नाटक n. month) शुक्लपक्ष . धा with अभि. Duty धर्म m. Found 3 Enumerated qffa past part. Guardian of a quarter दिक्पाल m. Originally loc. sing. of Purâņa Samaveda सामवेद m. name of a S'amî ƒ. a kind of tree. Veda. m. name of a इष्ट LESSON XVIII. COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE DEGREES OF ADJECTIVES, &c. 1. ईयस् is a termination of the comparative degree and of the superlative. Before these the ending vowel of a word, or the ending consonant, if any, with the preceding vowel, is dropped; as लघु positive, लघीयस् comparative, लघिष्ट superlative; महत् pos., महीयस् comp., &c. These terminations are applied to adjectives of quality and not to participles and other verbal derivatives as a and ☎ (mentioned below) are. 2. The occurring in the words Ty, H, HA, HA, CT and परिवृढ is changed to र; as पृथु pos., प्रथीयस् comp., and प्रथिष्ठ sup. 3. The final syllable (i. e. the last vowel with the preced |