All services due for land being knight's service, or soccage; so that whatever is not knight's service, is soccage. This soccage is of three kinds; a soccage of free tenure, wnere a man holdeth by free service of twelve pence a-year for all manner of services. Soccage of ancient tenure is of land of ancient demesne, where no writ original shall be sued, but the writ secundum consuetudinem manerii. Soccage of base tenure is where those that hold it may have none other writ but the monstraverunt, and such socmen hold not by certain service. Corvell.

Bacon.

The lands are not holden at all of her majesty, or not holden in chief, but by a mean tenure in soccage, or by knight's service. SO'CCAGER. n.s. [from soccage.] A tenant by soccage.

SOCIABLE. adj. [sociable, Fr. sociabilis, Latin.]

1. Fit to be conjoined.

Another law toucheth them, as they are sociable parts united into one body; a law which bindeth them each to serve unto other's good, and all to prefer the good of the whole before whatsoever their own particular.

Hooker.

1. Ready to unite in a general interest. To make man mild and sociable to man; To cultivate the wild licentious savage With wisdom, discipline. 3. Friendly; familiar; conversible. Them thus employ'd beheld

Addison.

SOCIAL. adj. [socialis, Latin.] 1. Relating to general or publick interest; relating to society.

To love our neighbour as ourselves, is such a fundamental truth for regulating human society, that by that alone one might determine all the cases in social morality. Locke.

True self-love and social are the same. Pope. 2. Easy to mix in friendly gayety; companionable.

Pope.

Withers, adieu! yet not with thee remove Thy martial spirit or thy social love. 3. Consisting in union or converse with another.

Thou in thy secrecy although alone, Best with thyself accompanied, seek'st not Social communication.

Milton.

SOCIALNESS. n. s. [from social.] The

quality of being social. SOCIETY. n. S. [societé, French; societas Latin.]

1. Union of many in one general interest. If the power of one society extend likewise to the making of laws for another society, as if the church could make laws for the state in temporals, or the state make laws binding the church relating to spirituals, then is that society entirely subject to the other. Lesley.

2. Numbers united in one interest; community.

As the practice of piety and virtue is agreeable to our reason, so is it for the interest of private persons and publick societies. Tillotson. 3. Company; converse. To make society

The sweeter welcome, we will keep ourself
Till supper-time alone.

Shakspeare.

Whilst I was big in clamour, came there a

Heav'n's greatness no society can bear; Servants he made, and those thou want'st not Dryden.

here.

4. Inclined to company.

Milton.

In children much solitude and silence I like hot, nor any thing born before his time, as this must needs be in that sociable and exposed age. Wotton.

SOCIABLENESS. n. s. [from sociable.]
I. Inclination to company and converse.
Such as would call her friendship love, and feign
To sociableness a name profane.

Donne.

The two main properties of man are contemplation, and sociableness, or love of converse.

More.

2. Freedom of conversation; good fellowship.

He always used courtesy and modesty, disliked of none; sometimes sociableness and fellowship, well liked by many. Hayward. SO'CIABLY. adv. [from sociable.] Con

versibly, as a companion.

Yet not terrible,
That I should fear; no sociably mild,
As Raphael, that I should much confide:
But solemn and sublime.

Milten.

socke, Dutch.]

1. Something put between the foot and shoe.

Ere I lead this life long, I'll sow nether socks, and mend them, and foot them too. Shakspeare. A physician, that would be mystical, prescribeth for the rheum to walk continually upon a camomile alley; meaning he should put camomile within his socks.

Bacon. 2. The shoe of the ancient comick actors, taken in poems for comedy, and op posed to buskin or tragedy.

Then to the well-trod stage anon,
If Jonson's learned sock be on,
Or sweetest Shakspeare, fancy's child,
Warble his native wood-notes wild.

Hudibras.

Two dire comets

In their own plague and fire have breath'd their last,

Or dimly in their sinking sockets frown. Dryd. To nurse up the vital flame as long as the matter will last, is not always good husbandry; it is much better to cover it with an extinguisher of honour, than let it consume till it burns blue, and lies agonizing within the socket, and at length goes out in no perfume.

2. The receptacle of the eye.

Collier.

His eye-balls in their hollow sockets sink; Bereft of sleep, he loaths his meat and drink; He withers at his heart, and looks as wan As the pale spectre of a murder'd man. Dryden. 3. Any hollow that receives something inserted.

The sockets and supporters of flowers are figured; as in the five brethren of the rose, and sockets of gillyflowers. Bacon. Gomphosis is the connection of tooth to its socket. Wiseman.

As the weight leans wholly upon the axis, the grating and rubbing of these axes against the sockets wherein they are placed, will cause some inaptitude and resistency to that rotation of the cylinder which would otherwise ensue. Wilkins. On either side the head produce an ear, And sink a socket for the shining share. Dryden. SOCKETCHISEL, n. S. A stronger sort

of chisel.

Carpenters, for their rougher work, use a stronger sort of chisels, and distinguish them by the name of socketchisels; their shank made with a hollow socket a-top, to receive a strong wooden sprig made to fit into the socket.

Moxon.

SO'CLE. n. s. [with architects.] A flat square member under the bases of pedestals of statues and vases: it serves as a foot or stand.

So'CMAN or Soccager. n. s. [rocarman, Bailey. Saxon.] A sort of tenant that holds lands and tenements by soccage tenure, of which there are three kinds. See SOCCAGE. Coavell.

SO'COME. n. s. [In the old law, and in Scotland.] A custom of tenants obliged to grind corn at their lord's mill.

Bacon.

Mix it with sodden wines and raisins. Dryden. To SO'DER. v.a. [souder, French; souderen, Dutch. It is generally written solder, from soldare, Italian; solidare, Latin.] To cement with some metallick matter.

He that smootheth with the hammer encourageth him that smote the anvil, saying, It is ready for sodering. Isaiah.

SO'DER. n. s. Metallick cement.

Still the difficulty returns, how these hooks were made: what is it that fastens this soder, and links these first principles of bodies into 2 chain? Collier.

SOE. n. s. [sae, Scottish.] A large wooden vessel with hoops, for holding water; a cowl.

A pump grown dry will yield no water; but pouring a little into it first, for one bason-full you may fetch up as many soe-fulls. More. SOE'VER. adv. [so and ever.] A word properly joined with a pronoun or adverb, as whosoever, whatsoever, howso

ever.

What great thing soever a man proposed to do in his life, he should think of achieving it by fifty. Temple.

What love soever by an heir is shown, SO'FA. n. s. [I believe an eastern word.] Or you could ne'er suspect my loyal love. Dryd. A splendid seat covered with carpets. The king leaped off from the sofa on which he sat, and cried out, 'T is my Abdallah!

Guardian.

Bacon.

Hot and cold were in one body fixt, And soft with hard, and light with heavy mixt.

Bailey.

SOD. n. s. [socd, Dutch.] A turf; a clod.

The sexton shall green sods on thee bestow;

Alas! the sexton is thy banker now.

Swift.

Here fame shall dress a sweeter sod

Than fancy's feet have ever trod.

Collins.

SOD. The preterit of seethe.

Never caldron sod

With so much fervour, fed with all the store That could enrage it.

Chapman.

Dryden.

What went ye out for to see? a man clothed in soft raiment? behold, they that wear soft raiment are in kings houses.

Matthew.

Milten.

4. Facile; flexible; not resolute; yielding.

A few divines of so soft and servile tempers as disposed them to so sudden acting and compliance. King Charles.

One king is too soft and easy; another too fiery.

5. Tender; timorous.

L'Estrange.

What he hath done famously, he did it to that end; though soft conscienced men can be content to say, it was for his country. Shakspeare. However soft within themselves they are, To you they will be valiant by despair. Dryd. Curst be the verse, how well soe'er it flow, That tends to make one worthy man my foe; Give virtue scandal, innocence a fear, Or from the soft-ey'd virgin steal a tear. Pope. 6. Mild; gentle; kind; not severe.

Would my heart were flint, like Edward's; Or Edward's soft and pitiful, like mine. Shaks. Our torments may become as soft as now se

vere.

Milton.

Yet soft his nature, though severe his lay; His anger moral, and his wisdom gay.

7. Meek; civil; complaisant.

Pope.

Thou art their soldier, and, being bred in

broils,

Hast not the soft way, which thou dost confess Were fit for thee to use, as they to claim,

In asking their good loves.

8. Placid;

still; easy.

Shakspeare.

On her soft axle while she paces even, She bears thee soft with the smooth air along.

Milton.

There, soft extended to the murmuring sound Of the high porch, Ulysses sleeps profound. Pope.

9. Effeminate; vitiously nice.

This sense is also mistress of an art Which to soft people sweet perfumes doth sell; Though this dear art dotli little good impart, Since they smell best, that do of nothing smell.

Davies.

An idle and soft course of life is the source of criminal pleasures.

Broome.

Milton.

10. Delicate; elegantly tender. Her form more soft and feminine. Less winning soft, less amiably mild. Milton.

11. Weak; simple.

The deceiver soon found this soft place of Adam's, and innocency itself did not secure him. Glanville.

12. Gentle; not loud; not rough.
Her voice was ever soft,
Gentle, and low; an excellent thing in women.
Shakspeare.
The Dorian mood of flutes and soft recorders.
Milton.

When some great and gracious monarch dies, Soft whispers first, and mournful murmurs, rise Among the sad attendants; then the sound Soon gathers voice.

Dryden.

Soft whispering thus to Nestor's son, His head reclin'd, young Ithacus begun. Pope. 13. Smooth; flowing; not vehement; not rapid.

Milton.

The solemn nightingale tun'd her soft lays. Soft were my numbers; who could take offence,

When smooth description held the place of

sense?

Hark! the numbers soft and clear Gently steal upon the ear.

14. Not forcible; not violent.

Pofe.

Pope.

Sleep falls with soft slumb'rous weight, Mit.

15. Mud; not glaring.

The sun shining upon the upper part of the clouds, made them appear like fine down or

Bacon.

A wise man, when there is a necessity of expressing any evil actions, should do it by a word that has a secondary idea of kindness or softness; _or a word that carries in it rebuke and severity. Watts.

3. Civility; gentleness.

They turn the softness of the tongue into the hardness of the teeth. Improve these virtues, with a softness of manHolyday. ners, and a sweetness of conversation. Dryden. 4. Effeminacy; vitious delicacy.

So long as idleness is quite shut out from our lives, all the sins of wantonness, softness, and effeminacy, are prevented; and there is but little room for temptation. Taylor.

He was not delighted with the softnesses of the

court.

5. Timorousness; pusillanimity.

Clarendon.

This virtue could not proceed out of fear or softness; for he was valiant and active. Bacon. Saving a man's self, or suffering, if with reason, is virtue: if without it, is softness or obstinacy.

6. Quality contrary to harshness.

Grew.

Softness of sounds is distinct from the exility of sounds.

Bacon.

7. Facility; gentleness; candour; easiness to be affected.

Such was the ancient simplicity and softness of spirit which sometimes prevailed in the world, that they, whose words were even as oracles amongst men, seemed evermore loth to give sentence against any thing publickly received in the church of God.

8. Contrariety to energetick vehemence. Hooker. Who but thyself the mind and ear can please With strength and softness, energy and ease? Harte.

9. Mildness; meekness.

For contemplation he and valour form'd, For softness she and sweet attractive grace. Milt.

Her stubborn look

This softness from thy finger took. Waller. SoHo. interj. A form of calling from a distant place.

To SOIL. v. a. [rılıan, Saxon; soelen, old German; souiller, French.]

1. To foul; to dirt; to pollute; to stain; to sully.

A silly man in simple weeds forlorn, And soil'd with dust of the long dried way.

Although some hereticks have abused this Fairy Queen. text, yet the sun is not soiled in passage. Bacon.

If I soil

Myself with sin, I then but vainly toil. Sandys. I would not soil these pure ambrosial weeds With the rank vapours of this sin-worn mould. Milton.

Bad fruit of knowledge, if this be to know, Which leaves us naked thus, of honour void, Of innocence, of faith, of purity, Our wonted ornaments now soil'd and stain'd.

Milton.

One, who cou'd n't for a taste o' th' flesh come in,

2. To dung; to manure. Men now present, just as they soil their ground, not that they love the dirt, but that they expect a crop.

South.

3. To soil a horse; to purge him by giv-
ing him grass in the spring. It is in
Shakspeare to glut. [saouller,
The soiled horse.
French.]
Sbakspeare

SOIL. n. s. [from the verb.]
1. Dirt; spot; pollution; foulness.
By indirect ways

I met this crown; and I myself know well
How troublesome it sat upon my head:
To thee it shall descend with better quiet;
For all the soil of the achievement goes
With me into the earth.

Sbakspeare.

That would be a great soil in the new gloss of your marriage.

Vexed I am with passions,

Shakspeare.

Which give some soil perhaps to my behaviour.

Shakspeare.

Her spots thou see'st

As clouds, and clouds may rain, and rain pro

duce

Fruits in her soften'd soil.

Miltor.

The first cause of a kingdom's thriving is the fruitfulness of the soil, to produce the necessaries and conveniencies of life; not only for the inhabitants, but for exportation.

Swift.

Milton.

Addison.