This enumeration may well close with the names of those who have added a lustre to the College as Honorary Fellows, but have been removed by death.

1. Sir Charles T. Newton, the explorer of Halicarnassus, and Keeper of Antiquities at the British Museum.

2. Francis William Newman, the brilliant younger brother of the still more famous Cardinal, logician, Arabic scholar, mathematician, who in his undergraduate days received an honour, which is probably unique, from the examiners in the mathematical school. There are two volumes presented by him to the College library, which bear the following inscription, dated June, 1830:

"The undersigned public examiners, wishing to express their sense of the extensive attainments and superior ability displayed by Francis William Newman at his mathematical examination, May, 1826, request his acceptance of this book ('Mécanique Analytique' of Lagrange) with the 'Système du Monde' of Laplace."

3. Bonamy Price, and (4) Richard Greswell, of whom mention has been already made.

5. Henry Octavius Coxe, "the large-hearted librarian" of Bodley, the eminent palæographer who detected the forgeries of Simonides; "the most generally known and most universally beloved character in Oxford," to quote again Dean Burgon; the most lovable of librarians; the most sympathetic of friends; the most ardent of sportsmen. In his youth he was distinguished as an oarsman, and was chosen for the University eight in 1830, though the race that year fell through. He

entered the Bodleian as sub-librarian in 1838, and was Librarian from 1860 till his death, in 1881. He was the younger brother of Richard, Archdeacon of Lindisfarne, who was also a member of Worcester College.

In 1883 the College celebrated the 600th anniversary of its foundation. Over 100 past and present members were entertained at a banquet in the lately decorated hall. Among the speakers were Professor F. W. Newman, Dean Burgon, and the then representative of the family of the founder of the later College.

CHAPTER X

BENEFACTIONS

Ir would not be very possible to weave into a continuous historical series an account of the benefactions of which the College has been from time to time the recipient. A list of those which it appears proper to commemorate may best be given in chronological order. But two of these, it may be observed, have a special significance, not only for their magnitude, but still more because they enlarged the original meagre foundation by the incorporation in each case of additional Fellows and scholars, with a corresponding enlargement of the buildings for their accommodation; while in the case of Dr. Clarke, the benefits conferred by him were so numerous and far-reaching as almost to reconstitute the College, and earn for him the title of its second founder. Mrs. Sarah Eaton and Dr. Clarke thus take rank by themselves in the commemoration of our benefactors.

But the modest resources of the original foundation were supplemented from time to time by other benefactions. The first of them was:

1. The Alcorne Bequest.-Mrs. Margaret Alcorne, who died on June 16, 1717, bequeathed to the College

one-half of her real and personal estate. After a lengthy litigation, it was decided that she was only tenant for life of her real estate, and consequently onehalf of her personal estate only passed to the College. After the payment of legal expenses, this amounted to £798 Os. 3d. It was ordered that this sum should be laid out in buildings, and the chapel, hall, and library were commenced out of the proceeds. The decree was dated June 8, 1720.

2. The Holford Bequest.-Lady Elizabeth Holford, of the parish of All Hallows, Steyning, in the city of London, widow of Sir William Holford, in the county of Leicester, founded two exhibitions of the value of £20 per annum each for eight years, and appropriated them to such scholars of Sutton's Hospital (the Charterhouse) as should enjoy the yearly pension allowed by the governors of the same to their scholars.

Her will was dated November 19, 1717, and she gave munificent bequests to no less than four Colleges in the University-namely, Christchurch, Pembroke, Hart Hall, subsequently Hertford, and Worcester. She died in November, 1720.

Hearne gives some interesting particulars of the strange career of this generous benefactress of the University of Oxford:

"Her maiden name was Elizabeth Lewis, being the daughter of one Lewis, a coachman, of Stanton St. John, near Oxford. Being a handsome plump jolly wench, one Mr. Harbin, who belonged to the Custom-House, and was a merchant and very rich, married her, and dying, all he had came to her. For though she had a son by him who was gentleman commoner of Christchurch (and the only

child as I have been informed she ever had), yet he died very young to her great grief. After this Sir William Holford married her chiefly for her wealth (her beauty being then much decayed) he being but poor himself, but died before her, and what he had came to his son, Sir William Holford, who dyed not a year agoe being bachellor of arts and Fellow of New College, a rakish drunken sot, and would never acknowledge his mother-in-law, for which she allowed him nothing, and so he dyed poor. The woman dyed very rich in the 70th year or thereabouts of her age, and hath left a vast deal to several charitable uses."

3. The Finney Bequest.-James Finney, D.D., Prebendary of Durham, and Rector of Ryton in the county of Durham, left by his will, dated 1727, £2,500 to purchase a freehold estate or estates of the value of £100 a year to found two Fellowships of £40 a year each and two scholarships of £10 a year each. The benefaction was confined in the first place to inhabitants of the moorlands of Staffordshire, and in case of a deficiency in these, to inhabitants of Staffordshire generally, or, in default, to inhabitants of the county of Durham. This bequest found its way into Chancery in the suit of the Attorney-General against Finney, at the relation of the Provost, Fellows, and scholars of Worcester College. But the opposition to the will broke down, and by a decree dated January 25, 1738, the defendant was ordered to pay the costs of the suit, and thus, after eleven years' litigation, the College came by its right.

In process of time the value of the Finney endowment deteriorated to such an extent that Fellows and