Sir James Dewar, 1842-1923: A Ruthless ChemistRoutledge, 9 de març 2016 - 254 pàgines Sir James Dewar was a major figure in British chemistry for around 40 years. He held the posts of Jacksonian Professor of Natural Philosophy at Cambridge (1875-1923) and Fullerian Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution (1877-1923) and is remembered principally for his efforts to liquefy hydrogen successfully in the field that would come to be known as cryogenics. His experiments in this field led him to develop the vacuum flask, now more commonly known as the thermos, and in 1898 he was the first person to successfully liquefy hydrogen. A man of many interests, he was also, with Frederick Abel, the inventor of explosive cordite, an achievement that involved him in a major legal battle with Alfred Nobel. Indeed, Dewar's career saw him involved in a number of public quarrels with fellow scientists; he was a fierce and sometimes unscrupulous defender of his rights and his claims to priority in a way that throws much light on the scientific spirit and practice of his day. This, the first scholarly biography of Dewar, seeks to resurrect and reinterpret a man who was a giant of his time, but is now sadly overlooked. In so doing, the book will shed much new light on the scientific culture of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries and the development of the field of chemistry in Britain. |
Continguts
1 Boyhood | 1 |
2 Edinburgh | 5 |
3 Cambridge | 17 |
4 Demonstrators | 25 |
5 Spectroscopy | 35 |
6 London | 45 |
7 Commerce | 57 |
8 Cryogenics | 77 |
10 The Davy Faraday Research Laboratory | 147 |
11 Decline | 155 |
Chronology | 173 |
Liquefying a Gas | 177 |
Notes and References | 183 |
223 | |
231 | |
9 Argon and Helium | 129 |
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Frases i termes més freqüents
Abel Ansdell apparatus appointment argon assistant atmospheric atomic BAAS ballistite became British Association Cailletet Cambridge carbon Chapter Chemical Society chemist claim colleague College Committee cooling cordite critical temperature Crookes Crookes’s cryogenic December Dewar benzene DFRL discussion Edinburgh elected elements engineer expansion experiments explosive Friday Evening Discourse Fullerian Gimingham Hampson heat helium Henry Armstrong J.J. Thomson Jacksonian James Dewar Joule Joule-Thomson effect Kamerlingh Onnes Kelvin laboratory later lecture Leiden Lennox letter liquefaction of gases liquefaction of hydrogen liquefied liquid air liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen Liveing and Dewar Lockyer London Lord Rayleigh low temperatures Ludwig Mond Managers meeting metal molecules Mond Nature nitrogen Nobel ODNB Olszewski paper patent physical President pressure problem proposed PRSA Ramsay RIA DB Royal Institution Royal Society Ruhemann scientific Scott seems Siemens spectroscopy spectrum Stokes Tait thermodynamics tube Tyndall Tyndall’s University vacuum flask vessel William wrote