considerable rapidity. In a few minutes, it ceased; and the by-standers were going to let him down, when he made signs that they should proceed: this resolution was received with great applause by the crowd, and, after drinking some water, he was again spun round.--HEBER'S Journal. THE GREAT SOUTH AMERICAN THE variety so observable in all the handiworks of Nature, is not more endless than the beauty displayed by each individual form. The traveller who first observed this curious insect, would hardly have ventured to describe its peculiarities on his own single authority, its appearance being so unlike any thing before known. To have said that it throws out a light, bright enough to read the smallest print by, and that, when several were tied to the end of a stick, they afforded nearly as much light as a torch, would hardly have met with belief; yet both these facts are undoubtedly true. The part of the insect in which this property is seated, is the head, which is large, and of an oblong shape; during the day, it is transparent like a bladder, and delicately marked with red and green. The body is ornamented with the same colours, but much more brilliantly. It is a native of South America, and common in Surinam. Madame Merian, the celebrated writer on insects, gives an interesting description of the effect produced by their appearance at night. "Some Indians having one day brought a number of Lantern Flies, I put them into a great box, being at that time ignorant of their luminous properties. During the night, hearing a noise, I jumped out of bed, and a candle being brought to me, I soon found that the sound came from the box, which I quickly opened; but, frightened at seeing a flame, or, I should rather say, as many flames as there were insects, proceed from it, I at first dropped it. Having recovered, however, from my astonishment, or rather fright, I recaptured all my insects, in admiration of their splendid appearance.' Of the Lantern flies there are several kinds; the most noted of which are, the species represented in the cut, and another, less in size, which is frequent in China. The only English insect that possesses this luminous power in any degree, is the glowworm, the female of which may be frequently found on a moist bank, in a warm evening of autumn, giving out a feeble blue light, of sufficient power to tinge the blades of grass, to about the distance of an inch around it. THE GIPSIES. THE following account is abridged from a work entitled The Gipsies' Advocate, written by Mr. Crabb, who has been long active in promoting an establishment at extraordinary people. The profits of that book being Southampton for improving the condition of those appropriated to the funds of the institution, it is of our readers to purchase a publication in which they hoped that the extracts here given, may induce some will find so many interesting details of this longneglected people, and of an establishment which has already been productive of much good. Or the origin of these wanderers of the human race, the authentic records of their first emigrations. Some suppose learned are not agreed in their opinions; for we have no them to be the descendants of Israel, and many others, that they are of Egyptian origin. But the evidence adduced in confirmation of these opinions appears very inconclusive. Those who suppose them to be of Hindostanee or Suder origin, have much the best proof on their side; a gipsy has a countenance, and quickness of manner, which bear a strong resemblance to these people: nor is this mere asser tion. The testimony of the most intelligent travellers, many of whom have long resided in India, fully supports this opinion. But the strongest evidence of their Hindco origin is the great resemblance their own language bears | The Suder cast of Asiatic Indians were a degraded people-a people looked on as the lowest of the human race; and with an army seeking their destruction, they liad every motive to leave, and none to stay in Hindostan. The gipsies are very numerous; amounting to about 700,000. It is supposed that there are about 18,000 in this kingdom. But be they less or more, we ought never to forget that they are branches of the same family with ourselves, that they are capable of being fitted for all the duties and enjoyments of life. There are many genuine features of humanity in the character of this degraded and despised people. Their constantly retaining an affectionate remembrance of their deceased relatives affords a striking proof of this statement: and their attachment to the horse, donkey, rings, snuffbox, silver spoons, and all things, except the clothes, of the, deceased, is very strong. With such articles they will never part, except in the greatest distress: and then they only pledge some of them, which are redeemed as soon as they possoss the means. They have a singular custom of burning all the clothes belonging to any one among them deceased, with the straw, litter, &c., of his tent. Most families visit the graves of their near relatives, once in the year; generally about the time of Christmas. It is not often that a gipsy is seen well dressed, even when they possess costly apparel; but their women are fond of finery. They are much delighted with broad lace, large car-drops, a variety of rings, and glaring colours; and, when they possess the means, show how great a share they have of that foolish vanity, which leads many, destitute of the faith, and hope, and love, and humility of the Gospel, into utter ruin. A remarkable instance of the love of costly attire in a female gipsy is well known to the writer. The woman alluded to obtained a very large sum of money from three maiden ladies, pledging that it should be doubled by her art in conjuration. She then decamped to another district, where she bought a blood-horse, a black beaver hat, a new side-saddle and bridle, a silver-mounted whip, nd figured away in her ill-obtained finery at the fairs. It is not easy to imagine the disappointment and resentment of the covetous and credulous ladies, whom she had so easily duped. Nor indeed are the males of this people less addicted to the love of gay clothing, if it suited their interests to exhibit it. Some gipsies try to excel others in the possession of silver buttons. They will sometimes give as much as fifteen pounds for a set. The Author has by him, belonging to a gipsy, three massive rings soldered together, and with a half-sovereign on the top, which serves instead of a brilliant stone. Many of these idle soothsayers endeavour to persuade the people whom they delude, that the power to foretell future events, is granted to them from heaven, to enable them to get bread for their families. It would be well, were the prognostications of these women encouraged only among servants; but this is not the case. They are often consulted by those who ought to know and teach them better; and it is astonishing how many respectable people are led away with the artful flattery of such visiters. They forget that the gipsy fortune-teller has often made herself acquainted with their connexions, business, and future prospects, and do not consider that God commits not his secrets to the wicked and profane, and that the power of foretelling future events can come from Him alone, when, for some wise and great purpose, He is pleased to grant it. Although the gipsies, on account of their unsettled habits, their disposition to evil practices, and their igno rance of true religion, may be said to be in a most lament ably wretched state; yet is their condition not desperate. They are rational beings, and have many feelings honourable to human nature. They are not, as the heathens of other countries, addicted to any system of idolatry, and, what is of infinite encouragement, they inhabit a land of Bibles and of Christian Ministers; and although, at pre sent, they derive so little benefit from these advantages, there are many of them willing to receive instruction. Some circumstances which occurred in 1827, gave rise to the idea of forming a society for the improvement of this people; and the promoters of it have to rejoice over the success that has attended its efforts, though it has also experienced great and manifold disappointments. Sixteen reformed gipsies are now living at Southampton, and in addition to these, who have retired from a wandering life, and are pursuing habits of honest industry, three other families, whose united number is sixteen, begged the privilege of wintering under the care of the Society, in the beginning of 1831. These gipsies regularly attended divine service twice on a Sunday, and on the other evenings of the week, the adults went to school, to learn to read. The chil dren were placed at one of the infants' schools. The observation of a gipsy woman is of importance, as it shows the great necessity there is for the gipsies to be taught to read. My being able to read myself, said she, has a great deal more effect upon me than it would if another read it to me, and I could not read; for now I am surer it is in the book. he hopes will be beneficial to the race whose conduct, Having furnished a history of the gipsies, such as condition, and necessities it narrates, the author concludes with an carnest prayer, that these poor hard-faring wanderers may be speedily rescued from their present forlorn condition. A POPULAR CALENDAR. Ir being intended to devote a portion of this work to the communication of popular intelligence, under the above title, a familiar explanation of the terms CALENDAR, ALMANACK, YEAR, MONTH, WEEK, and DAY, is here given, as preliminary to more particular information, which will be introduced in future numbers of the SATURDAY MAGAZINE. CALENDAR and ALMANACK. THE Word CALENDAR (which is sometimes spelt Kalendar), is, properly, a register of time or dates; in which acceptation it was used by the Romans, as the word ALMANACK was by the Germans, and our Saxon forefathers. The anxiety of a gipsy parent to preserve the purity of the morals of a daughter, is strongly portrayed in the following fact. The Author wished to engage, as a servant, the daughter of a gipsy, who was desirous of quitting her vagrant life; but her mother strongly objected for some time; and when pressed for the reason of such objection, she named the danger she would be exposed to in a town, far from a mother's eye. After having promised that the morals of the child should be watched over, she was confided to his care. It is worthy of remark, that all the better sort of gipsies teach their children the Lord's Prayer. The trades they follow are generally chair-mending, knife-grinding, tinkering, and basket-making, the wood for which they mostly steal, but in general, neither old nor young among them do much that can be called labour; and it is lamentable that the greatest part of the little they do earn, is laid by to spend at their festivals; for like many tribes of uncivilized Indians, they mostly make their women support their families, who generally do it by swin-places of public resort, in order that the dates of the apdling and fortune-telling. Their baskets introduce them to the servants of families, of whom they beg victuals, to whom they sell trifling wares, and tell their fortunes, which indeed is their principal aim, as it is their greatest source of gain. Calendar, as some state, is derived from the Latin Calendarium, which was the account-book kept by the Roman usurers, of the money which they lent out upon interest, and which they were in the habit of calling in, or claiming, on the Calends, or first day of each month. But it is more probable that the words Calendar and Calendarium are both to be traced to the ancient Roman custom of publicly proclaiming or calling the Calends and other periods of each month, on the appearance of every new moon. This practice continued until the year 450 after the building of Rome, when Caius Flavius, the Edile, or chief magistrate, ordered the Fasti, or Calends, to be aflixed upon all the proaching festivals might be more generally and exactly known. In fact, these public notices or registers of coming events, were called Fasti Calendares. The etymology, or derivation, of ALMANACK has been much disputed; many writers derive it from the Arabic article Al (the) and the Greek word manakos (a lunar circle); others, from the Hebrew manach (to count); whilst Dr. Jonnson says that the Greek word men, pronounced maen (a month), enters into its composition. The explanation given by the celebrated antiquarian Verstegan, of the origin and use of this word, seems worthy of notice. He says, "Our Saxon ancestors used to engrave on certain squared sticks, about a foot in length, the courses of the moons of the whole year; whereby they could certainly tell when the new moons, full moons, and changes should happen; as also their festival-days: and such a carved stick they called an AL-MON-AGHT; that is to say, Al-mon-heed; to wit, the regard or observation of all the moons and hence is derived the name of Almanack."-An instrument of this kind, of a very ancient date, is to be seen in St. John's College, Cambridge; and there are still, in the mid land counties, several remains of them. YEARS. THE word YEAR is purely Saxon, and is supposed by some to be derived from ara; whilst others deduce both words from the Greek ear, or Latin ver (Spring); because many of the Ancients were in the habit of dating the commencement of the year from Spring. In the Hebrew, Greek, and Latin languages, the word year is expressive of a ring or circle:-the Egyptians, also, represented it by a snake placed in a circular position, with its tail in its mouth; whence, perhaps, the name of the Zodiac, or that imaginary circle which is made by the sun in the heavens, during the twelve months. The time in which the sun performs its journey through the twelve Signs of the Zodiac, comprehends 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, and 48 seconds; and is, therefore, styled the NATURAL, SOLAR, or TROPICAL Year. The SIDEREAL, or ASTRAL Year is the time which elapses from the sun's passage from any particular fixed star, until its return to it again; and is just twenty minutes and twenty-nine seconds longer than the Natural or Solar Year. The LUNAR YEAR, consists of Twelve Lunar Months, or that period during which the moon passes twelve times through its various phases, or changes. The COMMON, or CIVIL Year, in use with us, and established by law, contains 365 days, during three successive years; but in each fourth year, an intercalary or additional day is inserted, in order to make up the number 366; such additional day being considered equivalent to the time lost by not counting the five hours and forty-nine minutes at the end of each of the four years, from one BISSEXTILE, or LEAP Year, to another. The word Leap, sufficiently explains the act of passing over the hours in question. This plan was invented by Julius Cæsar, or by Sosigenes, the Egyptian mathematician, who assisted him in rectifying the Calendar. The additional or intercalary day, is, with us, always placed in the month of February, which, consequently, in Leap Year, consists of twenty-nine days; the usual number being 28. Cæsar placed it in the month of March, by reckoning the 6th day of the Calends of that month twice over; hence the term Bissextile, from the words bis (twice) and sex (six), or sextilis (sixth day). But, by the Gregorian alteration, the fourth year coming at the close of a century, is not a leap year, unless the number of hundreds be a multiple of four. Thus 1600 was a leap year, 1700 and 1800 were not, 2000 will be. The reckoning of time by the course of the sun or moon, was attempted in various ways by different ancient nations; but they, finding that their minor divisions of time did not correspond with the courses in question, endeavoured to prevent confusion by ordaining a certain number of days to be intercalated, or inserted, out of the common order; so as to preserve the equation of time. The Egyptian Year (as used by Ptolemy,) consisted of 365 days, which were divided into twelve months of thirty days each; besides five intercalary days at the end. The Egyptian Canicular, or Natural Year, was computed from one heliacal rising of the star Sirius, or Canicula, to the next. By the regulation of Solon, the ancient Greek year was lunar, and consisted of twelve months; each containing thirty and twenty-nine days, alternately and, in every revolution of nineteen years, the third, fifth, eighth, eleventh, sixteenth, and nineteenth, it had an intercalary month; in order to keep the New and Full Moons to the same seasons of the year, The ancient Jewish year was the same as the Greek one, only that it was made to agree with the Solar year by adding eleven, and sometimes twelve days, at the end; or an intercalary month, when necessary. The modern Jewish year consists of twelve lunar months generally; but sometimes of thirteen; that is, when an intercalary month is inserted. The Turkish year consists of twelve lunar months of thirty and twenty-nine days, alternately; sometimes of thirteen. The ancient Roman year, as settled by Romulus, was lunar, but contained only ten months, which were irregu lar, and comprehended 304 days in all; being a number fifty days short of the true lunar year, and sixty-one days of the solar. Romulus added the requisite number of days at the end of the year. Numa Pompilius added two months; making the year consist of 355 days; thereby exceeding the lunar year by one day, but being short of the solar one by ten days. Julius Cæsar, during his third consulship, and whilst he was Pontifex Maximus, or high priest of Rome, reformed the calendar by regulating the months according to their present measure, and adding an intercalary day every fourth year to the month of February but he being assassinated before his plan could be fully brought into operation, the emperor Augustus perfected and established what his kinsman had begun. The Ju lian year, which consisted of 365 days and 6 hours, was however, still incorrect; for it was found to be too long by about eleven minutes, which in 131 years would be equal to one day consequently, there was a further reformation of the calendar by pope Gregory, in the year 1582. He cut off eleven days, by calling the fourth of October the fifteenth. This alteration of the style was gradually adopted in the several countries of the European continent; but in Russia, in some of the Swiss cantons, and in the countries of the East, the old style is still preserved. The Parliament of England adopted the Gregorian plan, in 1752, by enacting that eleven days should be omitted that year: all dates, therefore, previous to 1752, are said to be according to the OLD STYLE; whilst those since that period, are deemed to be according to the NEW STYLE. In 1800, which was properly a bissextile, or leap year, the intercalary day was omitted: hence, the difference between the old and new style is now twelve days. The Gregorian regulation does not absolutely preclude all error in future; but that is likely to be so trifling, as not to require particular attention. The beginning of the year has by no means been the same in different ages and countries. The Chaldeans, the Egyptians, and the Jews, in all civil affairs, began it at the autumnal equinox. The ecclesiastical year among the Jews, the common year of the Persians, and of the Romans under Romulus, commenced in the spring; a mode still followed in many of the Italian States. Both the equinores, as well as the summer solstice, were each the commencing date in some of the states of Greece. The Roman year, from the time of Numa, began on the calends of January; the Arabs and Turks compute from the 16th of July; the Christian clergy formerly commenced the year on the 25th of March*; a method observed in Great Britain, generally, in civil affairs, until 1752; from which period our civil year has begun on the 1st of January, except in some few cases, in which it still commences on the 'Day of Annunciation," or the 25th of March. In Scotland, the year was, by a proclamation, bearing date so early as the 27th of November, 1599, ordered thenceforth to commence, in that kingdom, on the 1st of January; instead of the 25th of March. The English Church, still, in her solemn service, renews the year on the First Sunday in Advent, which is always that next to, or on, St. Andrew's Day. Our ancestors, after the establishment of Christianity, usually began their year at Christmas, and reckoned the commencement of their æra from the incarnation, or birth of Christ. William the Conqueror, however, introduced the method of substituting the first year of his own reign for the Christian æra. At subsequent periods, the English reverted to the ancient custom: but all State proclamations, patents, charters, and Acts of Parliament, have continued to be dated from the commencement of the reigns of the respective sovereigns, with the addition of the words, " and in the year of our Lord, &c." The Russian government did not adopt the Christian æra The Church of Rome dated from the Sunday succeeding the full moon which occurred next after the vernal equinox; or, if the full moon happened on a Sunday, the new year commenced on that day until the time of Peter, in 1725: their previous practice THIS division of the year appears to have been usea before In the year 1793, the French Government had a new Calendar constructed, in which they adopted the following fanciful designations for each month: ..July 19. some authors; who say that the four quarters or intervals of the Moon (the phases, or changes, of which are about seven days distant) originally gave occasion to this mode of division. But it seems more reasonable to conclude that it arose from the traditional accounts of the first seven days of the world's existence. Although each lunar month contains four weeks, or four sevenths, the solar month, or that regulated by the passage of the Sun through each of the twelve signs of the Zodiac, generally contains two or three days more; consequently, as we have twelve solar months in each year, we have fiftytwo weeks and one day over, instead of forty-eight weeks. which would be the exact number, were our year regulated merely by the revolutions or changes of the moon. The word WEEK is of Saxon origin, and signifies a numerical series, generally, (having nearly the same mean ing as way, which is measured by successive steps,) although now expressive only of the space of seven days. DAYS. THE Word DAY is derived from, or synonymous with, the from the same source, as the Roman word Dies (a day), Saxon Daeg; and the Saxons are supposed to have had it which in its turn, is said to be derived from Dii, or Gods; by which name the Romans called the planets. The word Day, in its strict sense, signifies that portion of time, during which we receive the light of the sun: but, more properly speaking, it includes the night, also; and is that space of time during which the Sun appears to us to make one revolution round the Earth :-to speak with astronomical precision, it is that space of time in which the Earth makes one revolution round its own axis, during its annual or yearly progess around the Sun. In different nations and ages, the modes of reckoning the beginning of the day have been various. Accord Persians, and the inhabitants of Hindostan, the day com menced at the rising of the sun; with the modern Greeks it is the same. The Athenians, and other ancient inha bitants of Greece, as well as the ancient Gauls, began theirs at sun-set; which mode is still followed by the Jews, the Austrians, the Bohemians, the Silesians, the Italians, and the Chinese. The ancient inhabitants of Italy computed their day from midnight; which mode is now in common use with us and all other European nations, with the above exceptions. The Mahometans calculate from one twilight to another. The ancient Egyptians dated from noon to noon; This new Calendar, which, after all, was only a plagia-ing to the computation of the ancient Syrians, Babylonians. rism, or copy, of one used in Holland from time immemorial, like many of the absurd institutions which sprang from the French Revolution, was laid aside in a few years, from the circumstance of its utter unfitness for the seasons, even as they occur in the several provinces of France itself;-how much less applicable, therefore, must they have been to other countries, where the climates and seasons vary so much from each other! A Calendar, to be worthy of universal adoption, must be capable of universal application: not so that of the French Philosophers, which, independently of its discordance with those of all civilized nations, had not even the merit of indicating those very seasons from which it professed to derive its character. The late Mr. Gifford ridiculed this new-fangled method of registering time by the following ludicrous, but happy, translation of the Republican months and seasons — AUTUMN....Wheezy, sneezy, freezy; .... WEEKS. Ir is probable that this measure of time has existed in the East from the earliest ages; but the Greeks certainly never used such a mode of division. They divided each month of thirty days into three Decades, or equal portions of ten days each. Thus, the 5th day of the month was the 5th day of the first Decade-the 15th was the 5th of the second Decade ;-and the 25th, the 5th of the third Decade. This division was adopted by the French in their Revolutionary Calendar, in order to get rid of the Sabbathday. The Jews have ever marked their time by sevenths, according to the command given by God himself, for labouring during only six days of each week, and resting on the seventh, which was consequently set apart, or consecrated, to the service of their Creator;-nay, they not only hallowed the seventh day, or SABBATH, which formed a portion of their week of days; but they had, also, their weeks of years, which consisted of seven years; and their Jubilees, or rejoicing periods, which were celebrated by many acts of justice, forgiveness, and restitution, at the end of every week of seven times seven years. The Hebrews, the Assyrians, Egyptians, Arabians and Persians, all had this custom of reckoning by weeks. The origin of computation by sevenths, has been vehemently contested by which mode is at this day, and has always been, followed by astronomers; because that instant of time can be ascer tained with greater precision than any other. week, the name of one of the heavenly bodies: thus, Dies The Romans gave to each of the seven days of their Solis, signifies the day of the sun (Sunday); Dies Lunæ, the day of the moon (Monday); Dies Martis, the day of Mars (Tuesday); Dies Mercurii, the day of Mercury (Wednesday); Dies Jovis, the day of Jupiter (Thursday); Dies Veneris, the day of Venus (Friday); and Dies the English language has received Sunday, Monday, and Saturni, the day of Saturn (Saturday).-From this source Saturday, by translation; but Tuesday, Wednesday, ThursDanish deities, TUESCO, WODIN, THOR, and FREYA, or day, and Friday, were derived from the ancient Saxon and FREGA.-In all Parliamentary bills, acts, journals, and other documents, the Roman names of the days of the week have at all times been used. THE EDUCATIO PRICE DECEMBER, 1832. {ONE PENNY. UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE COMMITTEE OF GENERAL LITERATURE AND EDUCATION, APPOINTED BY THE SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE. AN ACCOUNT OF CATARACTS, WATERFALLS, &c. IN former Papers*, the reader's attention has been called to the consideration of Mountains and Rivers, as constituting two very important features of our globe, and affording subjects of deep contemplation, not only to the studious philosopher, but to every admirer of the stupendous and sublime works of nature. In connexion with these, we are imperceptibly, if not unavoidably, led to an examination of consequences resulting from their interposition one with another. For, when a river is impeded in its course by mountainous elevations, it either winds about their lower parts in pursuing its way to the sea; or, if shut up on all sides, it forms a lake, which, rising to a level with the interposing barrier, pours its superfluous waters over the lowest ridge, and tumbles into the adjoining valley, with a force and noise proportioned to its height, and the supply brought into the lake by the inflowing stream. In some cases, lakes are formed by a process the reverse of what has been described. An abrupt sinking in the valley through which the river flows, causes an inward cataract; that is, the water rushes down the precipice, and forms a lake in the hollow below, from which the river after wards flows away upon a new level, without any outward fall. Sometimes several springs, which have their rise in mountains surrounding a hollow, pour their waters into the basin, or cavity, and form a lake, which becomes the head of a river; as at KANDEL STEIG. THE river Kandel, in the Swiss canton of Bern, is formed | enumeration of them unnecessary in this introductory by the aggregated waters of numerous springs, which pour notice. their torrents from the surrounding mountains into a lake, near the village of Kandel Steig; and, after a course of a few miles, falls into the Simme, a little above its confluence with Lake Thun. The scenery about the lake is wild and romantic. The Lake Thun is itself a specimen of this kind of lakes: it is about five leagues long and one league broad: in many places, the depth of its water is 120 fathoms. On the left shore, are three cascades, springing from rocks: they are called the Stampfbach, the Jungfraunbrunnen, and the Beatusbach; the last of which flows from a cavern in Mount Beatusberg. The lake of Brienz, which communicates with Lake Thun, by the river Aa, furnishes another instance of lakes formed, partially or wholly, by torrents descending from the surrounding mountains." It is about three leagues in length, but not so broad as the Thun; it is nearly surrounded by mountains, from which descend numerous streams of water, among which the cataract of the Giessbach is deemed the most beautiful, passing from a cleft in the rock, among pines, and rushing into the lake by twelve different descents. Other instances might be adduced of the formation of lakes and cataracts; but the review we are about to take of some of the most remarkable in the world, renders an Numbers 16 and 26 of this Publication, VOL. I. A fall of water, in its most impetuous character, is denominated a CATARACT; when the descent is more easy, it is called a CASCADE: the former presents a sight powerfully imposing and sublime; the latter affords a pleasingly romantic object. In both cases, the rocky precipice which occasions the fall is perpendicular, or nearly so; but sometimes it shelves off in an inclined plane towards the lower part of the river; so that the flood descends with rapidity, yet without being projected over a precipice; and this is styled a RAPID. In some rivers, as the Missouri, the Mississippi, and others in North America, all the three kinds of waterfalls are met with. The most elevated cataracts, as yet known, are in Savoy and Switzerland; where large bodies of water are precipitated from heights of between two and three thousand feet. But it is in America that we meet with amazing sheets of fluid, as much exceeding in breadth the falls of the ancient continents as they are themselves transcended in height by these. And as bold imposing objects always make the strongest impressions on the human mind, the cataracts of the new world have obtained the greatest celebrity: hence we are induced to commence our review of these majestic results of some great convulsion of nature with THE CATARACTS OF AMERICA. 23 |