desired objects; as the fire is not appeased with CHAP. clarified butter; it only blazes more vehemently. 95. Whatever man may obtain all those gratifications, or whatever man may resign them completely, the resignation of all pleasures is far better than the ' attainment of them. 6 96. The organs being strongly attached to sensual delights cannot so effectually be restrained by avoiding incentives to pleasure, as by a constant pursuit of 'divine knowledge. 97. To a man contaminated by sensuality neither 'the Védas, nor liberality, nor sacrifices, nor strict 'observances, nor pious austerities, ever procure fe•licity. 98. He must be considered as really triumphant over his organs, who, on hearing and touching, on seeing and tasting and smelling, what may please or offend the senses, neither greatly rejoices nor greatly repines : 99. But, when one among all his organs fails, by that single failure his knowledge of GOD passes away, as water flows through one hole in a leathern bottle. 100. Having kept all his members of sense and ac'tion under control, and obtained also command over his heart, he will enjoy every advantage, even though 'he reduce not his body by religious austerities. 6 101. Ar the morning twilight let him stand repeat'ing F 2 II. CHAP. II. 6 6 ing the gayatri until he see the sun; and at evening twilight, let him repeat it sitting, until the stars distinctly appear; 102. He who stands repeating it at the morning twilight, removes all unknown nocturnal sin; and he who repeats it sitting at evening twilight, disperses the taint, that has unknowingly been contracted in • the day; 103. But he who stands not repeating it in the morning, and sits not repeating it in the evening, must be precluded, like a Súdra, from every sacred 'observance of the twice born classes. 6 104. Near pure water, with his organs holden under control, and retiring from circumspection to some 'unfrequented place, let him pronounce the gayatrì, performing daily ceremonies. 6 105. In reading the Védángas, or grammar, prosody, mathematicks, and so forth, or even such parts ' of the Veda as ought constantly to be read, there is no prohibition on particular days; nor in pronouncing the texts appointed for oblations to fire: 106. Of that, which must constantly be read, and is 'therefore called Brahmasatra, there can be no such prohibition; and the oblation to fire, according to the Vida, produces good fruit, though accompanied with the text vashat, which on other occasions must be intermitted on certain days. 107. For II. 107. For him, who shall persist a whole year in CHAP. reading the Véda, his organs being kept in subjection, and his body pure, there will always rise good fruit 'from his offerings of milk and curds, of clarified butter • and honey. 108. LET the twice born youth, who has been girt with the sacrificial cord, collect wood for the holy fire, beg food of his relations, sleep on a low bed, and perform such offices as may please his preceptor, until his return to the house of his natural father. 109 Ten persons may legally be instructed in the Véda; the son of a spiritual teacher; a boy who is ⚫ assiduous; one who can impart other knowledge; one who is just; one who is pure; one who is friendly; one who is powerful; one who can bestow wealth; one who is honest; and one who is related by blood. 6 110. Let not a sensible teacher tell any other what he is not asked, nor what he is asked improperly; but let him, however intelligent, act in the multi'tude as if he were dumb: 111. Of the two persons, him, who illegally asks, 112. Where virtue, and wealth sufficient to secure it, ' divine CHAP. divine instruction must not be sown: it would perish 6 like fine seed in barren land. II. 113. A teacher of the Veda should rather die • with his learning, than sow it in sterile soil, 6 even though he be in grievous distress for sub 'sistence. 6 114. Sacred Learning, having approached a Bráhmen, said to him: "I am thy precious gem; preserve me with care; deliver me not to a scorner; (so preserved I shall become supremely strong.) 115. But communicate me, as to a vigilant depository of thy gem, to that student, whom thou shalt know to be pure, to have subdued his passions, to perform the duties of his order." 116. He who shall acquire knowledge of the Véda without the assent of his preceptor, incurs the guilt of stealing the scripture, and shall sink to the region of torment. 117. From whatever teacher a student has received instruction, either popular, ceremonial, or sacred, let him first salute his instructor, when they meet. 118. A Brahmen, who completely governs his passions, though he know the gayatri only, is more honourable than he, who governs not his passions, 'who eats all sorts of food, and sells all sorts of com'modities, even though he know the three Vidas. 119. When a superiour sits on a couch or bench, • let 6 II. let not an inferiour sit on it with him; and, if an CHAP. inferiour be sitting on a couch, let him rise to salute a superiour. 120. The vital spirits of a young man mount up'wards to depart from him, when an elder approaches; but by rising and salutation he recovers them. 121. A youth who habitually greets and constantly reveres the aged, obtains an increase of four things; life, knowledge, fame, strength. 122. After the word of salutation, a Bráhmen must address an elder; saying, "I am such an one," pronouncing his own name. 123. If any persons, through ignorance of the San'scrit language, understand not the import of his name, to them should a learned man say, "It is I;" 6 and in that manner he should address all classes of 6 women. 124. In the salutation he should pronounce, after 'his own name, the vocative particle bhis; for the particle bhús is held by the wise to have the same property with names fully expressed. 125. A Brahmen should thus be saluted in return: 66 May'st thou live long, excellent man!" and at the end of his name, the vowel and preceding consonant 'should be lengthened, with an acute accent, to three syllabick moments or short vowels. 6 126. That Bráhmen, who knows not the form of |