31. The first part of a Bráhmen's compound name CHAP. should indicate holiness; of a Cshatriya's, power; of a Vaisya's, wealth; and of a Súdra's, contempt 32. Let the second part of the priest's name imply prosperity; of the soldier's, preservation; of the 'merchant's, nourishment; of the servant's, humble 'attendance. 6 33. The names of women should be agreeable, soft, clear, captivating the fancy, auspicious, ending in long ' vowels, resembling words of benediction. 6 34. In the fourth month the child should be carried out of the house to see the sun: in the sixth month, he should be fed with rice; or that may be done, which, by the custom of the family, is thought most propitious. 35. By the command of the Veda, the ceremony ' of tonsure should be legally performed by the three first classes in the first or third year after birth. 36. In the eighth year from the conception of a Bráhmen, in the eleventh from that of a Cshatriya, and in the twelfth from that of a Vaisya, let the 'father invest the child with the mark of his class: 37. Should a Bráhmen, or his father for him, be ' desirous of his advancement in sacred knowledge; a Cshatriya, of extending his power; or a Vaisya ' of engaging in mercantile business; the investiture II. CHAP. 6 may be made in the fifth, sixth, or eighth years respectively. 38. The ceremony of investiture hallowed by the gayatri must not be delayed, in the case of a priest, beyond the sixteenth year; nor in that of a 'soldier, beyond the twenty-second; nor in that of a merchant, beyond the twenty-fourth. 6 39. After that, all youths of these three classes, who have not been invested at the proper time, become vrátyas, or outcasts, degraded from the gayatrì, and contemned by the virtuous: 40. With such impure men, let no Bráhmen, even in distress for subsistence, ever form a connexion in law, either by the study of the Veda, or by affinity. 41. Let students in theology wear for their mantles, the hides of black antelopes, of common deer, or of goats, with lower vests of woven sana, of cshumà, and of wool, in the direct order of their ' classes. เ 6 42. The girdle of a priest must be made of munja, in a triple cord, smooth and soft; that of a 'warriour must be a bow string of múrvá; that of a merchant, a triple thread of sana. 6 43. If the munja be not procurable, their zones must be formed respectively of the grasses cusa asmántaca, valvaja, in triple strings, with one, three, or five knots, according to the family custom. 44. The 6 44. The sacrificial thread of a Bráhmen must be CHAP. 'made of cotton, so as to be put on over his head, 6 in three strings; that of a Cshatriya, of sana thread only; that of a Vaisya, of woollen thread. 45. A priest ought by law 46. The staff of a priest must be of such a length 47. Let all the staves be straight, without frac ́ture, of a handsome appearance, not likely to terrify men, with their bark perfect, unhurt by fire. 48. Having taken a legal staff to his liking, and standing opposite to the sun, let the student thrice 'walk round the fire from left to right, and perform, according to law, the ceremony of asking food: 49. The most excellent of the three classes, being girt with the sacrificial thread, must ask food with 'the respectful word bhavati, at the beginning of the phrase; those of the second class, with that word in the middle; and those of the third, with that word at the end. 50. Let him first beg food of his mother, or of his sister, or of his mother's whole sister; then of 'some other female who will not disgrace him. 51. Having collected as much of the desired food E 2 II. II. CHAP. as he has occasion for, and having presented it without guile to his preceptor, let him eat some of it, being duly purified, with his face to the east: 6 52. If he seek long life, he should eat with his face to the east; if exalted fame, to the south; if prosperity, to the west; if truth and its reward, to the north. 53. Let the student, having performed his ablution, always eat his food without distraction of mind; and, having eaten, let him thrice wash his mouth completely, sprinkling with water the six hollow parts of his head, or his eyes, ears, and nostrils. 54. Let him honour all his food, and eat it with' out contempt; when he sees it, let him rejoice and be calm, and pray that he may always obtain it. 55. Food, eaten constantly with respect, gives muscular force and generative power; but, eaten irreverently, destroys them both. 6 56. He must beware of giving any man what he leaves; and of eating any thing between morning and evening he must also beware of eating too much, ' and of going any whither with a remnant of his food 'unswallowed. 6 57 Excessive eating is prejudicial to health, to fame, and to future bliss in Heaven; it is injurious to virtue, and odious among men he must, for these reasons, by all means avoid it. 58. Let 58. Let a Bráhmen at all times perform the ablu- CHAP. tion with the pure part of his hand denominated 'from the Véda, or with the part sacred to the Lord of creatures, or with that dedicated to the Gods; but never with the part named from the Pitris: 59. The pure part under the root of the thumb is called Brahma, that at the root of the little finger, Caya; that at the tips of the fingers, Daiva; and the part between the thumb and index Pitrya. 60. Let him first sip water thrice; then twice wipe his mouth; and lastly touch with water the six before mentioned cavities, his breast, and his head. 61. He who knows the law and seeks purity will ever perform his ablution with the pure part of his hand, and with water neither hot nor frothy, standing in a lonely place, and turning to the east or the north. 62. A Bráhmen is purified by water that reaches • his bosom; a Cshatriya, by water descending to his throat; a Vaisya, by water barely taken into his 'mouth; a Súdra, by water touched with the extremity of his lips. 63. A youth of the three highest classes is named upavítí, when his right hand is extended for the cord to pass over his head and be fixed on his left shoulder; when his left hand is extended, that, the thread may be placed on his right shoulder, he is • called II. |