Of utmost Arnon. Nor content with such
Audacious neighbourhood, the wisest heart
Of Solomon he led by fraud to build
His temple right against the temple of God
On that opprobrious hill,2 and made his grove
The pleasant valley of Hinnom, Tophet thence
And black Gehenna called, the type of Hell.
Next Chemos, the obscene dread of Moab's sons,
From Aroar to Nebo and the wild

Of southmost Abarim; in Hesebon
And Horonaim, Seon's realm, beyond

400

The flowery dale of Sibma clad with vines,
And Eleale to the Asphaltic Pool:

410

Peor his other name, when he enticed

Israel in Sittim, on their march from Nile,

To do him wanton rites, which cost them woe.3
Yet thence his lustful orgies he enlarged
Even to that hill of scandal,2 by the grove
Of Moloch homicide, lust hard by hate,
Till good Josiah drove them thence to Hell.

With these came they who, from the bordering flood
Of old Euphrates to the brook that parts

Egypt from Syrian ground, had general names

Of Baalim and Ashtaroth those male,

These feminine. For Spirits,* when they please,
Can either sex assume, or both; so soft

And uncompounded is their essence pure,
Not tied or manacled with joint or limb,

1 See map, p. 87, for these and places following, to 505.

2 93, 94.

8

3 91.

* VI. 344+.

420

Nor founded on the brittle strength of bones,

Like cumbrous flesh; but, in what shape they choose,

Dilated or condensed,* bright or obscure,

Can execute their aery purposes,

And works of love or enmity fulfil.

For those the race of Israel oft forsook

Their Living Strength, and unfrequented left
His righteous altar, bowing lowly down

To bestial gods; for which their heads, as low
Bowed down in battle, sunk before the spear
Of despicable foes.1 With these in troop
Came Astoreth, whom the Phoenicians called
Astarte, queen of heaven, with crescent horns; †
To whose bright image nightly by the moon
Sidonian virgins paid their vows and songs;
In Sion also not unsung, where stood
Her temple on the offensive mountain,3 built
By that uxorious king whose heart, though large,
Beguiled by fair idolatresses, fell

To idols foul. Thammuz came next behind,
Whose annual wound in Lebanon allured

The Syrian damsels to lament his fate

In amorous ditties all a summer's day,
While smooth Adonis from his native rock
Ran purple to the sea, supposed with blood
Of Thammuz yearly wounded: * the love-tale
Infected Sion's daughters with like heat,
Whose wanton passions in the sacred porch

1 88, 95. * I. 789.

2 46.

3 93, 94.

+ VII. 366; 14.

447.

430

440

450

Ezekiel saw, when, by the vision led,
His eye surveyed the dark idolatries
Of alienated Judah.1 Next came one

Who mourned in earnest, when the captive ark
Maimed his brute image, head and hands lopt off,
In his own temple, on the grunsel-edge,
Where he fell flat and shamed his worshipers: 2
Dagon his name, sea-monster, upward man
And downward fish; yet had his temple high
Reared in Azotus, dreaded through the coast
Of Palestine, in Gath and Ascalon,

And Accaron and Gaza's frontier bounds.
Him followed Rimmon, whose delightful seat
Was fair Damascus, on the fertile banks
Of Abbana and Pharphar, lucid streams.
He also against the house of God was bold:
A leper once he lost, and gained a king —
Ahaz, his sottish conqueror, whom he drew
God's altar to disparage and displace

For one of Syrian mode, whereon to burn
His odious offerings, and adore the gods
Whom he had vanquished. After these appeared
A crew who, under names of old renown —
Osiris, Isis, Orus, and their train-

With monstrous shapes and sorceries abused
Fanatic Egypt and her priests to seek

Their wandering gods disguised in brutish forms
Rather than human. Nor did Israel scape

The infection, when their borrowed gold composed

460

470

480

1 96.

2 92.

455.

3 95.

The calf in Oreb;1 and the rebel king
Doubled that sin in Bethel and in Dan,2
Likening his Maker to the grazèd ox
Jehovah, who, in one night, when he passed
From Egypt marching, equalled with one stroke
Both her first-born and all her bleating gods.3
Belial* came last; than whom a Spirit more lewd
Fell not from Heaven, or more gross to love
Vice for itself. To him no temple stood
Or altar smoked; yet who more oft than he
In temples and at altars, when the priest
Turns atheist, as did Eli's sons, who filled
With lust and violence the house of God?
In courts and palaces he also reigns,
And in luxurious cities, where the noise
Of riot ascends above their loftiest towers,
And injury and outrage; and, when night
Darkens the streets, then wander forth the sons
Of Belial, flown with insolence and wine.
Witness the streets of Sodom, and that night
In Gibeah, when the hospitable door
Exposed a matron, to avoid worse rape.

These were the prime in order and in might:
The rest were long to tell; though far renowned
The Ionian gods - of Javan's issue1 held

490

500

Gods, yet confessed later than Heaven and Earth,
Their boasted parents; Titan, Heaven's first-born, 510
With his enormous brood, and birthright seized

By younger Saturn: he from mightier Jove,
His own and Rhea's son, like measure found;1
So Jove usurping reigned. These, first in Crete
And Ida known,2 thence on the snowy top
Of cold Olympus3 ruled the middle air,
Their highest heaven; or on the Delphian* cliff,
Or in Dodona,3 and through all the bounds
Of Doric land; or who with Saturn old
Fled over Adria" to the Hesperian" fields,

And o'er the Celtic roamed the utmost Isles.

All these and more came flocking; but with looks
Downcast and damp; yet such wherein appeared
Obscure some glimpse of joy to have found their Chief
Not in despair, to have found themselves not lost
In loss itself; which on his countenance cast
Like doubtful hue. But he, his wonted pride
Soon recollecting, with high words, that bore
Semblance of worth, not substance, gently raised
Their fainting courage, and dispelled their fears:
Then straight commands that, at the warlike sound
Of trumpets loud and clarions, be upreared
His mighty standard. That proud honour claimed
Azazel as his right, a Cherub tall:

Who forthwith from the glittering staff unfurled
The imperial ensign; which, full high advanced,
Shone like a meteor streaming to the wind,
With gems and golden lustre rich emblazed,
Seraphic arms and trophies; all the while

520

530