Imatges de pàgina
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· H. Ox. xv. 5, row 2. 11, the middle and upper branches, the rest belonging to L. Selaginoides. Stem creeping. Spikes solitary, sessile, smooth, branched; the length of a finger or more, cylindrical. Spikes sessile, upright. Leaves awl-shaped, pointed, smooth, on the creeping shoots pointing one way, two lines long, and one broad at the base. Pol. Shoots, those bearing spikes an inch long, upright, cylindrical. Leaves strap-shaped, crowded, without terminal hairs. Capsules compressed, roundish, not kidney-shaped. Web. MARSH CLUB-Moss. Moist heaths and turfy bogs. Hounslow Heath, and near Esher. Near Norwich; Ellingham Fen, near Bungay, Suffolk. Mr. Woodward. On Norton Bog, Cannock Wood, Staffordshire. Hon. Mr. Bagot. Near the Bowder Stone, Keswick. Mr. Winch. Shores of Coleshill Pool, Warwickshire. Bree, in Purt. E.) P. June-Sept.

L. SELA'GO. Leaves scattered; pointing eight ways: stem forked upright: branches all of the same height: flowers scattered.

E. Bot. 233-Dill. 56. 1–Fl. Dan. 104-H. Ox. xv. 5, row 2. 9—Scheuch. It. i. 6. 2.

Leaves obliquely disposed in eight rows, which may be best observed by holding the ends of the branches perpendicular to the eye. Linn. Stems upright, branched, from three to seven inches high, forked; branches again forked, closely covered with leaves. Leaves spear-shaped, sharppointed, stiff, smooth, shining, scolloped or serrated, and cartilaginous at the edge. Capsules in the bosom of the upper leaves, kidney-shaped, flatted, yellow, opening like an oyster, and pouring out a pale yellow powder. Weis. The whole plant very firm and stiff'; from two to five inches high.

FIR CLUB-MOSS. (Welsh: Cnwp-fwsogl syth mwyaf. Gaelic Garbhag-
an-t-sleibh. E.) Mountainous heaths, in the clefts of rocks in Yorkshire,
Lancashire, Westmoreland, Cumberland, the Highlands and Hebrides.
Near the top of Ingleborough, Yorkshire. Curtis. On Dartmoor,
Devon. (In Cae rhôs lligwy, Anglesey. Welsh Bot. Pentland
Hills, on the rocks above Swanston wood. Dr. Greville. Needwood
Forest, Staffordshire. E.)
April-Oct.

L. ANNO'TINUM. Leaves scattered, pointing five ways; somewhat serrated: stem jointed at each year's shoot: spikes terminal, smooth, upright.

(E. Bot. 1727. E.)—Dill. 63. 9—H. Ox. xv. 5, row 1. 3-Fl. Dan. 127— Pluk. 205. 5.

Branches contracted at the last year's shoots, as in the female of Polytrichum commune. Leaves whorled, in fives, expanding, decurrent. Linn. Root branched. Trailing stem very long. Upright shoots from one to two inches and a half high, generally branched, supporting the spikes of fructification: (six to twelve inches high. E)

(INTERRUPTED CLUB-MOSS. E.) On the mountains of Carnarvonshire. Ray. About two hundred yards South West of Llyn y Cwn, Carnarvonshire. Mr. Griffith. (Summit of Cairn Gorum. Dr. Hooker. E.)

P. June-Sept.

Internally the effects of this plant are very violent; but it destroys worms. A decoction of it relieves swine and cattle of vermin. Linn. Its properties seem to challenge further inquiry. (If given in too large doses it occasions convulsions. In the Island of Raasy, near Sky, it is used instead of alum, to fix colours in dyeing. Encyc. Brit. E.)

L. ALPINUM. Leaves pointing four ways; tiled, acute: stems upright, cloven spikes sessile; cylindrical.

E. Bot. 234-Dill. 58. 2-Fl. Lapp. 11. 6-Fl. Dan. 79—J. B. iii. 767. 1. Stem creeping, from a span to a foot long. Branches alternate, at an inch distant from each other, upright, forked, of the length of a little finger. Little branches fasciculated, from twenty to thirty together, exactly fourcornered, the angles blunt. Leaves thickish. Fruit-stalks terminating a branch here and there, two or three lines high, forked, scarcely distinguishable from the branches, covered with smaller leaves, bearing as many spikes. Spikes egg-shaped, nearly smooth. Linn. All the branches divided, and frequently subdivided into forks. Dill. Upright shoots an inch and a half to three inches long; thinner than the spikes which they support. (SAVIN-LEAVED CLUB-MOSS. E.) Mountainous heaths in Yorkshire, Cumberland, and the mountains of Wales, the Highlands and Hebrides. Near the top of Ingleborough, Yorkshire. Curtis. Near the Holme, about five miles from Burnley, Lancashire. Mr. Woodward. On Yew barrow, in Furness Fells, with L. Selago. Mr. Jackson. (Aghla and Barnesmore mountains, Donegal. Mr. Murphy. E.) P. July-Oct. PILULA'RIA.† Calyx common, woolly, globular, four-celled; opening in four directions: Anthers many; sessile: Pistils many: Style none.

P. GLOBULIFERA.

(Hook. Fl. Lond. 83-E. Bot. 521. E.)-Dill. 79-Fl. Dan. 223-Bull. 375 -Bolt. 40-Pet. 9. 8-Vaill. 15. 6-Pluck. 48. 1-H. Ox. xv. 7. 49.

St.

Stem slender, trailing, striking root at the joints, and sending out delicate narrow or nearly cylindrical leaves, two or three inches long, generally three from a joint. Fructifications globular, like pepper-corns, on very short pedicles at the base of the leaves. The curious fructification of this singular plant is beautifully illustrated in, Fl. Lond. E.) PILLWORT. PEPPER-GRASS. (Welsh: Pelanllys gronynawg. In boggy places, and grounds that have been overflowed, especially in a sandy soil. Near Streatham Wells, Petersfield. Plukenet. On Hounslow Heath. Doody. Hainford and Stratton Heaths, Norfolk. Mr. Crowe. Faith's Newton Bogs. Mr. Pitchford. (Various bogs in Angus and Perthshires. Mr. Brown. Childwall Common, near Liverpool. Dr. Bostock. Between Corfe-Mullein and Poole, about the eleventh mile-stone; and about Sandford Bridge, near Wareham. Pulteney. At Prestwick Carr, Northumberland; and near Wolsington. Mr. Winch. In Anglesey. Welsh. Bot. Between Gorse Moor and Roche, Cornwall. Rev. J. Pike Jones. Braid Hill marshes, and Pentland Hills. Mr. Arnott. Loch of Clunie. Rev. Mr. M'Ritchie. Loch Lomond. Mr. Murray. Hook. Scot. Covering the shore of Coleshill Pool, Warwickshire, to a great extent. Mr. Purton, in Mid. Fl. E. P. June-Sept.

* (A very handsome species; said to be bitter, and to act as an emetic. E.)

† (From pilula, a small ball or pill; which the fructification of this plant remarkabely resembles. E.)

(This interesting little aquatic is not to be detected without deliberate inspection ; being often found under water, and intermixed with plants whose leaves conceal or new ly resemble its own. E.)

ISOE/TES. Barr. Fl. Anthers sessile within the base of a leaf. Fert. Fl. Capsule two-celled, (one-celled: Hook., E.) within the base of a leaf.

1. LACUS'TRIS. Leaves awl-shaped, semi-cylindrical, bowed back. (Hook. Fl. Lond. 131-E. Bot. 1084. E.)-Bolt. 41-Fl. Dan. 191-Dill. 80. 2-Ray Ed. i. 2, at p. 1.

Root fibrous; fibres numerous, simple, slender, striking deep into the mud. Leaves growing in thick tufts, six or seven inches long, extremely like young rushes, convex on the back, flat, or slightly convex in front; at the base swelling into a kind of bulb, covered by a thin tender skin, which bursts and discovers numerous minute whitish seeds, which, examined in the microscope, appear spherical, rough, somewhat transparent, and having three ribs meeting in a centre. Woodw. Leaves so brittle that they break on the least attempt to bend them. The transverse diaphragms very visible. I have often found the plant in seed in July. Griffith. (The fronds themselves are highly curious. A tranverse section represents four tubes; a longitudinal one shows that these tubes are separated at regular distances by transverse bars or dissepiments, as in the tube of a Conferva. Hook. E.)

QUILL-WORT. At the bottom of cold alpine lakes. In Ffynnon frech, a small lake near the top of Snowdon. Ray. Mr. Griffith. Near Llanberris; and Llyn Ogwen, on Snowdon; Loch Tay, and other Highland lakes. Lyn y Cwn near Snowdon. Pennant. Derwent-water, Cumberland. Mr. Woodward. (Ullswater, lower end; and Gowbarrow-pike. Hutchinson. E.) Loch Lomond. Dr. Hope. (Loch of Clunie, Perthshire, abundant. Mr. Brown. Loch Leven. Mr. Arnott. Lakes in the Rosses, Donegal. E. Murphy, Esq. In White Meer, near Ellesmere, Mr. Griffith. E.) P. May-Sept.

Var. 2. Huds. Dill. 80. 1.

Leaves not so stiff, from the base of which rises a stem throwing off shoots at different distances. Richardson, in R. Syn.

I apprehend that Richardson here has applied the word stem, to the shoot which connects the offspring to the mother plant.

I have found leaves of it in Llyn Ogwen, but could not procure an entire plant. Mr. Griffith. At the bottom of Derwent-water. Mr. Woodward. Var. 3. Huds. Leaves very brittle, sometimes twice as long as those of var. 1, narrower and more pointed, transparent, with many minute pores, Richardson, in R. Syn. Grows with var. 1. ib. 307.

FILICES.

OPHIOGLOS'SUM.+ Capsules numerous, nearly globular,

(Fish are said to feed, and grow fat, on these plants. The taller, more slender varieties, have been suspected to be occasioned by the frequent rising of mountain waters; but, as the shorter kind is observed to be intermixed, in the same situations, and in an equal state of maturity, this suggestion is scarcely satisfactory. E.)

+(From ops, a serpent, and yλworx, a tongue; a name exceedingly appropriate to the appearance of the plant. E.)

without an elastic ring; united by a membrane into a two-rowed spike; opening crosswise when ripe: Seeds numerous, minute.

O. VULGATUM. (Leaf egg-shaped, veinless, about as tall as the spike, which it bears. E.)

Dicks. H. S-(Hook. Fl. Lond. 78. E.)-E. Bot. 108-Sheldr. 28-Fl Dan, 147-Fuchs. 577—Lonic. i. 103—J. B. iii. 708. 2—Trag. 323— Kniph. 6-Cam. Epit. 364-Park. 506-Gars. 425-Tourn. 325. 1Bolt. 3-Blackw. 416. 1 and 2—H. Ox. xiv. 5, row 3. 1—Barr. 252. 1— Matth. 594-Ger. 327-Dod. 139. 1-Lob. Obs. 471. 1, Ic. i. 808. 2Ger. Em. 404. 1-Fructification, Hedw. Th. 4. 20. 21. 22. 23. Stem solitary. Leaf egg-spear-shaped, embracing the fruit-stalk. Spike strap-shaped, at first green, when ripe brown. Woodw. Leaf sometimes slightly lobed with small appendages on one or both sides, Bolt. (always solitary. (This perennial herbaceous plant increases in height, and its age may be exactly ascertained, by the successive additions of caudices. Mr. Lyell, in Fl. Lond. E.)

ADDER'S TONGUE. (Irish: Luss na teangah. Welsh: Tafod y neidr cyffredin.) Moist cold meadows and pastures. Meadows and sides of rivulets in the north of Yorkshire. Curtis. Love Lane, near Derby. Mr. Whately. Near Blymhill, Staffordshire. Rev. S. Dickenson. Beddington, near Bungay. Mr. Stone. Near Meltingham Castle, Suffolk, frequent. Mr. Woodward. Broadmoor, near Birmingham. Liverpool. Dr. Bostock. In Anglesey. Welsh Bot. E.)

(About

P. May-June.* Var. 2. Many-spiked. Fruit-stalk divided at the top, each branch supporting a spike; Bolt., and the spike itself sometimes divaricating. Blackw. 416. 3-Bolt. 1. 1-Lob. Ic. i. 809. 1-Ger. Em. 404. 2-H. Ox. xiv. 5, row 3, f. 2—H. Ox. Ib. f. 3. 4. 5. 6—Cam. Epit. 364-Park. 506. the lesser figures. OSMUN'DA.† Spike branched: Capsules distinct, sessile, globular, two-valved: without an elastic ring; opening either vertically or horizontally.

(1) Fruit-stalks distinct, rising from the stem at the base of the leaf. O. LUNA'RIA. Stalk solitary: bunch lateral: leaf winged, solitary. Dicks. H. S.-(Hook. Fl. Lond. 66. E.)-Kniph. 11-E. Bot. 318-Blackw. 420-Fl. Dan. 18. 1-Garid. 78, at p. 346-Col. Phyt. 18-Cam. Epit. 643. 1-Bolt. Fil. 4-Barr. 252. 3-H. Or. xiv. 5. 1-Lon. i. 77. i— Matth. 903-Ger. 328. 2-Matth. a. C. B. 647. 1-Clus. ii. 118. 2—Dod. 139. 2-Lob. Obs. 470. 3, Ic. 1. 807. 2-Ger. Em. 405. 2-Park. 507Fuchs. 483-J. B. iii. 710-Trag. 914.

Within the base of the stem, early in the spring, may be found a complete

(An ointment prepared from the fresh leaves has been recommended as a vulnerary to green wounds by Matthiolus, Tragus, and others; and is sometimes used as such in this country. E.)

† (Possibly derived from the Anglo-Saxon word mund, signifying strength, (and hence Osmond, an appellation of the Celtic deity Thor), in allusion to the supposed invigorating virtues of these plants. Fl. Lond. E.)

rudiment of the next year's plant. Linn. Wings of the leaf fleshy, crescent-shaped, (whence its trivial name in both languages, E.) semi-circular, and halberd-shaped. Woodw. About five inches high. Leafits irregularly scolloped. Spikes, or rather panicle, from one to two inches long. MOONWORT. (Irish: Luss na Misia. Welsh: Lloer-redynen gyffredin. O. Lunaria. Linn. Huds. Lightf. Fl. Brit. E. Bot. Botrychium Lunaria. Willd. Decand. Hook. E.) Mountainous meadows and pastures in Westmoreland; near Settle, Yorkshire; Scadbury Park, Kent ; and Chisselhurst Common. Mear Bank, by Sykes Wood, Ingleton, Yorkshire. Curtis. North side of Bredon Hill, Worcestershire. Nash. Near Bury. Mr. Woodward. Stratton Heath, Norfolk. Mr. Crowe. On coalpit banks near Stourbridge. Mr. Waldron Hill. (Bootle, near Liverpool. Dr. Bostock. Sea coast between South Shields and Sunderland. Winch Guide. In an old pasture on Oversley Hill, near Alcester. Rufford, in Purt. Near Alaw and Aberffraw rivers, Anglesey. Welsh Bot. E.) P. May-July. Var. 2. Linn. Leaves and stalks several. Cam.

Cam. Epit. 644-Matth. a. C. B. 647. 2.

Found in England. Cam. ib.

Leaves in pairs, doubly winged, wings cut. Wild. n. 875.

Var. 3. Leaves cloven into segments.

Breyn. Cent. 93-H. Ox. xiv. 5, row 2. 3-Fl. Dan. 18. 3.

Osmunda Lunaria ß. Huds. Bolt. p. 5.

Westmoreland, and the northern counties. R. Syn.

(Mr. Bolton found a variety on a high knoll in the grounds of Shibden Hall, near Halifax, with leaves shaped like an expanded fan, divided by narrow sections running almost down to the base into four or five lobes, which are deeply crenated at their extremities. E.)

(2) The leaf itself bearing the fructification.

O. REGALIS. Leaf doubly winged: bunches terminal, more than doubly compound.

Knigh. 2-(Hook. Fl. Lond. 150. E.)-E. Bot. 209-Pluk. 181. 4—Trag. 543-Blackw. 324-Tourn. 324-Fl. Dan. 217-Bolt. 5-J. B. iii. 736 Dod. 463-Lob. Obs. 474. 1 and 2; Ic. i. 813-Ger. Em. 1131-Park. 1038-Ger. 971-H. Ox. xiv. 4, row 3. 1-Gars. 273-R. Syn. Ed. i. 1. 2, at p. 1.

Capsules opening vertically. Stackh. From two to four feet high, of a pleasant transparent green. Leaves doubly winged. Leafits strap-spearshaped, blunt, finely but indistinctly serrated, the lower and younger ones often lobed at the base. The upper wings change into clusters of capsules, and lose all appearance of foliage. Fructification, when ripe, red brown.

OSMUND ROYAL.

FLOWERING FERN. ROYAL MOONWORT. (Scotch : ROYAL BRACHENS. Welsh: Rhedynen cyfrdwy. E.) Watery places and boggy marshes. About Cosgarne and Marazion, in the mouths of old mines. Mr. Watt. Bogs near Yarmouth. Mr. Woodward. St. Faith's, Newton Bogs, near Norwich. Mr. Crowe. (Low-gelt-bridge, and Keswick. Hutchinson. Allonby Moss, Cumberland. Rev. J. Dodd. Chartley Moss, Staffordshire. Hon. Mr. Bagot. Between Crosby and Formby,

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