SUBULA'RIA. Pouch with half-egg-shaped valves: Style shorter than the pouch: (Cotyledons linear, incumbent. Br. E.) (CAKI'LE. Pouch of two single-seeded articulations; upper articulation with an erect sessile seed, the lower one with a pendulous one, (sometimes abortive): Cotyledons accumbent. Br. E.) CRAM'BE. Pouch deciduous; globular; like a dry berry: Filaments four, long ones cloven at the end: (Cotyledons accumbent. Br. E.) I'SATIS. Pouch deciduous; spear-shaped; with one seed: (Cotyledons incumbent. Br. E.) VEL'LA. Pouch with valves only half the length of the partition: (Cotyledons accumbent. Br. E.) [Coronopus Ruellii.] (2) Pouch notched at the end. I'BERIS. Two outermost petals the largest: (Pouch obcordate; one seed in each cell. E.) (TEESDA'LIA. Pouch emarginate; valves keel-shaped: Seeds two in each cell: Filaments each having a scale at its base: Cotyledons accumbent. Br. E.) COCHLEA'RIA. Pouch heart-shaped: Valves blunt: Seeds numerous. (CORO'NOPUS. Pouch nearly entire, compressed, rugged, without valves, two-seeded. E.) LEPID'IUM. Pouch heart-shaped: Valves sharply keeled: (Cotyledons mostly incumbent: Seeds solitary. E.) * TALAS'PI. Pouch inversely heart-shaped, cloven: Valves (in some species) bordered; keeled: Seeds numerous. SILIQUOSA. (1) Calyx closed; the leafits approaching lengthwise. RAPH'ANUS. (Pod jointed, tumid, valveless: Seeds globular. E.) (In L. petræum, two in each cell. E.) ERYS'IMUM. Pod four sided: (Seeds not bordered: Cotyledons incumbent: Stigma capitate, sometimes notched, with the lobes lying open: Cal. closed. Br. E.) CHEIRANTHUS. Germen with a gland on each side its base: (Cal. converging, the two opposite leaves gibbous. E.) HES'PERIS. Glands within the shorter stamens: Petals oblique: (Pod angular: Summit divided into approaching lobes: Seeds not bordered. E.) AR'ABIS. Glands four; within the leafits of the calyx: (Pod linear, flat: Seeds in a single row. Br. E.) BRAS'SICA. (Glands two within the shorter stamens; two outside the longer: Calyx closed: Pod nearly cylindrical, beaked, with two valves. E.) TURRITIS. Petals upright: (Pod linear, keeled: Seeds in a double row. Br. E.) DENTA'RIA. (Pod lanceolate; opening elastically: rolling back: Seeds on flat, dilated stalks. E.) (2) Calyx open, the leafits wide asunder upwards. Valve CARDAMINE. (Pod linear, opening elastically: Valves rolling back: Seeds on capillary stalks. E.) SINA'PIS. (Pod opening, cylindrical, with a prominent partition: Calyx expanding horizontally: Petals erect. E.) (NASTUR'TIUM. Pod rounded, (sometimes short.) Valves concave, neither ribbed, nor keeled: Cotyledons accumbent: Cal. spreading. Br. E.) SISYM'BRIUM. Pod rounded or angular: Cotyledons incumbent, (sometimes obliquely) flat: Cal. spreading, (sometimes nearly erect. Br. E.) (BARBA'REA. Pod four-edged: Cotyledons accumbent : Seeds in one row: Cal. erect; shorter filaments with intermediate glands. Br. E.) [Brassica Napus.] SILICULOSA. ALYS'SUM.* Pouch entire, crowned with the style: Valves (Possibly from a, privative, and λúcca, madness; it formerly being considered efficacious against bydrophobia. E.) concave, parallel to the partition: (two of the filaments marked with little teeth. E.) (A. MARITIMUM. Stem somewhat woody, much branched, spreading: leaves spear-shaped, acute, entire, hoary with adpressed hairs; stamens simple: seeds solitary. E. Bot. 1729-Curt. Mag. 101. Leaves alternate. Blossoms numerous, white, fragrant. Stamens and claws of the petals, turning purple in decay. Pouches in long clusters, twocelled, two-seeded, a little convex. E. Bot. SWEET ALYSSUM. A. maritimum. Willd. A. minimum. Linn. Half a mile from the sea near Aberdeen, added to the British Flora by Professor W. Duncan of Aberdeen. Since found on the maritime cliffs of Devon, at Budleigh-Salterton, by Dr. Hooker; but suspected not to be wild there. In the more genial climates of the South, perennial; in this country more frequently annual. E.)* (CAMELINA.† Pouch sub-ovate, many-seeded; valves tumid: Filaments without teeth. E.) (C. SATIVA. Stem herbaceous: leaves spear-arrow-shaped pouch inversely egg-shaped, bordered, thrice as long as the style. E.) (Hook. Fl. Lond. 70-E. Bot. 1254. E.)-Fl. Dan. 1038-Kniph. 11— Trag. 655-Lonic. i. 154. 1—Ger. 213. 2—Dod. 532. 1—Lob. Obs. 111.3, and Ic. i. 221. 2—Ger. Em. 273. 3-Park. 868. 2-Pet. 48. 11-H. Ox. iii. 21, row 3. 2—J. B. ii. 892-H. Ox. ii. 21, row 2. 1. f. 4—Matth. 1172. Stem (two to three feet high, E.) cylindrical below, somewhat angular above, slightly hairy, clothed with leaves. Leaves alternate, spearshaped, arrow-shaped at the base, half embracing the stem, slightly toothed, hairy. Blossom yellow. Pouches on long fruit-stalks, terminated by a long style; partition extending beyond and forming a strong ridge round the seed-vessel. Woodw. (Petals blunt, entire. Seeds slightly angular, inversely egg-shaped, never notched at the end. Fl. Brit. E.) GOLD OF PLEASURE. (C. sativa. Crantz. Br. in Ait. Pers. De Cand. Hook. Sm. Grev. Myagrum sativum. Linn. Lightf. Oed. Willd. Moenchia sativa. With. Roth. Hull. Alyssum satirum. Fl. Brit. E. Bot. E.) Corn-fields; among flax often plentifully, but apparently imported with it from foreign countries. Near Bridport and Lime in Dorsetshire. Heydon, Norfolk. Rev. Mr. Bryant. (În Hezlington field near York. Sir Thomas Frankland. Out of St. Giles's Gate, Norwich, by the road side. Sir J. E. Smith. Lackenheath Field, by Wangford, Suffolk. E. Bot. (On Ballast Hills, and waste ground, Durham; and Jesmond fields, near Newcastle. Mr. Winch. Calton Hill. Mr. D. Steuart. Grev. Edin. E.) A. May-June. * (It is commonly cultivated in gardens for its agreeable honey-like scent; and we should suppose might prove a valuable acquisition to the apiarian border. E.) + (Supposed a corruption of Chamælinum; but the appropriate meaning is not very intelligible. E.) It is cultivated in Germany for the sake of the expressed oil of the seeds, which the inhabitants use for medicinal, culinary, and economical purposes. The seeds are a favourite food with geese. Horses, cows, goats, and sheep eat it. (CAKI'LE. Pouch angular, of two joints, each of one cell, without valves; the uppermost deciduous: Seeds solitary. E.) (C. MARITIMA. Pouch egg-shaped, smooth, two-edged and two jointed; (leaves fleshy, pinnatifid, blunt. E.) (Hook. Fl. Lond. 160. E.)-E. Bot. 231-Fl. Dan. 1168-Kniph. 8—Lob. Obs. 110. 3, and Ic. i. 223. 1-Ger. Em. 248. 5-Park. 821. 1-H. Ox. iii. 6. 20-Pet. 46. 6—J. B. ii. 868. 1. Plant smooth, sea green, (succulent. E.) of a saline taste. Pouches deciduous, and leaving a cloven base behind. Linn. Root slender, woody, running deep into the sand, and terminated by a few rigid fibres. Stem (six to twelve inches high, E.) woody, much branched. Leaves oblong wedge-shaped, flexuose, sessile, deeply cut or wing-cleft. Flowers pale purple. Fruit-stalks short. Pouches large and fleshy. Woodw. Leaves wingcleft, fleshy, smooth, the terminal segment largest. Glands, one within each shorter stamen, and one on the outside each pair of longer stamens. (After blossoming, the plant assumes a totally different appearance, for the corymbs of flowers, which were almost embosomed in the leaves, run out into long branches, whose conspicuous seed vessels thus become racemed. Fl. Lond. E.) SEA ROCKET. (Welsh: Hegydd y morlan. C. maritima. Willd. De Cand. Br. Sm. Hook. Grev. Bunias Cakile. Linn. Lightf. With. Oed. Fl. Brit. E.) Sea shore, in deep sand, just above high water mark. Yarmouth, Norfolk; Southwold, Suffolk. Mr. Woodward. Coast of Anglesey. Welsh Bot.; and Caroline Park. Grev. Edin. (North Shore, near Liverpool; Ryde, Isle of Wight. Dr. Bostock. On the west shore near Folkstone harbour. Mr. G. E. Smith. E.) On the sandy Den at Teignmouth, plentiful. A. June-Oct. CRAM/BE.* The four longer filaments cloven at the end, one of the clefts bearing the anther: Seed-vessel coriaceous, globular, deciduous. C. MARITIMA. Leaves, (roundish, glaucous, wavy; E.) they and the stem very smooth. (E. Bot. 924. E.)-Fl. Dan. 316—Ger. 248. 16-Pet. 48. 12-Ger. Em. 315. 15-H. Ox. iii. 2. 16-Park. 270. 4. b.-Lob. Adv. 92, and Ic. i. 245 -Park. 270. 4. a.—Ger. 248. 15-J. B. ii. 830. 2; (not Kniph. 10, C. maritima.) Whole plant smooth. Stems many, spreading, and much branched. Rootleaves on leaf-stalks, very large, spreading wide on the ground, variously waved, jagged, and indented, fleshy, sea-green, sometimes tinged with purple. Stem-leaves sessile. Fruit-stalks long. Flowers white. Pouch at first egg-shaped, terminated by a blunt summit, afterwards nearly globular. Woodw. Blossom large, white, (sometimes yellowish, and the claws of the petals and filaments often purple. SEA COLEWORT. CLIFF or SEA KALE. (Welsh: Ysgedd arfor. E.) Sandy sea shores. Near Mevagissey, Cornwall. Mr. Watt. Between Dunwich and Southwold on the Suffolk coast, abundantly. Roosebeck in Low Furness, Lancashire. Mr. Woodward. E.) Chalk cliffs at Wey(From xpaußos, dry, arid; as growing in sandy soil. E.) mouth; Lulworth cove, and many other places on that coast. Abundant on the sand hills of the Lincolnshire coast. Sir J. Banks. Also at Mundesley, Norfolk. Sir J. E. Smith. (Near Bodowen mill, Anglesey. Welsh Bot. Near Fast Castle, Berwickshire. Lightfoot. On the cliffs of the Dover coast; and in similar situations of Devonshire very frequent, where it has long been used by the inhabitants as an agreeable esculent, the young shoots, nearly buried beneath the sand, being white, tender, and sweet. E.) P. May-June. I'SATIS. Pouch entire, bordered, oval-spear-shaped, compressed, one-celled, one-seeded, crowned by the style. I. TINCTORIA. Root-leaves scolloped: stem-leaves arrow-shaped, entire: (pouch abrupt, smooth, thrice as long as broad. Sm. E.) Cultivated.-Fuchs. 332—J. B. ii. 909. 2—Matth. 635-Dod. 79. 2-Lob. Obs. 190. 1. and Ic. i. 352. 1-Ger. Em. 491. 2-Pet. 48. 9. Wild.-E. Bot. 97-Fuchs. 331—J. B. ii. 909. 1-Matth. 634-Dod. 79. 1 -Lob. Obs. 189, and Ic. i. 351. 2—Ger. Em. 491. 1—Park. 600. 3—Trag. 256-Ger. 394-H. Ox. iii. 15. 10 and 11-Blackw. 246-Lonic. i. 149. 1. Pouches on slender fruit-stalks, hanging down. Woodw. (chesnut-coloured, shining. E.) Stem branched, woody, (two feet high, wand-like, leafy, smooth, panicled. E.) Leaves (glaucous, E.) the uppermost strapspear-shaped. Calyx yellow. Petals notched at the end, yellow. Pouches chesnut-coloured, (shining. E.) WOAD. (Irish: Gurmiu. Glastum sativum. Ger. Ray. G. sylvestre. Ger. The young and tender leaves are boiled as cabbage, but when full grown and green they are tough, and occasion giddiness. (It is frequently cultivated in gardens, and blanched, and may be readily protected from the severest cold by a covering of sand, or an inverted garden pot, with litter. By forcing, it may be supplied for the table from November till May: and proves an excellent substitute for asparagus; also an useful ingredient in soups.-It was introduced into Covent-garden by the late Mr. Curtis, (who had observed it about Barnstaple), in 1792. We are informed by Sir J. Banks, that this plant has been seen in the Orkneys on sand incapable of bearing any other crop, and has been proved to furnish food for sheep. Horses, cows, goats, and swine also eat it. E.) (From the ancient Greek name icaris; the meaning of which seems to be lost; but it has been invariably connected with the Glastum and Vitrum of the Romans, supposed to mean our Woad. E.) Woad is much used by the dyers for its blue colour, and as a mordant for many other colours. It is cultivated in Bedfordshire, some parts of Northamptonshire, and Somersetshire, especially in the country around Keynsham, (remarkable also for its beds of CornuAmmonis, or snake-stones, those "headless coils" which have racked the invention of superstition itself wherever found), whence after being steeped in vats of water, the green fecula deposited at the bottom is washed, made into cakes, and sent to distant manufac turers. Woad requires to be raised on fresh land in good heart, and being an exhausting crop, a high rent is expected. The ground will not admit of being sown with Woad more than twice, a third crop rarely paying the necessary expenses. Hence the gangs of people called Woaders, who make the culture of this herb their peculiar employment, never stay |