globules; segments fringed, and the mouth closed with long hairs; teeth pointing upwards after the blossom falls off, the three upper equal, the two lower longer, and more pointed. Blossom tube with white clubshaped hairs; upper lip lilac-coloured within; lower lip pale, but marked with three round spots, and a few short streaks of a deeper hue. Summit one segment greatly longer than the other, and hooked. (Blossom twice the length of the calyx. E.)

COMMON CALAMINT. BAUM. (Irish: Luss na beag. Welsh: Erbin cyffredin. T. Calamintha. Scop. Relh. Sm. Melissa Calamintha. Linn. Huds. With. Ed. 4. Purt. Calamentha. Riv. E.) Sides of roads and corn-fields. Dudley Castle. Near Tamworth Castle. Banks of the Avon, near Bristol. (About Dorking. Mr. Winch. On the higher parts of Penmon parish, and Llangoed, Anglesey. Welsh Bot. Road sides, Chudleigh, Devon. Rev. J. Pike Jones; and by the side of the road between Shaldon and Mary-Church. E.) P. June-Aug. MELIT TIS.+ Calyx wider than the tube of the blossom: Bloss. upper lip flat, entire; lower lip trifid: Anthers each pair forming a cross.

M. MELISSOPHYLLUM.

(E. Bot. 577. E.)—Jacq. Austr. 26—Kniph. 6—Riv. Mon. 21-Lob. Obs277. 2, and Ic. i. 515. 1-Ger. Em. 690. 3. f. 1—Park. 41. 4-Fuchs. 498 —J. B. iii. 233. 2-Trag. 12—Clus. ii. 37. 2-Cam. Hort. 30—J. B. ib. 1.

Calyx upright, three-cleft; the upper segment often marked with a small tooth on each side. Blossom white; tube twice as long as the calyx; border with four divisions, expanding, consisting of an upper lip roundish, upright, entire; and a lower lip with three clefts, the middlemost larger, flat, entire, purple. Anthers yellow, shorter than the blossom. Linn. Stem some what square, scored, hairy. Calyx hairy below, nearly smooth above, large, veined and tipped with purple. Woodw. Whole plant hairy. Leaves opposite, egg-spear-shaped, wrinkled, serrated, the teeth terminating in purplish glands. Fruit-stalks from the bosom of the leaves, two or three together, not expanding altogether. Calyx, border on the upper side turned outwards like a spout, with a spear-shaped segment on each side, the lower lip cut off and finely serrated. Blossom white, stained with purple, except the middle segment of the lower lip, which is full purple edged with white.

(On further examination of specimens from Devonshire and other parts, we much doubt the permanency of any specific distinction in Smith's M. grandiflora; (E. Bot. 636-Curt.-Mill. Ill.-Ger. Em. 690. 3. f. 2 -said to grow in most coppices of Devon and Cornwall; as the road-side between Liskeard and Callington, and a mile from Ashburton on the road to Plymouth.) The character attempted to be established, of “Calyx

All the plants of this genus yield a fragrant, aromatic odour, and an essential oil. (they are said to make agreeable tea, of somewhat tonic effect: and to them not improperly may be applied the encomium upon their congener:

"And Balm that never ceases uttering sweets."

Or metaphorically,

"A tender smile, our sorrow's only Balm." E.)

† (From μextra, a bee; it being productive of honey, and grateful to that in sect. Ę.)

three-lobed," in M. Melissophyllum ; and " calyx four-lobed," in M. grandiflora, appears to be far from invariable. Curtis declares the divisions of the lips of the calyx to be "altogether inconstant;" the Rev. J. Pike Jones, who enjoys peculiarly favourable opportunities of studying the habits of these plants, observes, "the calyx of M. grandiflora is frequently trilobed?" and Smith himself admits that "the calyx varies a little with respect to occasional notches ;" and that this plant "generally resembles the preceding." The white margin, surrounding the purple spot on the lower lip of the blossom, cannot be accounted very material in constituting a species. "Nimium ne crede colori," says our great master; and in respect to size of blossom, it will not be found to exceed the general luxuriance of other parts of the individual foccasioned by favourable soil and situation. E.)

BASTARD BALM. BALM-LEAVED ARCHANGEL.

Melissophyllum. Riv. Hedges and Woods in the West of England. About Totness, Devonshire; Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire; New Forest, Hants. (In St. Leonard's Forest, going down into Isemonger's Gill, by the cross road from Hand Cross to the Horsham road. Mr. Borrer. E.)

P. May-June.* SCUTELLA RIA.+ Calyx, border nearly entire, after flowering covered by a dorsal rib.

S. GALERICULATA. Leaves heart-spear-shaped, scolloped, wrinkled: flowers axillary.

Curt. 155-(E. Bot. 523. E.)-Kniph. 8-Riv. Mon. 77. 1, ScutellariaBlackw. 516-Walc.-Fl. Dan, 637—H. Ox. xi. 20, row 3. 6-Lob. Obs. 186. 3, and Ic. i. 344. 2-Dod. 93. 2-Ger. Em. 477. 10-Park. 221Pet. 34. 10.

(Stem acutely quadrangular, nearly smooth, twelve to eighteen inches high, much branched. Blossom funnel-shaped, blue, externally pubescent, solitary, three-fourths of an inch in length. Anthers purple. Summits simple. Leaves on very short leaf-stalks, wrinkled, veined, pubescent, paler underneath. E.)

COMMON SCULL-CAP. (Welsh: Cyccyllog mwyaf. E.) Banks of rivers and edges of ponds. P. July-Aug.t

S. MINOR. Leaves heart-egg-shaped, nearly entire: flowers axillary. Dicks. H. S.-Curt. 283—(E. Bot. 524. E.)-Ger. Em. 581. 3-Park. 220. 4-H. Ox. xi. 20, row 3. 8-Pet. 34. 11-Ger. 466. 2.

Small and slender. Leaves egg-shaped with only one or two scollops at the base. Woodw. Plant from four to eight inches high, generally unbranched. Leaves sometimes egg-spear-shaped, a little serrated towards

(A truly elegant flower, not unfrequently admitted into gardens. Though of an unpleasant scent when fresh, when dried it is said to become delightfully fragrant. E.) +(From the resemblance of the calyx to a sort of cup with a lid to it, called scutella. E.)

When the blossom falls off, the cup closes upon the seeds, which, when ripe, being still smaller than the cup, could not possibly escape, or overcome its elastic force, (as is done by the down of the seeds in the compound flowers,) and must consequently remain in useless confinement. But nature, ever fruitful of resources, finds a method to discharge them. The cup becoming dry, divides into two distinct parts; when the seeds, already detached from the receptacle, fall to the ground. Cows, goats, and sheep eat it; horses and swine refuse it.

the base, slightly hairy. Calyx with two lips, but very slightly cloven; upper lip with a flat ridge running across it, which, when the blossom falls, enlarges, and pressing down the upper lip, closes the mouth of the calyx, giving it the appearance of a helmet; middle segment rather shorter, nearly flat; lower lip broad, rather reflexed, but neither notched at the end nor keeled beneath. Blossom pale reddish purple, the lower lip mottled within with deeper coloured spots. Anthers white. Summit slightly cloven. (Leaves broader and less wrinkled than those of the preceding species. Flowers scarcely half so large; very rarely blue, according to Curtis. E.)

LESSER SCULL-CAP. Boggy ground and edges of ponds. Hampstead Heath, (where Gerard first discovered it, in 1590, "neere unto the head of the springs that were digged for water to be conveied to London." E.) Mr. Aikin. Lewesdon Hill. Mr. Baker. In Goldmire, near Dalton. Mr. Atkinson. Seaman's Moss, on the part next to Altringham, Cheshire. Mr. Caley. (In Bagot's Park, and on Norton Bog, Staffordshire. Hon. Mr. Bagot. Needwood Forest, Staffordshire. In Terrington Car, Yorkshire. Teesdale. Sides of bogs on the forest near Tunbridge Wells. Forster, in Bot. Guide. In a pit at Streatham. Martyn. Putney and Shirley Commons. Curtis. Wareham Heath, and in Purbeck. Pulteney. Culgaith Moor, and Keswick. Hutchinson. Mr. Winch says no Botanist has since noticed it in Cumberland. Boggy places in Staley Moor, Cheshire. Mr. Bradbury. Swampy meadows and pastures about Carnarvon and Llanberris. Bingley. On the bogs of Haldon, Devon. Rev. J. Pike Jones. At Brabourne, Willesboro' Leas, and Ham Ponds, Kent. Mr. G. E. Smith. On Cae rhôs Lligwy, Anglesey. Welsh Bot. Banks of the Clyde at Rose-bank. Ure. Hook. Scot. E.) P. July-Aug. PRUNEL'LA.* Filaments forked, one of the divisions bearing the anther Summit cloven.

P. VULGARIS. All the leaves egg-oblong, serrated, on leaf-stalks: upper lip of the calyx lopped, tridentate.

Curt. 229-(E. Bot. 961. E.)-Ludw. 19-Kniph. 5-Fl. Dan. 910Blackw. 24-Mill. 69. 2-Dod. 136. 1-Lob. Obs. 251. 3, and Ic. i. 474. 2-Ger. Em. 632. 1-Park. 1680. 1-H. Ox. xi. 5, row 1. 1. f. 4-Pet. 32. 11-Walc.-Riv. Mon. 29. 1. Brunella-Ger. 507. 1-Fuchs. 621-J. B. iii. 428. 2—Trag. 310-Matth. 963.

In open sunny situations it grows trailing, and not above a finger's length, but in woods it is upright, and near a foot high. Linn. Whole plant thinly set with hairs. Leaves opposite. Floral-leaves heart-shaped, ribbed, edged with purple and fringed. Calyx, upper lip with seven ribs ; lower lip with two spear-shaped segments, each marked with three lines, and serrated with short stiff hairs. Blossom blue, purplish, or white; upper lip slightly notched at the end: lower lip, middle segment jagged. Summit, segments revolute. (Stem often branched, set with whitish hairs. Flowers densely whorled, forming an obtuse, cylindrical, oblong, solitary spike. E.)

(Var. Fl. alb. Aspatria Moss, Cumberland. Rev. J. Dodd. E.)

SELF-HEAL. (Irish: Keannavan beug. Welsh: Meddyges lás, E.) Meadows and pastures. P. Aug.

(From the German die breune, sore throat; the plant having formerly been esteemed as a vulnerary for the cure of aptha and inflammation of the fauces. E.)

ANGIOSPERMIA.

BART'SIA. Capsule two-celled: (Seeds angular. E.)

B. VISCO'SA. Upper leaves alternate, serrated: flowers distant, lateral: (stem cylindrical. E.)

(Hook. Fl. Lond. 167-E. Bot. 1045. E.)-Lightf. 14 at p. 321-Ger, 85— Pluk. 27. 5-Pet. 36. 6-Barr. 665.

Stem cylindrical, simple, though sometimes branched nearly to the middle; about a foot high. Leaves sessile spear-shaped, sharply serrated, slightly hairy. Flowers solitary, axillary, on short fruit-stalks. Calyx very large, as long as the blossom, with four or five deep divisions. Blossoms yellow. Filaments rolled spirally. (Whole plant viscid. Bloss. having a large, patent three-lobed lower lip, with two tubercles in the centre. Seeds destitute of winged angles. Hook. E.)

(YELLOW VISCID BARTSIA. E.) Marshes in Cornwall and Devon. Near Ormskirk, Lancashire. Hudson. Cornfields near Plengwarry, and Cosgarne, Cornwall. Mr. Watt. (Allerton, near Liverpool. Mr. R. Roscoe; Crosby, and four miles north-west of Warrington, plentiful. Dr. Bostock. Banks of Gair Loch, Scotland. Mr. Winch. In fields above Dartmouth Castle. Rev. J. P. Jones. Plentiful in a field opposite the county gaol at Bodmin, and at the Land's End. Mr. W. Christy. In a pasture opposite the hill of Dumbuck, at the western end of the range of Kilpatrick mountains. Mr. Maughan; and near Greenock battery. Mr. M. Y. Starke. Fl. Lond. Meadows about Drymma, and other places near Swansea. Mr. Dillwyn. Said to be common in the counties of Kerry and Cork. E.). A. July-Sept. Leaves opposite, (obscurely heart-shaped; E.) bluntly serrated: (stem quadrangular. E.)

B. ALPINA.

Dicks. H.S.-(Hook. Fl. Lond. 87-E. Bot. 361. E.)-Fl. Dan. 43—Pluk. 163. 5-Pon. in Clus. ii. 343.

(The upper leaves or bracteas, smaller, and tinged with violet colour. E.) Blossoms in leafy spikes, (deep purplish violet colour, three times the length of the coloured viscid calyx, claviform, a little curved. Stem about a span high, upright, simple, leafy. Turns singularly black in drying; Hooker: as also does the former species. E.)

ALPINE BARTSIA or PAINTED-CUP. Banks of rivers in rough sunny places. By a rivulet near Orton, in crossing the road to Crosby, Westmoreland. Ray. (Among rocks to the east of Malghyrdy in the Highlands of Scotland. Dickson. Near Widdy Bank in Teesdale Forest, Durham. Mr. Winch. P. July-Sept. E.)

B. ODONTITES. (Leaves spear-shaped, serrated: upper ones alternate: flowers in unilateral clusters: stem quadrangular. E.)

(So named by Linnæus in honor of his beloved friend, Dr. John BARTSCH, of Koningsberg, a most ingenious young man of great promise, devoted to the study of nature, who perished untimely whilst pursuing his researches in Surinam, whither he was sent by the illustrious Boerhaave. This event is feelingly lamented by Linnæus in his "Flora Suecica,” p. 211. “Juvene pulcherrimo, candidissimo et certe doctissimo ac nationis suæ ornamento: * meliori fato, si quis alius, dignissimus." E.)

Curt.-Kniph. 12-(E. Bot. 1415. E.)-Fl. Dan. 625-Riv. Mon. 90. 2, Odontites-Dod. 55-Lob. Obs. 261. 2, and Ic. i. 496. 2—Ger. Em. 91.2— Park. 1329. 3-H. Ox. xi. 24. 10-Pet. 36. 4-Ger. 85.

Stem about a foot high, bluntly four-cornered, rough. Branches in opposite pairs. Leaves sessile, opposite, rough; spear, or strap-spear-shaped. Flowers pointing one way, forming long, terminal, leafy bunches. Calyx hairy without, coloured. Blossom pubescent; upper lip slightly notched at the end; lower lip, middle segment slightly indented. Filaments flatted. The lobes of all the anthers terminate at the base in a short taper point, and between the lobes are white club-shaped substances. Germen compressed, hairy, surrounded and sheathed at the base by a thin membrane. Summit a knob. Leaves sometimes reddish. Blossoms dusky red, or purple: (rarely white. Curt. Seeds angular, striated. Sm. E.)

Var. 2. Flowers white. Stem very pale green. Leaves without any tinge of red.

Gathered by Rev. Bourne on Northington Farm, Grimley, near Worcester. (Mr. Woodward also found this variety growing near Diss, in Norfolk. E.)

(RED BARTSIA or PAINTED-CUP. (Irish: Ruisnin Raihairk. Welsh: Gwaedlys bychan. B. Odontites. Huds. Relh. Sm. Hook. Grev. Euphrasia Odontites. Linn. (Lightf. With. to Ed. 7. Hull. Sibth. Abbot. Curt. In corn-fields, meadows, and pastures. E.) A. July-Sept. RHINAN'THUS.* Calyx quadrifid, inflated: Capsule twocelled, compressed: (Seeds compressed, imbricated. E.) R. CRIS'TA-GALLI. (Upper lip of the blossom compressed, arched, and shorter: calyx smooth: leaves spear-shaped, serrated. E.)

Curt. 320-(E. Bot. 657. E.)-Kniph. 12—Fl. Dan. 981-Riv. Mon. 92. 2, Christa Galli-Dod. 556. 1-Lob. Obs. 285. 2, and Ic. i. 529. 2—Ger. Em. 1071. 1-Park. 713. 2—H. Ox. xi. 23, row 2. 1-Pet. 36. 2-Walc.-J. B. iii. 436. 3-Ger. 912.

Calyx equal, four-cleft, (enlarged after flowering. E.) Capsule bordered at the edge. Seeds inclosed by a loose membrane. Linn. Stems obscurely quadrangular, with dark purple stains. Leaves in pairs, opposite, sessile, above dark green and rough, beneath grey, curiously reticulated with green veins. Blossom yellow; segments of the upper lip bluish. Germens surrounded at the base by a membranous nectary, and in the front a short, thick, crooked, horn-shaped gland. The seeds when ripe rattle in the capsule, (whence its English name, and announce mid hayharvest. E.)

Var. 2. Linn. (Willd. R. major. Ehrh. Sm. Blossoms smaller, upper lip purple. (Also distinguished, according to Dr. Richardson, by its greater size, being two feet high, and much branched, bushy appearance. E.) Corn-fields between Wetherby and Catall, and near Boroughbridge, Yorkshire; and West Newton, Northumberland. Ray. (Frequent in the mountainous pastures near Llanberris, North Wales. Mr. Griffith. E.) YELLOW RATTLE. (COCK'S-COMB. PENNY-WEED. Irish: Bodan Chloi

(From pí, the nose; and avtos, a flower; in allusion to the form of the blossom, though not a palpable hit. E.)