AN ARRANGEMENT OF BRITISH PLANTS, ACCORDING TO THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS OF THE Linnean System ; WITH AN EASY INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF BOTANY. ILLUSTRATED BY COPPER PLATES. BY WILLIAM WITHERING, M.D. F.R.S. MEMBER OF THE ROYAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AT LISBON; FELLOW OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY; HONORARY MEMBER OF THE ROYAL MEDICAL SOCIETY AT EDINBURGH, &c. THE SEVENTH EDITION. IN FOUR VOLUMES: INCLUDING THE MOST RECENT DISCOVERIES, AND NUMEROUS ENLARGED ANNOTATIONS BY WILLIAM WITHERING, Esq. LL.D. F.L.S. EXTRAORDINARY MEMBER OF THE ROYAL MEDICAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH; MEMBER OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LITERATURE OF THE UNITED KINGDOM, &c. &c. &c. "Nor are the Plants, which Britain calls her own, VOL. III. LONDON: PRINTED FOR C. J. G. AND F. RIVINGTON; J. NUNN; LONGMAN, REES, 1830. Here to account the endlesse progeny Of all the Weeds that bud and blossom there; But so much as doth need must needs be counted here." SPENSER. "The contemplation of Nature can never be otherwise than beneficial, and to see her beauties with an instructed eye will add a zest, even to the loveliest province of Creation, utterly unfelt by the careless observer." BRIT. BOT. CLASS XII. ICOSANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. PRUNUS. Cal. beneath, five-cleft: Bloss. five petals: Drupa with an entire nut. [Crataegus.] DIGYNIA. CRATE GUS. Cal. superior, five-cleft: Bloss. five petals: Berry (only dimpled, E.) two-seeded. [Prunus insititia.] PENTAGYNIA. MES'PILUS. Cal. superior, five-cleft: Bloss. five petals: (Apple (Pomum) five-seeded, deeply concave at the top. E.) PY'RUS. Cal. superior, five-cleft: Bloss. five petals: (Fruit a Pomum, with two to five (generally two-seeded) cells. E.) SPIRE'A. Cal. beneath, five-cleft: Bloss. five petals: Pericarps three to twelve, one-celled, two-valved: Seeds one to three in each cell. E.) POLYGYNIA. RO'SA. Cal. five-cleft: Bloss. five petals: Calyx contracting so as to form a fleshy, many-seeded berry. TOL. III. RU'BUS. Cal. five-cleft: Bloss. five petals: Berry superior, compound, (granules single-seeded. E.) TORMENTIL'LA. Cal. eight-cleft: Bloss. four petals: Seeds eight, awnless. DRY'AS. Cal. five to ten-cleft: Bloss. five to eight petals: Seeds many, with feathery awns. FRAGA'RIA. Cal. ten-cleft: Bloss. five petals: Seeds many, deciduous, smooth, placed on a berry-like receptacle. Cal. ten-cleft: Bloss. five petals: (Seeds many, beardless, rugose. E.) POTENTILLA. GEUM. Cal. ten-cleft: Bloss. five petals: Seeds many, with a jointed awn. CO'MARUM. Cal. ten-cleft: Bloss. five petals: Seeds many permanent, upon a fleshy, globular, villous receptacle. [Spiræa. Sempervivum tectorum.] MONOGYNIA. PRUNUS.* Calyx five-cleft, beneath: Petals five: Drupa one-celled, closed at top: Nut with prominent seams. P. PADUS. Flowers in pendulous bunches: leaves deciduous, with two glands at the base on the under side. (E. Bot. 1383. E.)-Fl. Dan. 205–Ger. 1322. 9-Dod. 777. 1—Ger. Em. 1504. 9-J. B. i. a. 228-Lob. Obs. 593. 2—Park. 1517. 3. (A small tree, with smooth bark. E.) Calyx finely serrated; within at the bottom beset with numerous woolly hairs. Petals serrated. Stamens twenty-five. (Leaves alternate, on leaf-stalks, inversely-egg-shaped, sharp-pointed, serrated, veined, smooth, slightly glaucous, smelling somewhat like Rue. Bunches solitary, simple, many-flowered, leafy at the base. Flowers white. Fruit black, nauseous. Fl. Brit. Stone of the drupa rugose, answering the characters of Amygdalus, not smooth as in Prunus; thus confirming the assertion of Gærtner, that no solid character exists between these two genera. E. Bot. E.) BIRD CHERRY. (In Scotland HOG CHERRY. E.) Woods and hedges in the northern counties. Ir a lane between Temple Mills and Epping Forest. About Ingleborough, Yorkshire. Curtis. Woods in Norfolk, common. Mr. Woodward. Hedges at Pendeford, Stafford. Mr. Pitt. Woods by the Tees. Mr. Robson. A few miles north of Manchester, very common in woods and hedges. Mr. Caley. (All along the banks of the Dee. Mr. (Said to be a word of Asiatic origin; in Greek pen, supposed to signify the wild Plum. E.) |