(WOOD JUNGERMANNIA. E.) Woods and moist shady places in Westmoreland. (Pentland Hills. Greville. E.) P. March-April.

J. RESUPINA TA. Shoots doubly winged above: leafits finely scolloped, tiled, circular.

(Hook. Jung. 23. E.)

(Plant pale green. Stems not an inch long, procumbent, except the fructified extremities. Leaves spreading, the lobes nearly equal, except in the lower ones, where the upper lobes are smallest, margin entire. Peduncle nearly half an inch long. Calyx compressed at the mouth, incurved, and minutely denticulate. Grev. Much smaller than J. undulata. Hook. E.)

(RECLINING JUNGERMANNIA. E.) In clefts of rocks, and on turfy heaths. P. April. J. AL'BICANS. (Stem erect, subdivided: leaves unequally two-lobed, lobes conduplicate, with a pellucid line in the middle, serrated at the extremity; lower ones larger, sub-cymitar-shaped; upper ones oblong-ovate, acute: fruit terminal: calyx obovate, cylindrical; the mouth contracted, toothed. Hook. E.)

(Hook. Jung. 25-E. Bot. 2240. E.)-Dill. 71. 20-Vaill. 19. 5. Shoots one to two inches long, not creeping, but reclining. Weis. Forming dense patches, one shoot lying on another. Leafits two-rowed, half a line long, and a quarter broad, very entire; ending in a blunt point. Besides these larger leaves, there is another set only half the size on the upper side of the mid-rib, one at the base of each larger leaf. Involu crum cylindrical, white, terminal. Barren stems reddish at the ends, and containing minute greenish globules filled with a powder. Poll. Whitish when dry. Dill.

(WHITENING JUNGERMANNIA. Under this species Hooker includes J. varia. E.) Woods and wet shady places. P. March-April.

J. COCHLEARIFOR'MIS. Somewhat cylindrical, rather upright: leafits concave, roundish.

Hook. Jung. 21, f. 16-E. Bot. 2500. E.)-Dill. 69. 1—Mich. 5. 16, but more evidently fringed than in our plants.

Leafits pointing from two opposite lines, nearly egg-shaped, transparent, smooth, embracing the stem, pointed, each furnished with a very small earlike appendage. I have never seen any other than barren plants. Linn. Stems hollow, reddish. Scop. Shoots creeping, strap-shaped, the ends rising upwards. Leafits about a line in diameter, flat. Poll. Varies greatly in appearance. The young plants in wet places crowded, upright. Leaves very small, roundish, nearly flat, pellucid, alternate, without appendages. When older, the leaves are large, more closely set, convexo-concave, with scaly appendages at the base, resembling the leaves in shape. In some plants, when fully grown, the leaves are roundish; in others spoon-shaped; and in another variety, gathered on the banks of mountain lakes, I have found the leaves green, pellucid, not crowded, almost embracing the stem. Shoots sometimes branched, from one inch to a foot long when growing in running water. Have not found it in flower. Dill. Have frequently found it with fertile heads. Huds. I have found the capsule filled with ripe seeds, but closely enveloped by the leaves at the extremity of the plant, and probably never rising above them.

Since writing the above I have received a specimen from Mr. Griffith in fruit, the fruit-stalk more than an inch long. He found it for the first time in this state, last summer, when the rills were dry or nearly so, and thence concludes that it only flowers in very dry seasons. Possibly the very tender and delicate fruit-stalk may be destroyed in rainy seasons. (SHELL-LEAVED JUNGERMANNIA. J. cochleariformis. Weis.) J. purpurea. Scop. Lightf. With. Ed. ii. Mnium Jungermannia. Linn. (J. nemorosa var. B. purpurascens. Hook. who considers this species as scarcely differing from J. nemorosa a, but in the deep purple colour of the whole plant. E.) Bogs, rivulets, and cascades in mountainous situations, and in ditches and turfy heaths. On Cader Idris, Snowdon, and Glyder. Dillenius. In moist peat earth on a mountain called Cowsand, and on the sides of hills in the forest of Dartmoor, Devon. Mr. Newberry. In all the rills near Snowdon. Mr. Griffith, (who says his plant is certainly the same that he has seen in all collections, without fructification, as Mnium Jungermannia. E.) P. March-Aug.

Var. 2. Leafits very entire.

Smaller than the preceding, upright, green, not purple. variety mentioned by Dillenius as growing in bogs. W. Griffith, Esq.

Seems to be the Specimens from J.

C. (2) Leaves winged: leafits with appendages: fruit-stalks lateral or

at the base.

J. OVATA. Shoots creeping, branched: leafits egg-shaped, alternate, with appendages underneath: sheathing the involucrum inversely egg-shaped. Dicks. ii. 11.

Dicks. 8. 6.

Fruit-stalks terminal and lateral. Involucrum ragged at the top. Dicks. (OVATE-LEAVED JUNGERMANNIA. E.) On barren heaths.

J. TRILOBA'TA. (Stem creeping, flexuose, branched: leaves imbricated above, ovate, convex, obtusely three-toothed: stipule broadly subquadrate, crenate: fruit arising from the lower part of the stem : calyx oblong, subacuminate, the mouth cleft on one side. Hook. E.)

(Hook. Jung. 76—E. Bot. 2232—Mich. t. 6. f. 2. E.) About an inch long, trailing, branches distant. Leafits with three to five shallow clefts at the end. Involucrum about two lines long, terminating. Fruit-stalks very short. Weis.

(THREE-LOBED JUNGERMANNIA. J. radicans. E. Bot. Unknown to Dillenius, whose synonym, according to most authors, Prof. Hooker announces to belong to J. quinquedentata. Grows in large patches, often a foot in diameter, in subalpiue situations, but is seldom found in fructification. E.) P. March-April.

J. REPTANS. Shoots doubly compound: fruit-stalks lateral: leafits four-cornered, snipped towards the end: stipulæ four-cleft. (Hook. Jung. 75-E. Bot. 608. E.)-Schmid. 68-Dill. 71. 24-Schmid. Jung. f. 8. 13.

Fruit-stalk from the base. Capsules blackish, shining. Dill. Appendages underneath the leafits. Neck. Tender, creeping, irregularly branched, limber, about one inch long. Leafits very minute, ending in three or four little teeth. Involucrum three-sided, whitish, toothed. Fruit-stalk white, shining. Capsules oblong-egg-shaped. Weis. Dill.

(A beautiful species universally dispersed throughout Europe; in habit closely allied to J. trilobata, having, like that plant, its leaves imbricated on the upper surface, large dentate stipules, flagella beset with leaf-like scales, and a whitish membranaceous calyx, proceeding from the under part of the stems. Hook. E.)

(CREEPING JUNGERMANNIA. E.) Moist shady places, and woods. P. Dec.-April. branched: leafits alternate, in pairs, bristle-shaped, equal. Linn. Leaf simply winged, flowering at the base. Huds. 510.

J, MULTIFLO'RA. Shoots creeping,

(Hook. Jung. 8. E.)—Dill. 69. 4.

Shoots thread-shaped, half to one inch long. Leafits short. Weber. Invo lucrum central, numerous, crowded, white, four-cleft. Fruit-stalks slender, white, long. Capsules large, reddish brown. Dill. (Stems exceedingly slender, in tufts, or solitary among Sphagna, half an inch to two inches long, irregularly branched in a distant lax manner. Leaves very minute, setaceous, in pairs. Colour pale green. Peduncle a quarter of an inch long, Grev. E.)

(MANY-FLOWERED JUNGERMANNIA. J. setacea. Web. Hook. E.) Shooter's Hill, near London. Dillenius. (Moist shady places. Auchendenny woods. Grev. Edin. E.) P. March.

D. Shoots tiled with leafits.

J. COMPLANA'TA. Shoots creeping: leafits doubly tiled, with little scales underneath: branches of an equal breadth throughout. (Hook. Jung. 81—E. Bot. 2499. E.)—Fl. Dan. 1062—Curt.-Dill. 72. 26 -Mich. 5. 21.

Leafits circular. Fruit-stalks terminal, very short. Neck. From one to two inches long, flat, irregularly branched, adhering close to the bark of trees in broad patches; soft to the touch and flaccid when wet. Fruitstalks hardly a line long, rising from the origin of the branches as well as from their extremities, out of a scaly involucrum, which is lopped at the end. Capsule small, black, of short duration. Weis. Dill. (Fructification abundant at all seasons. Grev. The circumstance of the roots most frequently proceeding from the surface or pagina, (not from the margins,) of the leaves, in small tufts, is highly curious. Hook. E.) (FLAT JUNGERMANNIA. E.) Trunks of trees, in hedges and thickets, flourishing most in moist situations. P. Jan.-April.

(The wonderful structure of these diminutive vegetables can only be discovered under the microscope; and the capsules of the present species, as Curtis observes, afford, when ready to burst, and aided by the point of a needle, much entertainment; for the elastic hairs inside will instantly appear in motion, and throw off the globules attached to them in great numbers, and with considerable force. E.)

J. DILATA'TA. Shoots creeping: leafits doubly tiled, with little scales underneath: branches broader towards the end.

(Hook. Jung. 5—E. Bot. 1086. E.)-Schmid. 67-Dill. 72. 27—Vaill. 19. 10 -Mich. 6. 6—Neck. Meth. 1. 3, at p. 273.

Leafits circular, in a double row, Neck.; convex, smaller, and shoots narrower than in J. complanata. Involucrum terminating the branches, three-cornered; Neck.; colour dark green, or reddish. Fruit-stalk one line long. Weis. Shoots strap-shaped, lying on one another, forming dense roundish patches. Branches distant, winged. Involucrum mostly terminating, half a line long. Fruit-stalk very short. Capsule minute, globular. Pol.

(The barren fructification may be seen on the same individual as the fertile, though it is far more abundant on separate plants. In this instance, (and some others,) the genus is to be considered both monoecious and dioecious. Hook. E.)

(DILATED JUNGERMANNIA. J. tamariscifolia. Schreb. Schmid. E. Bot. E.) Trunks of trees, closely adhering to the bark. P. March-April. J. TAMARIS'CI. Shoots doubly compound: fruit-stalks terminal: leafits roundish, with appendages underneath: stipule egg-shaped,

notched.

(Hook. Jung. 6-E. Bot. 2481. E.)-Schmid. 67—Dill. 72. 31—Mich. 6. 5 -Vaill. 23. 10.

Greatly resembles J. dilatata, Neck.; but the shoots are much longer, crowded and lying one upon another, more slender, more branched; branches of a uniform breadth, blunt at the ends, not closely attached to the tree on which it grows, but rather hanging down. The mid-rib is more exposed to view, and on the under side appears jointed, and covered with small scales cloven at the end. Fruit-stalk terminating, very short. Capsule brown yellow. Weis. Dill. Leafits circular, very entire. Capsule very minute. Pol. (By no means so common as the last. Patches conspicuous from their purplish colour, varying to green in shady situations. Hook. E.)

(TAMARISK JUNGERMANNIA. J. tamariscina. E. Bot. J. tamariscifolia. With. Ed. 3. &c. Hooker alledges sufficient reasons for adopting the alteration now made: considering the name tamarisci, as used by Linnæus in Syst. Nat. and Sp. Pl. (though not in Fl. Suec.) as most applicable. E.) Trunks of trees and rocks. (A rare plant in Lancashire, but found in a fir wood near Child wall. Mr. Shepherd. Covering the Juniper bushes on the Pentland Hills. Greville. E.) P. Feb.-March,

J. EX'CISA. Shoots creeping, branched: fruit-stalks terminal: leaves tiled, concave, notched at the end: sheathing involucrum inversely egg-shaped. Dicks. ii. 11.

(Hook. Jung. 9-E. Bot. 2497. Shoots cylindrical, closely tiled with leaves.

Dick.

E.)—Dicks. 8. 7.

Involucrum toothed at the top.

(NOTCHED JUNGERMANNIA. E.) Moist shady woods in England. (Highland mountains, and marshes, common. Hooker. E.)

J. PLATYPHYL'LA. (Fronds procumbent, much branched, spreading, triply auricled beneath: leaves heart-shaped, obtuse: sheaths

toothed.

(Hook. Jung. 40-E. Bot. 798. E.)-Vaill. 19. 9-Dill. 72. 32—Mich. 6. 3 and 4—H. Ox. xv. 6, row 2. 44—Happ. iii. Jungermannia.

About a finger's length, growing in close patches; doubly winged. Leafits egg-spear-shaped, tiled in a double row, with appendages underneath. Weis. Fruit-stalk short, lateral and terminal. Involucrum blunt, compressed, about one line in height. Capsules minute, upright, smooth, shining, yellowish. Pol. Grows in large tufts on walls and trunks of trees, one layer upon another, fixed only by the ends, irregularly branched. Leaves crowded, tiled, pellucid, thin, dark green, the edges and the ends turned down. Dill. (Rarely found in fruit. E.)

(RECURVED JUNGERMANNIA. E.) On trunks of trees, and on walls. Old walls, Bungay. Mr. Stone. P. March-April.

Var. 2. Leaves shorter and rounder. Hall. n. 1872. Lightf. 785.

Dill. 72. 33-Mich. 6. 1.

Leaves heart-shaped, rounder than in the preceding. Mid-rib entirely covered underneath by scales. Branches at right angles to the shoot. Have not seen it in flower. Dill.

Trunks of trees. Dillenius.

(J. TOMENTEL'LA. Stem nearly erect, bi-pinnate: leaves nearly flat, unequally two-lobed, cut into numerous capillary segments; superior lobes bipartite, inferior, minute: stipulæ subquadrate, laciniate: fruit axillary: calyx oblong, cylindrical, hairy, open at the mouth. Hook. E.)

(Hook. Jung. 36-E. Bot. 2242. E.)—Dill. 73. 35. Primary branches alternate, secondary ones alternate likewise, but so closely set as to appear nearly opposite; larger and more numerous in the barren than in the fertile plants. Leaves pale green, woolly, extremely crowded, and very minute. Involucrum in the angles of the branches, long, woolly, straw-coloured. Fruit-stalk white, pellucid. Capsule oblong, black. Dill. (It bears considerable affinity to J. ciliaris of Linn. but besides the great difference in colour, (J. ciliaris being always of a rich yellow brown,) our present plant is much less convex in the upper surface of its leaves, which are divided into four narrower segments, and the lacinia are considerably longer, and more numerous, as well as greatly more branched. Hook. E.)

(DOWNY-LEAVED JUNGERMANNIA. J. tomentella. Ehrh. Dicks. Hook. J. ciliaris. Weis. Huds. With. Lam. not of Linn. Growing in patches often several feet in diameter, and conspicuous from its extremely pale green colour. E.) Moist woods and heaths, and wet mossy places near rivulets in Yorkshire, Cumberland, and Westmoreland; in a small current of water which runs through Oldfall Wood between Highgate and Muswell Hill, about Chichester, Sussex, and Dorking, Surry. Ray, and Dillenius. In the Highland Mountains near Aberfeldy. Dickson. On a dry sandy bank on Brome Heath, near Bungay. Mr. Stone. (Very abundant at Allan's Ford, near Durham. Mr. Thornhill, in Hooker. E.) P. March-April.