the angles of the branches, composed of short, narrow, reflexed scales. Fruit-stalks one and a half to two inches long. Capsules rust-coloured, crooked when ripe. Lid pointed. Dill.

(This fine species differs most strikingly from the rest of the genus by its peculiar habit, its white membranous and undulated leaves; and still more remarkably from all its British congeners by its furrowed capsules, giving it the same relation with the Hypna as Mnium bears to Bryum. Musc. Brit. E.)

(WAVED FEATHER-MOSS. E.) Woods, shady places, and moist rocks. On the top of Snowdon. (In Bingley Woods, Yorkshire, where it may be frequently observed in fruit. Hailstone in Whitaker's Craven. E.) P. March-April.

H. ALBICANS. Shoot branched, ascending: fruit-stalks lateral: capsules oblong: lid conical, blunt: leaves oblong-spear-shaped, bristle-pointed.

Dicks. H. S.-Hedw. Stirp. iv. 5—(E. Bot. 1300.-Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)— Vaill. 26. 9-Dill. 42. 63.

Shoots about two inches long, scattered, almost upright, but little branched, yellowish green mixed with white. Leaves spear-shaped, bristly at the end, every where surrounding the stem. Fruit-stalks lateral, half an inch upright, red; but rarely found. Capsules small, oval, oblique, rather nodding; yellow red. Lid short. Mouth fringed. Dicks. Scarcely upright, not crowded together, a little branched, shoots slender, yellowish pale green. Leaves slender, pressed to, soft, shining. Involucrum hairy. Dill.

(WHITISH SILKY FEATHER-MOSS. E.) In loose sandy soil on heaths, and places thinly clothed with grass: but seldom with capsules. Dill. May. H. STRIATUM. Branches crooked: leaves egg-shaped, scored, acute, expanding in every direction: lid pointed.

Hedw. Stirp. iv. 13-(E. Bot. 1648-Musc. Brit. xxvi. E.)-Dill. 38. 30 -Vaill. 27. 1—H. Ox. xv. 6, row 3. 8, p. 625.

Slender, creeping, matted together, irregularly branched. Leaves small, triangular, pale green. Fruit-stalks half to three quarters of an inch in length. Capsules swollen, short, nodding. Involucrum slender, scales narrow, ending in hairs. Dill. (Leaves scored. Fruit-stalks often twisted, untwisting when moistened and turning the capsule from the right to the left.

(SCORED-LEAVED FEATHER-MOSS. E.) H. rutabulum y. Huds. and With. Ed. i. Woods and bushes, on the roots and trunks of trees. P. Jan. H. TRIQUETRUM. Branches bowed back: leaves egg-shaped, spreading: fruit-stalks axillary.

(E. Bot. 1622-Musc. Brit. xxvi. E.)-Dill. 38. 28-Vail. 28. 9—Buxb. iv. 63. 1.

Branches unequal. Leaves triangular, pointed. Linn. Spreading to a foot in length, reddish, elastic, rising upwards. Often grows upright. Branches frequently bent to the ground, their extremities taking root. Leaves broad, triangular, not keeled, tender, pellucid, pale green, pointed. Involucrum rigid, oblong, composed of reflexed scales, sometimes two or

three together. Fruit-stalks seldom more than an inch high. Capsules uprigh, thin; when ripe thicker, leaning, crooked. Dill.

(GREAT TRIANGULAR FEATHER-MOSS. E.) Woods about the roots of trees, and in dry barren pastures. P. Sept.-Jan. H. FLUITANS. Shoots branched: capsules oblong: lids conical: leaves egg-spear-shaped, distant, expanding.

(E. Bot. 1448-Musc. Brit. xxiv. E.)-Dill. 38. 33-Vaill. 33. 6. Fruit-stalks fine red, in some plants very long, in others scarcely an inch long. Capsules red, hooked, very short, fringed at the mouth. Linn. Much branched, slender, a foot long or more, either upright or floating. Leaves narrow, alternate, those on the stem fewer and broader than those on the branches, soft, pellucid, yellow green. Capsules not hitherto found. Dill.

(FLOATING FEATHER-MOSS. E.) Stagnant waters. (Marshy places (sometimes in streams; rarely fructifying but in places that are only occasionally inundated. Musc. Brit. E.)

H. RUTABULUM. Branches irregular, ascending: leaves tiled, eggshaped, acute, sharp-pointed: lids conical.

Hedw. Stirp. iv. 12—(Musc. Brit. xxvi. E.)-Buxb. iv. 62. 2–Fl. Dan. 824. 2—H. Ox. xv. 6, row 5. 18—Vaill. 27. 8—Dill. 38. 29, capsules the best, but the shoots, as Haller remarks, are too round-H. Ox. v. 6. 35.

Leaves pellucid. Mouth fringed. Weis. Leaves triangular, green, shining when dry, not keeled. Capsule dark brown, shining. Dill. (COMMON ROUGH-STALKED FEATHER-MOSS. E.) Grows much crowded, in patches, and full of fructifications. Woods and hedges, on the roots and trunks of trees and shrubs: on the ground in barren places.

P. Sept.-Jan.

Var. 2. Upright, short. Leaves slender.
Marshy places. Dill. in R. Syn. p. 83. n. 18.

(The authors of Musc. Brit. include under this species both H. crenulatum. E. Bot. 1261; and H. brevirostre. E. Bot. 1647. (not of Ehrh.) E.)

C. (1) Shoots winged with branches: capsules upright.

H. SMITH'II. Leaves nearly circular, somewhat concave: capsules egg

cylindrical: veil hairy upwards. Dicks. ii. 10.

(E. Bot. 1326-Musc. Brit. xiv. E.)-Dicks. 5. 4.

Deep green. Shoots hard, woody, pointed: in the middle, or towards the end, bowed in. Branches, if pressed down, recovering their former direction, on the pressure being removed. Wings strap-shaped, bowed in and curled at the ends. Leaves tiled, open, pressed to at the base. Involucrum cylindrical, the leaves egg-spear-shaped, ending in hairs. Fruitstalks numerous, solitary, very short. Capsules upright, egg-shaped, nearly cylindrical, reddish brown, shining. Fringe obscurely toothed. Lid roundish, with a beak a little oblique. Veil slanting. Dicks.

(Used to pack glass and earthenware: for which purpose several other of the larger species might answer equally well. E.)

(CURLING FEATHER-MOSS. Pterogonium Smithii. Sw. Sm. Musc. Brit. E.) Trunks of trees (at the half-way house, E.) near Barham Downs, Kent. Sir J. E. Smith. (Near Walthamstow. Mr. Dillwyn. Near Weymouth. Mr. Groult. E. Bot. Abundant in Devonshire, Musc. Brit. E.)

H. PENNATUM. Leaves egg-spear-shaped, tiled, pointed, in two rows,
compressed, waved: involucrum as long as the fruit-stalk.
Dicks. H. S.-Hedw. Stirp. iii. 20—(E. Bot. 1443-Musc. Brit. xxii. E.)—
Dicks. Fasc. i. 8.

Differs from H. complanatum in the leaves being transversely waved, and the fruit-stalk not being longer than the involucrum; and from Fontinalis pennata in the capsule standing out of the involucrum. Dicks.

(SMALL QUILLED FEATHER-MOss. E.) Neckera pumila. Hedw. Sm. Hook. Musc. Brit. E.) H. pumilum, and H. Dicksoni, of Gmel. Trunks of trees in woods between Troutbeck and Ambleside, Westmoreland. Sir J. E. Smith. (Colbourn Grove, adjoining the Frith wood, near Painswick, Gloucestershire: in fruit in May. Mr. Oade Roberts. Very abundant in the New Forest, Hants: at Inverary and Cliesh, plentiful, but generally rare in Scotland. Musc. Brit. E.)

H. NITENS. Branches very short: leaves spear-awl-shaped, shining. (Fl. Dan. 1123. 2—E. Bot. 1646—Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)—Dill. 39. 37. Shoots upright, one to three inches high. Branches lateral. Leaves closely set. Fruit-stalks terminal and axilary. Capsules egg-shaped, leaning when ripe. Lid short, conical, pointed. Mouth entire. Web. Leaves very narrow, almost hair-like. Involucrum very long. Dill. Fruit-stalk near two inches long; capsule rather crooked, which gives it the appearance of leaning.

(SHINING HAIR-LIKE FEATHER-MOSS. E.) Turf bogs, Scotland. Dicks. ii. 12. (Pentland Hills. Mr. Maughan. Near Acle, Norfolk. Mr. Turner. E.)

H.

PLUMO'SUM. Shoots creeping: branches crowded: leaves tiled, awl-shaped.

Dicks. H. S.-Hedw. Stirp. iv. 15—(E. Bot. 2071-Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)Dill. 35. 16.

Shoots about a span long, brownish, with dark rust-coloured wool underneath, by which it adheres closely. Branches from each side of the shoot, generally undivided, clothed with very slender soft and shining leaves. Involucrum hairy. Dill.

(PLUMOSE FEATHER-MOSS. H. alpinum. E. Bot. 1496, according to Musc. Brit. E.) H. sericeum ß. Huds. 506. Trunks and roots of trees: (moist banks and walls. E.) Jan.-Feb.

C. (2) Shoots winged with branches: capsules leaning. H. PROLIFERUM. Shoots proliferous: nearly flat, not shining: fruitstalks several together: involucrum bristly.

Curt. (E. Bot. 1494-Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)-Dill. 35. 14-Vaill. 25. 1— H. Ox. xv. 5, row 3. 20-Tourn. 326. c.-Ger. 1372. 7-Ger. Em. 1561. 7 -Park. 1360. 3-J. B. iii. 765. 1.

Its structure is very singular; one large compound shoot proceeding from the middle or disk of another, and this repeated several times in the same plant. Linn. A span long or more, doubly winged. Fruit-stalks an inch long (or more) from the middle of the shoot, and from the rib of the branches one to three (four or five) in a place. Involucrum large, conical, hairy. Lid conical, pointed. Veil oblique. Weis. Capsules leaning, reddish, thick. Mouth, fringe in a double row. Leaves so minute as hardly to be well distinguished by the naked eye. Capsules reddish, at first straight, then crooked. The leaves smaller, not shining, the shoots more serpentine, and the bristly involucrum distinguish this from H. parietinum. Dill. H. parietinum, and H. proliferum of Gmel. are both the same plant.

(PROLIFEROUS FEATHER-MOSS. H. parietinum. Willd. E.) Heaths and
thick shady woods.
P. Dec.-Feb.
This singularly elegant Moss covers the surface of the earth in the thickest
woods, through which the sun never penetrates, and where no other plant
can subsist. Linnæus.

(Here might be introduced that very bone of contention, H. recognitum, (E. Bot. 1495), which, unimportant as so minute a production may appear to ordinary perceptions, has actually occasioned a war (bellum civile), of the Giants; but not presuming to rank with the "Maximi," even "in minimis," and, availing ourselves of the privilege of the "statura brevi," we beg to refer the inquisitive student to the arena itself. Vid. Linn. Tr. vol. xiii. p. 461. Musc. Brit. 171. E.)

H. PARIETÍNUM. Shoots proliferous, nearly flat, shining: fruit-stalks several together: involucrum scaly.

(E. Bot. 1424-Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)-Vaill. 29. 1-Dill. 35. 13—Buxb. ii.
1. 2, and ii. 2. 1—Happ. 1, Hypn. 3—Vaill. 29. 1—Schmid. 58. 3.
Fruit-stalks four, five, or more together, at the base of the branches; about
fifteen lines long. Shoot bent at the places where the branches issue out,
so as to be zigzag. Very like H. proliferum in its mode of growth, and
the proliferous shoots sending out other similar shoots, but the leafits
are more distinct, less compacted together, of a pale green with a silky
gloss. Weis. Shoots lying on the ground, from a span to a foot long,
consisting of three or four parts, shewing the annual increase; and as it
grows in length at one end, the other end is converted into roots. Branches
winged. The new shoot puts forth in the spring not from the end of the
old one, but near to its end; it is very densely clothed with leaves, and
after a time sends out branches. Fence scales reflexed. Dill. Both in
this and in H. proliferum, the shoots resemble the winged leaves of
Ferns.

(SHINING TAMARISK FEATHER-MOSS. H. parietinum. Huds. Lightf. With. Relh. Ab. Sw. Roth. Hoffm. Neck. Weis. H. splendens. Hedw. Sibth. Turn. Sm. Hook. E.) Woods, heaths, and shady places.

B. Feb.-March.* H. FILICINUM. Shoots simply winged: leaves oblong, taper-pointed, reflexed, pointing one way: capsules nearly cylindrical lid

convex.

(Fl. Dan. 1123. 1-E. Bot. 1570-Musc. Brit. xxvi. E.)—Vaill. 29.9— Dill. 36. 19.

• Used in Sweden to fill up the chinks in the walls of timber houses.

Fertile shoots trailing, the barren ones upright. Fruit-stalks one or two inches long; from the bosom of the branches. Neck. Shoots from three to six inches, undivided, winged. Wings leafy. Fruit-stalks from the middle of the shoots, one or more in a place. Fence hairy. Capsules reclining. Lid conical, short, blunt. Weis. Sometimes branched, always sending out numerous lateral shoots, which are shorter as they grow nearer to the end of the stem. Leaves very mmerous, pleasant green, narrow, bent back. Dill.

(FERN FEATHER-MOSS. Under the present species Messrs. Hooker and Taylor include H. dubium; also H. fallax, E. Bot. 2127. E.) Marshy places, and near springs. P. March-Summer. H. CRISTA-CASTREN ́SIS.

(Stems closely pectinated: leaves falcatosecund, ovato-lanceolate, acuminated, serrulate, striated, faintly two-nerved at the base: capsule oblongo-ovate, curved, cernuous: lid conical.

(E. Bot. 2108-Musc. Brit. xxvii. E.)

It very much resembles an ostrich feather from its shining parallel rays, by which, and by its silky hue, it is readily distinguishable. Fructifications seldom to be met with. Linn.

(PLUMY-CRESTED FEATHER-MOSS. H. crista-castrensis. Linn. Hedw. E. Bot. Hook. Rocks, about the roots of trees in dry woods and on the ground in stony soils, rare. Near Hawe Water, Rev. James Dalton. Clova mountains, Scotland. Mr. Drummond. Musc. Brit. E.)

P. March-June.

C. (3) Shoots winged with branches: capsules drooping. H. DUBIUM. Shoots taper-pointed leaves upright but expanding: capsules oblong, crooked. Dicks.

(E. Bot. 2126. E.)-Dill. 36. 21.

Leaves yellow green, smooth, narrow, spit-pointed, upright on the upper, reflected on the lower shoots. Fruit-stalks often bent and twisted in a young state; afterwards becoming straight. Capsule oblong, crooked when old. Lid short. Involucrum pyramidal, its scales hairpointed. Dill.

(FINE CURVED-LEAVED FEATHER-MOSS. E.) Wet heaths and marshy places. Feb.

H. ABIE TINUM.

Branches somewhat cylindrical, distant, unequal:

leaves egg-spear-shaped, closely tiled.

(E. Bot. 2037—Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)—Dill. 35. 17—Vaill. 29. 12—H. Or. XV. row 4. 22, p. 626.

Fruit-stalks from the middle of the rib of the shoot, single, purple, straight, as long as the shoot. Veil upright, awl-shaped, pale. Capsule yellowish red, more bowed back than in any of the rest; edge of the mouth entire, with a short open fringe within. Linn. Shoots two to four inches long, elastic when fresh, brittle when dry. Wings limber, alternate below, opposite and shorter above. Leafits egg-spear-shaped, scored, ending in hairs, closely tiled. Weis. Branches straight. Leaves straight, which distinguishes it from H. Filicinum. Scop. Grows matted together, half upright, sometimes branched, three to five inches long. Side shoots awl