between the shoots, and from the bosom of the leaves. Capsules short, thick, drooping. Lid beaked. Mouth, fringe long. Weis. Leaves deep dull green. Fruit-stalks half an inch high. Dill. (The stems often exceed a span in length; and the leaves, in certain situations, attain a greater size than in any other species. Musc. Brit. E.) (LONG-BEAKED WATER FEATHER-MOSS. E.) H. riparioides. Hedw. H. rutabulum d. Huds. and With. Ed. ii. (Recent authorities have decided H. prolixum, Dicks. to be only an elongated var. of this species. E.) (On woods and stones in pools and rivulets. E.) The shoots are often incrusted with calcareous earth, which in time accumulates thereon so as to form masses of twenty or thirty pounds weight. Weis. P. March-Sept. H. LUTES CENS. Shoots trailing: fruit-stalks lateral: leaves eggspear-shaped, scored. Dicks. H. S.—(E. Bot. 1301-Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)—Hedw. Stirp. IV. 16 -Dill. 42. 60. Differs from H. sericeum in the shoots being longer, more slender, and limber; the branches more distant and less crooked, the fruit-stalks longer, the leaves and the involucrum longer; the capsules rather shorter, and bent; the lid also bending. Fruit-stalks from the shoot as well as from the branches. Dill. Plant of a pale yellow green. (YELLOWISH FEATHER-MOSS. E.) H. sericeum y. Huds. Ed. ii. 506. (Banks, and trunks of trees, not uncommon. E.) P. Jan.-April. H. CASSU BICUM. Leaves spear-shaped, scored, hair-pointed: capsules cylindrical, leaning. Dicks. Vaill. 27. 1. Nerves on the leaves more than three. Capsules never upright. Scop. (STRIATED FEATHER-MOSS. E.) On trees, in moist shady places. H. INTRICA'TUM. Shoots creeping: branches short: fruit-stalks lateral: capsules urn-shaped, beak bent: leaves spreading, spearshaped, taper-pointed. E. Bot. 202-Vaill. 28. 2. Forms a close green mat on the Shoots several inches in length. cylindrical, whitish. E. Bot. decayed bark of trees in damp woods. Branches short, slender. Veil slender, (MATTED FEATHER-MOSS. E.) First found by Mr. Teesdale, and since by Sir J. E. Smith, in woods on the south east side of the river at Matlock. H. UNDULATUM. Shoots branched: branches somewhat winged: leaves waved and folded: fruit-stalks lateral and axillary. Dicks. H. S.-E. Bot. 1181-Musc. Brit. xxiv. E.)-Dill. 36.11—H. Ox. xv. 6. 33. A span long, lying flat. Lenfits closely tiled, in a double or triple series. Weis. Fruit-stalks long, slender, reddish. Veil straw-coloured, with a brown spot at the end. Capsules oblong. Lid spit-pointed. Mouth fringed. Involucrum, leaves narrow, short, bent back. Shoot not always branched; its rib yellowish. Leaves tender, pellucid, smooth, shining, pale green, not changing colour when dry. Involucrum lateral, and in the angles of the branches, composed of short, narrow, reflexed scales. Fruit-stalks one and a half to two inches long. Capsules rust-coloured, crooked when ripe. Lid pointed. Dill. (This fine species differs most strikingly from the rest of the genus by its peculiar habit, its white membranous and undulated leaves; and still more remarkably from all its British congeners by its furrowed capsules, giving it the same relation with the Hypna as Mnium bears to Bryum. Musc. Brit. E.) (WAVED FEATHER-MOSS. E.) Woods, shady places, and moist rocks. On the top of Snowdon. (In Bingley Woods, Yorkshire, where it may be frequently observed in fruit. Hailstone in Whitaker's Craven. E.) P. March-April. H. ALBICANS. Shoot branched, ascending: fruit-stalks lateral: capsules oblong: lid conical, blunt: leaves oblong-spear-shaped, bristle-pointed. Dicks. H. S.-Hedw. Stirp. iv. 5—(E. Bot. 1300.-Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)— Vaill. 26. 9-Dill. 42. 63. Shoots about two inches long, scattered, almost upright, but little branched, yellowish green mixed with white. Leaves spear-shaped, bristly at the end, every where surrounding the stem. Fruit-stalks lateral, half an inch upright, red; but rarely found. Capsules small, oval, oblique, rather nodding; yellow red. Lid short. Mouth fringed. Dicks. Scarcely upright, not crowded together, a little branched, shoots slender, yellowish pale green. Leaves slender, pressed to, soft, shining. Involucrum hairy. Dill. (WHITISH SILKY FEATHER-MOSS. E.) In loose sandy soil on heaths, and places thinly clothed with grass: but seldom with capsules. Dill. May. H. STRIATUM. Branches crooked: leaves egg-shaped, scored, acute, expanding in every direction: lid pointed. Hedw. Stirp. iv. 13—(E. Bot. 1648-Musc. Brit. xxvi. E.)—Dill. 38. 30 -Vaill. 27. 1-H. Ox. xv. 6, row 3. 8, p. 625. Slender, creeping, matted together, irregularly branched. Leaves small, triangular, pale green. Fruit-stalks half to three quarters of an inch in length. Capsules swollen, short, nodding. Involucrum slender, scales narrow, ending in hairs. Dill. (Leaves scored. Fruit-stalks often twisted, untwisting when moistened and turning the capsule from the right to the left. (SCORED-LEAVED FEATHER-MOSs. E.) H. rutabulum y. Huds. and With. Ed. i. Woods and bushes, on the roots and trunks of trees. P. Jan. H. TRIQUETRUM. Branches bowed back: leaves egg-shaped, spreading: fruit-stalks axillary. (E. Bot. 1622-Musc. Brit. xxvi. E.)-Dill. 38. 28-Vail. 28. 9—Buxb. iv. 63. 1. Branches unequal. Leaves triangular, pointed. Linn. Spreading to a foot in length, reddish, elastic, rising upwards. Often grows upright. Branches frequently bent to the ground, their extremities taking root. Leaves broad, triangular, not keeled, tender, pellucid, pale green, pointed. Involucrum rigid, oblong, composed of reflexed scales, sometimes two or three together. Fruit-stalks seldom more than an inch high. Capsules uprigh, thin; when ripe thicker, leaning, crooked. Dill. (GREAT TRIANGULAR FEATHER-MOSS. E.) Woods about the roots of trees, and in dry barren pastures. P. Sept.-Jan. H. FLU'ITANS. Shoots branched: capsules oblong: lids conical: leaves egg-spear-shaped, distant, expanding. (E. Bot. 1448—Musc. Brit. xxiv. E.)—Dill. 38. 33—Vaill. 33. 6. Fruit-stalks fine red, in some plants very long, in others scarcely an inch long. Capsules red, hooked, very short, fringed at the mouth. Linn. Much branched, slender, a foot long or more, either upright or floating. Leaves narrow, alternate, those on the stem fewer and broader than those on the branches, soft, pellucid, yellow green. Capsules not hitherto found. Dill. (FLOATING FEATHER-MOSS. E.) Stagnant waters. (Marshy places (sometimes in streams; rarely fructifying but in places that are only occasionally inundated. Musc. Brit. E.) H. RUTAB'ULUM. Branches irregular, ascending: leaves tiled, eggshaped, acute, sharp-pointed: lids conical. Hedw. Stirp. iv. 12-(Musc. Brit. xxvi. E.)-Buxb. iv. 62. 2—Fl. Dan. 824. 2—H. Ox. xv. 6, row 5. 18—Vaill. 27. 8—Dill. 38. 29, capsules the best, but the shoots, as Haller remarks, are too round-H. Ox. v. 6. 35. Leaves pellucid. Mouth fringed. Weis. Leaves triangular, green, shining when dry, not keeled. Capsule dark brown, shining. Dill. (COMMON ROUGH-STALKED FEATHER-MOSS. E.) Grows much crowded, in patches, and full of fructifications. Woods and hedges, on the roots and trunks of trees and shrubs: on the ground in barren places. Var. 2. Upright, short. Leaves slender. Marshy places. Dill. in R. Syn. p. 83. n. 18. P. Sept.-Jan. (The authors of Musc. Brit. include under this species both H. crenulatum. E. Bot. 1261; and H. brevirostre. E. Bot. 1647. (not of Ehrh.) E.) C. (1) Shoots winged with branches: capsules upright. H. SMITH'II. Leaves nearly circular, somewhat concave: capsules eggcylindrical: veil hairy upwards. Dicks. ii. 10. (E. Bot. 1326-Musc. Brit. xiv. E.)-Dicks. 5. 4. Deep green. Shoots hard, woody, pointed: in the middle, or towards the end, bowed in. Branches, if pressed down, recovering their former direction, on the pressure being removed. Wings strap-shaped, bowed in and curled at the ends. Leaves tiled, open, pressed to at the base. Involucrum cylindrical, the leaves egg-spear-shaped, ending in hairs. Fruitstalks numerous, solitary, very short. Capsules upright, egg-shaped, nearly cylindrical, reddish brown, shining. Fringe obscurely toothed. Lid roundish, with a beak a little oblique. Veil slanting. Dicks. * (Used to pack glass and earthenware: for which purpose several other of the larger speces might answer equally well. E.) (CURLING FEATHER-MOSS. Pterogonium Smithii. Sw. Sm. Musc. Brit. H. PENNATUM. Leaves egg-spear-shaped, tiled, pointed, in two rows, Differs from H. complanatum in the leaves being transversely waved, and H. NI'TENS. Branches very short: leaves spear-awl-shaped, shining. (Fl. Dan. 1123. 2—E. Bot. 1646—Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)—Dill. 39. 37. Shoots upright, one to three inches high. Branches lateral. Leaves closely set. Fruit-stalks terminal and axilary. Capsules egg-shaped, leaning when ripe. Lid short, conical, pointed. Mouth entire. Web. Leaves very narrow, almost hair-like. Involucrum very long. Dill. Fruit-stalk near two inches long; capsule rather crooked, which gives it the appearance of leaning. (SHINING HAIR-LIKE FEATHER-MOSS. E.) Turf bogs, Scotland. Dicks. ii. 12. (Pentland Hills. Mr. Maughan. Near Acle, Norfolk. Mr. Turner. E.) H. PLUMO'SUM. Shoots creeping: branches crowded: leaves tiled, awl-shaped. Dicks. H. S.-Hedw. Stirp. iv. 15-(E. Bot. 2071-Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)Dill. 35. 16. Shoots about a span long, brownish, with dark rust-coloured wool underneath, by which it adheres closely. Branches from each side of the shoot, generally undivided, clothed with very slender soft and shining leaves. Involucrum hairy. Dill. (PLUMOSE FEATHER-MOSS. H. alpinum. E. Bot. 1496, according to Musc. Brit. E.) H. sericeum ß. Huds. 506. Trunks and roots of trees: (moist banks and walls. E.) Jan.-Feb. C. (2) Shoots winged with branches: capsules leaning. H. PROLIFERUM. Shoots proliferous: nearly flat, not shining: fruitstalks several together: involucrum bristly. Curt.-(E. Bot. 1494-Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)-Dill. 35. 14—Vaill. 25. 1— H. Ox. xv. 5, row 3. 20-Tourn. 326. c.-Ger. 1372. 7-Ger. Em. 1561. 7 -Park. 1360. 3-J. B. iii. 765. 1. Its structure is very singular; one large compound shoot proceeding from the middle or disk of another, and this repeated several times in the same plant. Linn. A span long or more, doubly winged. Fruit-stalks an inch long (or more) from the middle of the shoot, and from the rib of the branches one to three (four or five) in a place. Involucrum large, conical, hairy. Lid conical, pointed. Veil oblique. Weis. Capsules leaning, reddish, thick. Mouth, fringe in a double row. Leaves so minute as hardly to be well distinguished by the naked eye. Capsules reddish, at first straight, then crooked. The leaves smaller, not shining, the shoots more serpentine, and the bristly involucrum distinguish this from H. parietinum. Dill. H. parietinum, and H. proliferum of Gmel. are both the same plant. (PROLIFEROUS FEATHER-MOSS. H. parietinum. Willd. E.) Heaths_and thick shady woods. P. Dec.-Feb. This singularly elegant Moss covers the surface of the earth in the thickest woods, through which the sun never penetrates, and where no other plant can subsist. Linnæus. (Here might be introduced that very bone of contention, H. recognitum, (E. Bot. 1495), which, unimportant as so minute a production may appear to ordinary perceptions, has actually occasioned a war (bellum civile), of the Giants; but not presuming to rank with the "Maximi," even "in minimis," and, availing ourselves of the privilege of the "statura brevi,” we beg to refer the inquisitive student to the arena itself. Vid. Linn. Tr. vol. xiii. p. 461. Musc. Brit. 171. E.) H. PARIETINUM. Shoots proliferous, nearly flat, shining: fruit-stalks several together: involucrum scaly. (E. Bot. 1424-Musc. Brit. xxv. E.)-Vaill. 29. 1-Dill. 35. 13—Buxb. ii. 1. 2, and ii. 2. 1—Happ. 1, Hypn. 3—Vaill. 29. 1—Schmid. 58. 3. Fruit-stalks four, five, or more together, at the base of the branches; about fifteen lines long. Shoot bent at the places where the branches issue out, so as to be zigzag. Very like H. proliferum in its mode of growth, and the proliferous shoots sending out other similar shoots, but the leafits are more distinct, less compacted together, of a pale green with a silky gloss. Weis. Shoots lying on the ground, from a span to a foot long, consisting of three or four parts, shewing the annual increase; and as it grows in length at one end, the other end is converted into roots. Branches winged. The new shoot puts forth in the spring not from the end of the old one, but near to its end; it is very densely clothed with leaves, and after a time sends out branches. Fence scales reflexed. Dill. Both in this and in H. proliferum, the shoots resemble the winged leaves of Ferns. (SHINING TAMARISK FEATHER-MOSS. H. parietinum. Huds. Lightf. With. Relh. Ab. Sw. Roth. Hoffm. Neck. Weis. H. splendens. Hedw. Sibth. Turn. Sm. Hook. E.) Woods, heaths, and shady places. B. Feb.-March.* H. FILICINUM. Shoots simply winged: leaves oblong, taper-pointed, reflexed, pointing one way: capsules nearly cylindrical: lid convex. (Fl. Dan. 1123. 1-E. Bot. 1570-Musc. Brit. xxvi. E.)-Vaill. 29.9 Dill. 36. 19. • Used in Sweden to fill up the chinks in the walls of timber houses. |