Theological and Miscellaneous Works of Joseph Priestley

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Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 1999 - 14709 pàgines
Joseph Priestley (1733--1804), philosopher, scientist and unorthodox theologian, was one of the intellectual giants of the Enlightenment. He wrote prolifically and made significant contributions in many areas of eighteenth-century life, including physical science, political economy, moral philosophy, history, education, metaphysics and theology. His work was highly influential, and among his followers were Jeremy Bentham, who took up his phrase 'the greatest happiness of the greatest number', and Jefferson, who made use of his ideas in the American Declaration of Independence.

J. T. Rutt's Theological and Miscellaneous Works of Joseph Priestley is the only complete edition of Priestley's non-scientific works. These range from short pamphlets written as a Unitarian minister in Leeds and Birmingham, the Millenial Biblical commentaries of his final years in America, and the radical tracts which led to his exile from England. The edition also includes his philosophical works such as the replies to Reid and other Scottish Thought figures, as well as his own editions of the works of Hartley and Anthony Collins.

Rutt knew Priestley and shared his views and this edition, produced when Priestley was a half-forgotten figure, is in many respects a labour of love. He was a careful editor, judiciously annotating a carefully prepared text. Priestley's autobiography, together with the extensive extracts from his correspondence in the first two volumes, is still the necessary starting point for the study of Priestley's life. Only two hundred copies of the original edition seem to have been printed and copies are virtually unheard of outside major libraries. In a critical introduction, John Stephens explores Rutt's editorial principles, making this remarkable edition as useful as possible to modern scholars.

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Sobre l'autor (1999)

Born in Leeds, England, Joseph Priestley received an education for the dissenting ministry. However, throughout his life, his religious views were far more liberal than those of his fellows, and part of the time he earned his living as a schoolmaster, and later, as the librarian for Sir William Petty, the second Earl of Shelbourne. During those six years, Priestley systematically studied a variety of gases, including nitrogen oxides, ammonia, and oxygen. In 1774 he prepared and collected oxygen by heating mercuric oxide and collecting the gas over mercury. During separate experiments with mice and burning candles in closed systems, he noted that the "dephlogistonated air" or oxygen supported combustion and respiration better than air or nitrogen. Priestley was an amateur scientist; he focused much of his effort on the religious and political issues of late eighteenth-century England. During the Birmingham riots of 1791, he was a target of the mobs because of his liberal religious views. Finally, in 1794, he immigrated to the United States and for the last 10 years of his life lived in Northumberland, Pennsylvania.

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