"A special to the Globe-Democrat from Enid, O. T., says Junius Brutus Booth, the actor, and nephew of John Wilkes Booth, the assassin of President Lincoln, has fully identified the body of the man known as David E. George as his uncle. George, or Booth, committed suicide here Jan. 14 last, and in his effects was found a letter directed to K. L. Bates, of Memphis, Tenn. Mr. Bates came here at once and fully identified the body as John Wilkes Booth. He then went east, and has obtained positive identification of the body from the dead man's nephew and from Joseph Jefferson, Miss Clara Morris, and a score of others who knew him in his early days.

46

According to Mr. Bates's story, he had acted as Booth's confidential agent and attorney for nearly forty years. After Lincoln was shot the assassin escaped to the Garrett plantation in Virginia. According to Mr. Bates, the man who was killed was named Ruddy. Being warned, Booth left Garrett's and was taken care of by friends in Central Kentucky. He later settled at Glenrose Mills, Tex., where he conducted a store for several years as John St. Helen.'

I have often heard the opinion expressed that President Lincoln's assassin escaped

death.

Chicago, U.S.

EUGENE F. McPIKE.

JOHN GILPIN: SHAKSPEARE IN 1790.Many vulgar errors, whether exposed by Sir Thomas Browne or in N. & Q.,' continue to be accepted as truth. Reading in a weekly journal, what has been shown to be untrue, that John Gilpin "was one John Beyer, who lived in Cheapside and died in Bath in 1790," I have turned over the pages of the Bath Chronicle for 1790 and failed to find the name of Beyer among the deaths. Christopher Gilpin did die in that year, but there is no reason for concluding that he ever lived in Cheapside and was a citizen of London.

The following paragraph, which I also found, seems to me worth reproducing. It appears in the number for 11 March, 1790:Tuesday last the collection of Shakespeare's plays, 1623 (commonly called the first folio), was sold at Mr. Egerton's Auction-Room for 357. 148. The Dukes of Grafton and Roxburgh were the competitors for this volume. The latter was victorious. At the same sale Romeo and Juliet,' 4to, 1589, was purchased for 77. 5s., and Hamlet,' 4to, 1604, for 17. 68. 6d. A three-guinea subscription receipt for Alderman Boydell's 'Shakespeare' was likewise disposed of at the same time for 6l. 88."

for the estimation in which his version is held is somewhat difficult to accept. Its failure on publication may have been because so exclusively German a theme militated against its popularity. One suspects that it owes the majority of its readers to Carlyle's enthusiasm for German literature. But apart from this, does the translation "bristle "with palpable errors? No better authority need be sought than the late Prof. A. Buchheim, who termed it "excellent". a strange epithet to use, truly, if the accusation be well founded. On the other hand, it is evident on casual inspection that Coleridge's version differs considerably from the printed German text. But this difference consists mainly of omission and addition. Some years ago, on comparing the translation (ed. Rossetti) with the 1834 text in Schiller's 'Sämmtliche Werke,' I arrived at the conclusion that some five hundred lines were unrepresented in English, and that some two hundred did not appear in the German. Thus there are nine scenes wanting over twenty lines apiece (eg, the Piccolomini,' I. ii.). This, of course, indicates a much greater divergence from the German than Coleridge's apologies in his prefaces and notes would lead one to expect. The only explanation would seem to be that the German manuscript he used differed considerably from the text as printed. Whether this MS. copy still exists I do not know, but it is evidently of cardinal importance in judging the fidelity of the translation. For Coleridge would hardly have the temerity to say in his preface that he had endeavoured to render his author literally if he were responsible for all the apparent deficiencies, redundancies, and rearrangement of scenes which occur in his version. Where, however, his rendering follows the accepted text, the verbal blunders that have been detected seem remarkably few, considering that the translation was accomplished in so short a space as six weeks; and such trifling defects do not seriously detract from the merit of a version which so admirably retains the spirit of the original.

J. DORMER.

"DAKMAKER." (See 9th S. xi. 397.)-I have not been able to find this word in any dictionary, but no doubt the letter k in its first syllable is unusual. Thinking that k might be a misprint for g in Anderson's Guide to the Abbey of Holyrood' (p. 86), I visited the Chapel Royal a few weeks ago, and found that the word is spelt "dakmaker" on the slab referred to. The date on the slab is 1592, and it is plain from the carving on it of a hammer surmounted by a crown that

dagmakers belonged to the craft of hammermen. Steps should be taken to preserve this interesting old slab, which is daily trodden by visitors to the abbey. The inscription and emblems on Wotherspone's slab, which is dated 1520, have been almost entirely obliterated.

I do not know the date of the incorporation of the Canongate hammermen, but the hammermen of Edinburgh were first erected into a body corporate in 1483, when they included smiths of all sorts, saddlers, and bucklers or armourers. Dagmakers are seldom mentioned in the Burgh Records of Edinburgh, and it is probable that their trade was a small one, dags being imported from the Continent in large numbers. For example, a list of articles shipped on one occasion from Flanders to England in 1559 includes "18,000 dagges" (se Scott's 'British Army,' vol. ii. pp. 198, 301).

Among instructions from the Privy Council to the citizens of Norwich in 1584 we read

We must request correspondents desiring information on farly matters of only private interest to affix their ames and addresses to their queries, in order thane answers may be addressed to them direct.

FLEETOD FAMILY. Hester Fleetwood, a daugher of Sir William Fleetwood, of Cardinon Manor, Beds, Receiver of the Court Wards, married before 1600 Sir Oliver Lambart, created afterwards Lord Lambart, Baron of Cavan. On the death of her husband in 1618, Hester, Lady Lambart, became entitled to a life interest in his Westmeath estates; and on 13 July, 1628, when residing in the family mansion in Kilbeggan, Westmeath, she presented to the perpetual curacy of Kilbeggan the Rev. Thomas Fleetwood, who had obtained deacon's orders on 15 April, 1628, and priest's on 12 July, 1628. Information is sought as to the parentage of

co.

this Rev. Thomas Fleetwood. He was the progenitor of a branch of the Fleetwood family that continued to live in or near Kilbeggan until the beginning of the nineteenth century. The Fleetwood pedigree contained in Browne's History of Stoke Newington' ('Bibl. Top. Britann., vol. ii. part ii. p. 28) shows that Hester, Lady Lambart, had, amongst other brothers, a Thomas Fleetwood and a John Fleetwood. Was the Rev. Thomas Fleetwood a son of either of these? A John Fleetwood, apparently a son of the Rev. Thomas, was living in Kilbeggan in 1664.

Has the pedigree of the Fleetwood family compiled by Mr. J. P. Earwaker (referred to in 'D.N.B.' in the article on Charles Fleetwood) been published? It would be of great value to those interested in the history of the Fleetwoods. EDMUND T. BEWLEY. 40, Fitzwilliam Place, Dublin.

KAIMAKAM."—I wonder whether any of your readers could help me to a quotation I wish to get illustrating the word kaimakam or caimacam, a lieutenant or deputy. It appeared in a song which Ronconi used to sing, with much applause, from Mozart's opera Il Ratto dal Seraglio,' and the words were like these:--

6

Kaimakam e Pappataci

Mangiare, bere, e poi dormir. Possibly some one may have the song, or even the Italian version of the opera, and be able to quote the name of the song and a few

lines suitable for my purpose.

p. 79).

W. BROADFOOT, Major.

WESLEY QUERIES.-Can any of your readers put me upon the track of illustrative or explanatory material connected with Wesley's references in his 'Journals' as noted below? 1. Santon Barsisa and his story (vol. ii. 2. Joseph Rule, the White Quaker (vol. iii. p. 81). 3. Mompesson's ghost at Tedworth (vol. iii. 325). Addison's "Drummer of Tedworth," introduced into Hogarth's 'Credulity, Superstition, &c., a Medley,' must be an entirely different matter.

p.

4. A pond, between Wincaunton and Bristol, "in which a great man, a few weeks since (circ. 14 Oct., 1765), put an end to a wretched life. And is death more welcome than life, even to a man that wallows in gold and silver?" (Vol. iii. p. 238.)

The references are to Wesley's 'Works,' ed. 1829, London, 8vo. F.

"CYCLOPÆDIA": "ENCYCLOPÆDIA." — We are all familiar with these words, either of

which is used in English for a dictionary of general information, for which the German equivalent is "Conversations-Lexikon." But which is preferable? 'Rees's,' the 'Penny,' the 'American' (Ripley & Dana), all have "Cyclopædia," not to mention that series of works so well known in its day, "Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopædia." The longest modern work of the kind is the Encyclopædia Britannica.' Chambers's, the Globe,' and others adopt this form, whilst the famous French Encyclopédie,' edited by Diderot, gave rise, from the tone of thought of the writers, to the expression "encyclopedist."

6

Now if we turn to Murray we are told that "cyclopædia" (of the use of which the first example he quotes is of date_1636) is “a shortening or modification of Encyclopædia (itself due to an erroneous Greek reading), perhaps intended to convey more obviously the ostensible sense 'circle of learning,' from Greek Kúkλos and Taideia." Under 'Encyclopædia' we find the first example in Elyot's 'Governour,' date 1531. It is said to be a late Latin word adopted from the pseudoGreek ἐγκυκλοπαιδεία, an erroneous form (said to be a false reading) occurring in manuscripts of Quintilian, Pliny, and Galen, for ἐγκύκλιος παιδεία, ' encyclical education.

66

Perhaps it may be worth while to refer to the fact that 'Chambers's Cyclopædia,' or "Encyclopædia,' did not in the first instance originate with the great Edinburgh firm. The publication of the first edition of their truly valuable 'Encyclopædia' commenced in 1859; the last appeared, fully brought up to date, in the present century. But Ephraim Chambers, a native of Kendal, in Westmoreland, published the earliest English work of the kind in 1728, under the title Cyclopædia.' Whilst the second edition was in the press (it appeared in 1738) Bowyer, the learned printer, called upon the author and begged him to change the title to Encyclopædia,' urging that that was the form used by the best writers, and that whereas "Cyclopædia might denote the instruction of a circle, as Cyropædia is the instruction of Cyrus......if he wrote Encyclopædia, it determined it to be from the dative of Cyclus, instruction in a circle" (Nichols's 'Literary Anecdotes,' vol. v. p. 659, note). It seems to me that cyclo- is clearly enough the dative of kúkλos without the prefixed en-; but the argument prevailed with Chambers.

A query was asked about 'The First Encyclopædia' in 5th S. xi. 447. The reply at the following p. 478 is headed The First Cyclopædia.' This is stated to have been written in Provençal by Brunetto Latini, the

Uppingham.

REGINALD HAINES.

DOG WHICH FOLLOWED THE DUC D'ENGHIEN. -A propos of th note (9th S. xi. 401) on the Place of Execuion of the Duc d'Enghien,' I lately read a short story in Le Petit Journal, Supplément Illusré, 29 March, pp. 98-9, entitled 'Moholoff, 'concerning a dog so named which accompanid him in his journey from Strasburg to Vincennes. As I was always very much intereted in the sad fate of the duke, I am curius to know whether the story of the dog s entirely fiction or not. Can any reader of N. & Q.' kindly inform me? E. LATHAM.

PORTABLE DWELLINGS.-I should be grateful to any of your corespondents for information as regards the suitability or otherwise of portable buildings as permanent places of residence-if they are wam in winter and cool in summer, durable, retty, and worth Are they the money they cost to ect. wind-proof; and do they kep out the damp sufficiently to ensure their beng healthy?

ANXIOUS.

a regular periodical publication, the pamphlet mentioned above would appear to fulfil that condition. Some few sheets with a similar title came out during the earlier part of the same year, but these are classed by most authorities not as newspapers, but as stray news-pamphlets. Nathaniel Butter was probably the first to conceive the idea of a regular weekly issue. By the following extract from his Weekly Newes of 23 August, 1622, it appears that Butter published his first Weekly Newes on 2 August :

"If any gentleman or other accustomed to buy the weekly relations of Newes, be desirous to continue the same, let them know that the writer, or transcriber rather, of this Newes, hath published two former Newes, the one dated the 2nd, and the other the 13th of August, all of which do carry a like title...... and have dependence one upon another; which manner of writing and printing he doth propose to continue weekly by God's assistance, from the best and most certain intelligence: farewell this twenty-third of August 1622."

Is it known where a copy of this first number can be seen? I have thoroughly searched through the wonderful Burney collection of early papers in the British Museum, but it is Moreover, there is nothing to show that writers upon this subject have ever seen any number before that for 23 August.

not there.

Beylies.

HENRY ARTHUR.

JAMES HEATH, ENGRAVER, 1757-1834. (9th S. x. 268.)

supplied valuable evidence in answer to direct inquiry.

The pedigree now stands as follows: The engraver's grandfather was Joseph Heath, a bookseller and publisher in Nottingham, whose shop was in the South Parade. Mr. James Ward, the Nottingham antiquary, has a copy of the catalogue of his lending library, the annual subscription to which was 2s.; and he also has a small print of the shop as it existed in 1749, and several books printed by him, one dated 1744. Joseph Heath seems to have died or retired about 1748-9, and the shop was kept on by a Mr. Dunn, who had been his partner. Neither the marriage of Joseph Heath, nor the baptism of any of his children, is recorded in any of the NottingHe had issue as ham parish registers. follows:

1. George Heath, the engraver's father. As son of Joseph Heath, of Nottingham, bookseller, he was pound apprentice 5 September, 1738, to Eleazer Duncombe, of Duck Lane, London, bookbinder, for a premium of 217. He was made a freeman of the Stationers' Company 1 October, 1745, and admitted to the Livery 2 June, 1761. He was in business in Butcher Row, Nevgate Street, as a stationer and bookbinder. I have traced nothing of his first wife, unless he is the George Heath who married Abigail Carroll, of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, 28 June, 1746, at St. George's Chapel, Hy Park Corner. His second wife was named Mary, and after her husband's death, which must have occurred between 1771 and 774, she was married again to William lensman, of Butcherhall Lane, by whom she had a daughter, who became Mrs. Teul.

Mr.

2. Joseph Heath, of Nottingam. Ward has a book printed by "Josph Heath, Junior, Bookseller, Nottingham," but it is not dated. His will is dated 25 ebruary, 1785, with a codicil 6 February, 1787 but the date and place of its proof are not knon. He is described as "of the Town of Nottigham, Gent." He leaves various properties the town to his wife Mary. To his siste Mrs. Stanley, he leaves his "silver cup miked B. I.E." He mentions, in addition to nerer relatives, his cousins Hannah Wood, of Lenton; Denis Clipsom, of Market H borough, hosier; Hannah Lewis, wife of M Lewis, of London; and Mary, wife of Mi John Littleton, watchmaker, of London. He also mentions, without specifying the relationship, William Clipsom, of Kettering, joiner and cabinet maker; John Clipsom, of Market Harborough, wool-stapler; Joseph