restrained his people from ploughing, that Mr. Parnell contends for, and clearly they might assist him to do any mischief."" and decisively proves is, that many of -(pp. 98-102.) those sanguinary scenes attributed to These quotations and observations will enable us to state a few plain facts for the recollection of our English readers: 1st, Ireland was never subdued till the rebellion in the reign of Queen Elizabeth. 2nd, For four hundred years before that period, the two nations had been almost constantly at war; and, in consequence of this, a deep and irreconcilable hatred existed between the people within and without the pale. 3rd, The Irish at the accession of Queen Elizabeth, were unquestionably the most barbarous people in Europe. So much for what had happened previous to the reign of Queen Elizabeth; and let any man, who has the most superficial knowledge of human affairs, determine whether national hatred, proceeding from such powerful causes, could possibly have been kept under by the defeat of one single rebellion,—whether it would not have been easy to have foreseen, at that period, that a proud, brave, half-savage people, would cherish the memory of their wrongs for centuries to come, and break forth into arms at every period when they were particularly exasperated by oppression, or invited by opportunity. If the Protestant religion had spread in Ireland as it did in England, and if there never had been any difference of faith between the two countries,can it be believed that the Irish, ill-treated, and infamously go-eyes even of the English Irish (the Caverned as they have been, would never have made any efforts to shake off the yoke of England? Surely there are causes enough to account for their impatience of that yoke, without endeavouring to inflame the zeal of ignorant people against the Catholic religion, and to make that mode of faith responsible for all the butchery which the Irish and English for these last two centuries have exercised upon each other. Everybody, of course, must admit, that if to the causes of hatred already specified there be added the additional cause of religious distinction, this last will give greater force (and, what is of more consequence to observe, give a name) to the whole aggregate motive. But what In the reign of Elizabeth, the Catholic in the pale regularly fought against the Catholic out of the pale. O'Sullivan a bigoted Papist, reproaches them with doing so. Speaking of the reign of James the First, he says, " And now the tholics of the pale) were opened; and they cursed their former folly for helping the heretic." The English Government were so sensible of the loyalty of the Irish English Catholics, that they entrusted them with the most confidential services. The Earl of Kildare was the principal instrument in waging war against the chieftains of Leix and Offal. William O'Bourge, another Catholic, was created Lord Castle Connel for his eminent services; and MacGully Patrick, a priest, was the state spy. We presume that this wise and manly conduct of Queen Elizabeth was utterly unknown both to the Pastrycook and the Secretary of State, who have published upon the dangers of employing Catholics even against foreign enemies; | said or thought of the enormous risk to and in those publications have said a which Ireland is exposed, nothing great deal about the wisdom of our of the gross injustice with which the ancestors-the usual topic whenever Catholics are treated,-nothing of the the folly of their descendants is to be lucrative apostasy of those from whom defended. To whatever other of our they experience this treatment: but the ancestors they may allude, they may only concern by which we all seem to spare all compliments to this illustrious be agitated is, that the King must not Princess, who would certainly have kept be vexed in his old age. We have a the worthy confectioner to the composi- great respect for the King; and wish tion of tarts, and most probably fur- him all the happiness compatible with nished him with the productions of the the happiness of his people. But these Right Honourable Secretary, as the are not times to pay foolish complimeans of conveying those juicy deli-ments to kings or the sons of kings, or cacies to a hungry and discerning public. to any body else: this journal has alIn the next two reigns, Mr. Parnell ways preserved its character for courage shows by what injudicious measures and honesty; and it shall do so to the of the English Government the spirit last. If the people of this country are of Catholic opposition was gradually solely occupied in considering what is formed; for that it did produce power-personally agreeable to the King, with ful effects at a subsequent period, he out considering what is for his permadoes not deny; but contends only (as ment good, and for the safety of his we have before stated), that these effects dominions; if all public men, quitting have been much overrated and ascribed the common vulgar scramble for emolusolely to the Catholic religion when ment, do not concur in conciliating the other causes have at least had an equal people of Ireland; if the unfounded agency in bringing them about. He alarms, and the comparatively trifling concludes with some general remarks interests of the clergy, are to supersede on the dreadful state of Ireland, and the great question of freedom or slavery, the contemptible folly and bigotry of it does appear to us quite impossible the English*;-remarks full of truth, that so mean and so foolish a people can of good sense, and of political courage. escape that destruction which is ready How melancholy to reflect, that there to burst upon them;-a destruction so would be still some chance of saving imminent, that it can only be averted England from the general wreck of by arming all in our defence who would empires, but that it may not be saved, evidently be sharers in our ruin,—and because one politician will lose two by such a change of system as may thousand a year by it, and another three save us from the hazard of being ruined thousand-a third a place in reversion, by the ignorance and cowardice of any and a fourth a pension for his aunt!- general, by the bigotry or the ambition Alas! these are the powerful causes of any minister, or by the well-meaning which have always settled the destiny of scruples of any human being, let his great kingdoms, and which may level old dignity be what it may. These minor England, with all its boasted freedom, and domestic dangers we must endeaand boasted wisdom, to the dust. Nor is vour firmly and temperately to avert as it the least singular among the political we best can; but, at all hazards, we phenomena of the present day, that the must keep out the destroyer from among sole consideration which seems to in-us, or perish like wise and brave men in fluence the unbigoted part of the Eng- the attempt. lish people, in this great question of Ireland, is a regard for the personal feelings of the Monarch. Nothing is It would be as well, in future, to say no more of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. TRAVELS FROM PALESTINE. (E. REVIEW, 1807.) somely to the Saracens for that privilege. These infidels do not appear to have ever prevented the Christian pilgrims from indulging their curiosity The Travels of Bertrandon de la Broc- and devotion in visiting the most inquière, First Esquire-Carver to Philip le teresting evangelical objects in the Bon, Duke of Burgundy, during the Holy Land; but, after charging a good Years 1432, 1433. Translated from the round price for this gratification, conFrench, by Thomas Johnes, Esq. tented themselves with occasionally Is the year 1432, many great lords in kicking them, and spitting upon them. the dominions of Burgundy, holding In his way to Mount Sinai, the esquireoffices under Duke Philip le Bon, made carver passed through the Valley of a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. Among Hebron, where, he tells us, Adam was them was his first esquire-carver La created; and from thence to Gaza, Brocquière, who, having performed where they showed him the columns many devout pilgrimages in Palestine, of the building which Samson pulled returned sick to Jerusalem, and, during down; though, of the identity of the his convalescence, formed the bold building, the esquire seems to entertain scheme of returning to France over some doubts. At Gaza five of his land. This led him to traverse the companions fell sick, and returned to western parts of Asia and Eastern Jerusalem. The second day's journey Europe; and during the whole jour-in the desert the carver fell ill also,ney, except towards the end of it, he passed through the dominions of the Mussulman. The execution of such a journey, even at this day, would not be without difficulty; and it was then thought to be impossible. It was in vain that his companions attempted to dissuade him; he was obstinate; and, setting out, overcame every obstacle; returned in the course of the year 1433, and presented himself to the Duke in his Saracen dress, and on the horse which had carried him during the whole of his journey. The Duke, after the fashion of great people, conceiving that the glory of his esquire-carver was his own, caused the work to be printed and published. returned to Gaza, where he was cured by a Samaritan,-and finding his way back to Jerusalem, hired some pleasant lodgings on Mount Sion. Before he proceeded on his grand expedition over land, he undertook a little expedition to Nazareth, hearing, first of all, divine service at the Corde. liers, and imploring, at the tomb of our Lady, her protection for his journey. From Jerusalem their first stage was Acre, where they gave up their intended expedition, and repaired to Baruth, whence Sir Sampson de Lalaing and the author sallied afresh, under better auspices, to Damascus. He speaks with great pleasure of the valley where Noah built the ark, The following is a brief extract of through which valley he passed in his this valiant person's peregrinations. way to Damascus; upon entering "After performing the customary pil- which town he was knocked down by grimages, we went (says La Broc- a Saracen for wearing an ugly hat,— quière) to the mountain where Jesus as he probably would be in London fasted forty days; to Jordan, where for the same offence in the year 1807. he was baptized; to the church of St. At Damascus, he informs us the ChrisMartha, where Lazarus was raised tians are locked up every night,-as from the dead; to Bethlehem, where they are in English workhouses, night he was born; to the birth-place of St. and day, when they happen to be poor. John the Baptist; to the house of The greatest misfortune attendant upon Zechariah; and, lastly, to the holy this Damascene incarceration, is the cross, where the tree grew that formed extreme irregularity with which the the real cross." From Jerusalem the doors are opened in the morning, their first gentleman-carver betook himself janitor having no certain hour of quitto Mount Sinai, paying pretty hand-ting his bed. At Damascus, he saw . The summit is terminated by an almost circular plain of about two bow-shots in back of a mule, but it took me two hours. enclosed with walls, the ruins of which, and the ditches, are still visible: within the wall, and around it, were several churches, and one especially, where, although in ruins, full pardon for vice and sin is gained. wished to see the lake of Tiberias where it "We went to lodge at Samaria, because I is said St. Peter was accustomed to fish; and by so doing, some pardons may be gained, for it was the ember week of September. The Moucre left me to myself the whole day. Samaria is situated on the extremity of a mountain. We entered it at the close of the day, and left it at midnight to visit the lake. The Moucre had proposed this hour to evade the tribute exacted from all who go thither, but the night hindered me from seeing the surrounding country. the place where St. Paul had a vision. | escort, two of whom were Arabs. The "I saw also (says he) the stone from ascent of the mountain is rugged, because which St. George mounted his horse, there is no road; I performed it on the when he went to combat the dragon. It is two feet square; and they say that, when formerly the Saracens at-length, and one in width. It was formerly tempted to carry it away, in spite of all the strength they employed, they could not succeed." After having seen Damascus, he returns with Sir Sampson to Baruth; and communicates his intentions of returning over land to France to his companions. They state to him the astonishing difficulties he will have to overcome in the execution of so extraordinary a project; but the admirable carver, determined to make no bones, and to cut his way through every obstacle, persists in his scheme, and bids them a final adieu. He is determined, however, not to be baffled in his subordinate expedition to Nazareth; and, having now got rid of his timid companions, accomplishes it with ease. We shall here present our readers with an extract from this part of his journal, requesting them to admire the naïf manner in which he speaks of the vestiges of ecclesiastical history. "Acre, though in a plain of about four leagues in extent, is surrounded on three sides by mountains, and on the fourth by the sea. I made acquaintance there with a Venetian merchant called Aubert Franc, who received me well, and procured me much useful information respecting my two pilgrimages, by which I profited. With the aid of his advice I took the road to Nazareth: and, having crossed an extensive plain, came to the fountain the water of which our Lord changed into wine at the marriage of Archétréclin; it is near a village where St. Peter is said to have been born. "Nazareth is another large village, built between two mountains; but the place where the angel Gabriel came to announce to the Virgin Mary that she would be a mother, is in a pitiful state. The church that had been there built is entirely destroyed; and of the house wherein our Lady was when the angel appeared to her, not the smallest remnant exists. "From Nazareth I went to Mount Tabor, the place where the transfiguration of our Lord, and many other miracles, took effect. These pasturages attract the Arabs, who come thither with their beasts; and I was forced to engage four additional men as an "I went first to Joseph's Well, so called from his being cast into it by his brethren. There is a handsome mosque near it, which I entered with my Moucre, pretending to be a Saracen. "Further on is a stone bridge over the Jordan, called Jacob's Bridge, on account of a house hard by, said to have been the residence of that patriarch. The river flows from a great lake, situated at the foot of a mountain to the north-west, on which Namcardin has a very handsome castle."— (pp. 122-128.) Before From Damascus, to which he returns after his expedition to Nazareth, the first carver of Philip le Bon sets out with the caravan for Bursa. he begins upon his journey, he expatiates with much satisfaction upon the admirable method of shoeing horses at Damascus, — -a panegyric which certainly gives us the lowest ideas of that art in the reign of Philip le Bon; for it appears that out of fifty days, his horse was lame for twenty-one, owing to this ingenious method of shoeing. As a mark of gratitude to the leader of the caravan, the esquire presents him with a pot of green ginger; and advanced one day's journey, the esquire, the caravan proceeds. Before it has however, deviates from the road, to pay his devoirs to a miraculous image of our Lady of Serdenay, which always sweats-not ordinary sudorific matter For the rest of the journey, he trathe caravan, without any occurrence velled with the family of the leader of more remarkable than those we have -but an oil of great ecclesiastical effi- | circumspect in my connections with the cacy. While travelling with the cara- Saracens, for that there were among them van, he learnt to sit cross-legged, got some as wicked as the Franks. I write this to recall to my readers' memory, that the drunk privately, and was nearly murdered by some Saracens, who disco- person who, from his love to God, did me so many and essential kindnesses, was a vered that he had money. In some man not of our faith."-(pp. 196, 197.) parts of Syria, M. de la Brocquière met with an opinion, which must have been extremely favourable to the spirit of proselytism, in so very hot a country -an opinion that the infidels have a very bad smell, and that this is only already noticed ;-arrived at Constanto be removed by baptism. But as the tinople, and passed through Germany baptism was according to the Greek to the court of Philip le Bon. Here ritual, by total immersion, Bertrandon his narrative concludes. Nor does the seems to have a distant suspicion that carver vouchsafe to inform us of the this miracle may be resolved into the changes which time had made in the simple phenomenon of washing. He appetite of that great prince,-whether speaks well of the Turks, and repre- than lamb,-if his favourite morsels veal was now more pleasing to him sents them, to our surprise, as a very gay, laughing people. were still in request,-if animal succuWe thought Tarkish gravity had been almost prolence were as grateful to him as before verbial. The natives of the countries the departure of the carver, or if this through which he passed pray (he says) semisanguineous partiality had given for the conversion of Christians; and way to a taste for cinereous and torrefied meats. All these things the first especially request that there may be never sent among them again such esquire-carver might have said, -nor does Mr. another terrible man as Godfrey of of them he does say,Johnes of Hafod supply, by any antiBoulogne. At Couhongue the caravan broke up; and here he quitted a Mame- quarian conjectures of his own, the disluke soldier, who had kept him com-tressing silence of the original. Saving pany during the whole of the journey, such omissions, there is something pleaand to whose courage and fidelity Eu-sant in the narrative of this arch-divider rope, Philip le Bon, and Mr. Johnes of Hafod, are principally indebted for the preservation of the first esquire-carver. "I bade adieu (he says) to my Mameluke. This good man, whose name was Mohammed, had done me innumerable services. He was very charitable, and never refused alms when asked in the name of God. It was through charity he had been so kind to me; and I must confess that, without his assistance, I could not have performed my journey without incurring the greatest danger; and that, had it not been for his kindness, I should often have been exposed to cold and hunger, and much embarrassed with my horse. "On taking leave of him, I was desirous of showing my gratitude; but he would never accept of anything except a piece of our fine European cloth to cover his head, which seemed to please him much. He told me all the occasions that had come to his knowledge, on which, if it had not been for him, I should have run risks of being assassinated, and warned me to be very -none of fowls. He is an honest, brave, liberal man; and tells his singular story with great brevity and plainness. We are obliged to Mr. Johnes for the amusement he has afforded us; and we hope he will persevere in his gentlemanlike, honourable, and useful occupations. METHODISM. (E. REVIEW, 1808.) THIS is the production of an honest |