2. The ending vowel takes its Guņa before उस्· जागृ - Parasm. Imperf. 3rd pers. अजागः - अजागृताम् - अजागरुः &c. अजागृ + त्-अजागर् + तू and by I. p. 53 अजागर - अजागः IV. The ending of a root is changed to or before and optionally before त् the termination अशास् + त्;त् being dropped we have अशास्, and by above अशात्-द् ईश Imperf. Atm 3rd pers. ऐट - ऐशाताम् - ऐशत ; 2nd pers. plu. ऐड्डूम्. श is changed to ष् by IX. p. 47, and ष to इ by VI. p. 45 and ध्व् to ढ वश् Imperf. Parasm. 3rd pers. अवट् - औष्टाम् - औशन्. Before ताम् &c. the being changed to 3, the temporal augment व उ forms Vriddhi, i. e. औ. with the दुयात् दुयाताम् दुधुः दुहीत दुहीयाताम् दुहीरन् हन् Parasm. 3rd pers. हन्यात् - हन्याताम् - हन्युः Atm. 3rd pers. घ्नीत -नीयाताम्-नीरन्. शास् Parasm. 3rd pers. शिष्यात् - शिष्याताम्--शिष्युः. सायं प्रातधेनुमग्रिहोत्रायाधोगृषिः । दण्डकायां वसन्तौ रामलक्ष्मणौ रक्षसां सहस्राण्यहताम् । चाणक्योऽकिंचनो ब्राह्मणो नन्दानद्वेद्बुद्धिप्रभावाच्च तानहन्। तेषां च राज्यं चन्द्रगुप्तो नाम नृपतिश्चाणक्यस्य शिष्योऽशात् । देवानां संदेशं हरन्नलो दमयन्त्या अन्तःपुरं प्राविशत् । प्रविशन्तं च तं देवानां वराद्रक्षितारो नाविदुः । केचिटवस्तडागस्य तटमुपगता लोष्टैर्भेकानभ्यघ्नन् । स राजा दिग्विजयादारभ्यात्मनः सर्वं वृत्तान्तं गन्धर्व कन्या या* आचष्ट | यथा पाण्डवा रणे नास्मान्हन्युस्तथा क्रियताम् । कश्चित्कुक्कुरो यज्ञमण्डपं गतो हवींष्यवालेट् । तत्रत्विजस्तमान्नन्सर्वं च समुपाहृतं यज्ञियं द्रव्यं त्यक्त्वा मण्डपं सममार्जन् 1 राजानो धर्मेण वसुधां शिष्युः । The Mauryas ruled [ शास् ] the earth after the Nandas. The warriors of the Kalingas told [ चक्षू ] us thus :"The Angas who hated [f] us for a long time invaded our territory. We fought a battle with them and killed [ हन् ] their commanders. Their king did not know [ विदु ] this ; wherefore he came in person to the field of battle. seeing his men killed, he returned to his kingdom.” Did you milk [ दुह् ] the cows to-day ? But Hari was awake [ जागृ] the whole night repeating the Vedas. A man should clean [ मृज् with प्र ] his face every morning. VOCABULARY X. अग्निहोत्र n. sacrifice to Fire. कुक्कुर m. a dog. चन्द्रगुप्त m. name of a king. + See p. 3 note f. दिग्विजय "". ( दिश f. quarter, विजय m.conquest ) conquest of the quarters, or of all regions. द्रव्य n. a thing. नन्द m. name of a royal race, an m. a frog. 3 m. a shed, an enclosure. यज्ञमण्डप m. enclosure prepared for a sacrifice. f. the earth. m. account, occurrence. समुपाहत (past pass. part. of with सम्, उप, and आ) collected. 4 m. n. f. pertaining to sa-n. a thousand. हन् with अभि or आ to strike. crifices. Kalingas : plur. name of a people or of their country. people or of their country. Commander चमूपति . सेनापति | Maurya मौर्य m. name of a dy In person खयम् ind. Field of battle रणभूमि f. 1st conj. Parasm. with अभि· nasty, an individual of it. LESSON XI. वृत् THIRD CONJUGATION. 1. In this conjugation the vowel, and if there are more than one, the first, is reduplicated, together with the initial consonant, if any, before the terminations are applied. 2. a. General Rules of Reduplication.-A radical hard aspirate (2nd letter) is changed to the hard unaspirate (1st letter) of its class in the reduplicative syllable; and a radical soft aspirate, to the soft unaspirate. Thus the reduplication of by 1 is, and by the first part of the above, पफल ; धा धाधा-दधा by the 2nd part of the above and 2 e.; भी-भीभी-बिभी. b. A radical guttural is changed to the corresponding palatal (subject to the above rule ), and हू to ज. खन्-खखन् by 1—छखन् 26. and चखन् by 2.; हा हाहा by 1-हहा by 2 e., and by the above. जहा C. If a conjunct consonant begins a root, the first member of it only with the vowel is reduplicated. ह्री — by the above हीही - by 2 b. and 2 e जिह्वी. d. Exception:-If the first member be a sibilant and the second a hard letter, the hard letter is reduplicated; as स्पर्धा-पस्पर्ध e. A radical long vowel becomes short, and a radical ऋ becomes अ ; as ट्री - जिद्दी ; दाददा; कृचकृ. or प इ 3. Irregularities applicable to the third conjugation.The vowel of the reduplicative syllable of मा, हा 'togo' भृ, and पृ or and 我 is changed to and that of the reduplicative syllable of निज्, विज्, and विष takes its Guna substitute. 4. The reduplicative इ of ऋ is changed to इय् ( See 8 p. 71). 5. The termination of the third person plural Atm and Parasm. loses its nasal. आ 6. The termination of the third person plural of the Im perfect Parasmaipada is, before which the final of all roots is dropped, and the final इ, उ, and short or long, take their Guna substitute. (Comp. 1 p. 54 and 2 p. 55) भृ Parasm. ऋ बिभृ by 1, 2 a. and 3. Remember the rule about Guņa before the strong terminations ( 6 p. 9 ). बिभ्रति by 5. Imperf. 3rd pers. sing. अविभृ + तू ; by 6 p. 9 अबिभत् and by I. p. 53. अबिभर् - अबिभः, 3rd pers. plur. अबिभरु: by 6. मा हा 7. The ending vowel of and 'to go' is changed to when followed by a weak termination beginning with a consonant, and dropped before one beginning with a vowel. मिमा by 3 ते having an initial consonant the आ of मा is changed to ई and thus we have मिमीते. Before आते, अते &c. the आ is dropped, the terminations beginning with a vowel. या आ 8. The आ of हा 'to abandon ' undergoes the same changes as above but the is optionally shortened. Before Potential terminations beginning with the of this root is dropped, and in the Imperative second person singular it is optionally retained, so that there are three forms, viz., जहाहि जहिहि, जहीहि. 9. The of ff is optionally shortened before the weak terminations with an initial consonant. |