up simply by adding the terminations. स्ना, रा, ला, पा ' to protect,' ख्या, मा, भा, प्सा, श्रा and दा 'to cut' are to be thus conjugated.

Nearly all roots of this conjugation not ending in are irregular. We will proceed to notice the peculiarities of most of these.

2. The अ of अस् is dropped before the weak terminations; as स्तः 3rd pers. dual, सन्ति 3rd pers. plur.

Here the 2nd pers. sing. which by the rule ought to be अस्सि

The three numbers of the 1st pers. being strong the is not dropped; एधि, the 2nd pers. sing. is irregular.

When in certain cases this root takes Atm. terminations,

the forms of the Present Tense are:

स्

The is dropped, all the terminations being weak. is changed अ

in the 1st pers. sing., and it is dropped before by the following rule.

to हू

I. The preceding is dropped before a termination beginning with घ्.

3. The ending vowel of aft, 'to lie down,' takes its Guna substitute before all the personal terminations.

शो becomes शे which before vowels is changed to Hence

शये, शयाथे &c.

शय्.

र् being prefixed to अते and अताम् we have रते and रताम्

4. The ending उ (short) of roots takes its Vriddhi substitute i. e. becomes, when followed by a strong termination beginning with a consonant.

II. The ending or short or long of a root is changed to इय् or उब् when followed by a weak termination beginning with a vowel.

We have नौमि, नौषि &c. in the case of the strong terminations मि, सिं &c. They have an initial consonant, while in the 1st person Imperative, though the terminations are strong, they begin with a vowel. Hence the of is changed to Guņa by the general rule (6 p. 9.), and thus we have which becomes before the vowel. यु ' to join ' is to be thus conjugated. 5. After and the augment is optionally prefixed to स्तु रु the terminations beginning with a consonant.

,

Before f and other strong terminations the takes Vriddhi by 4 p. 31 ; but when these terminations have ई prefixed to them by 5, they cease to have an initial consonant and hence in that case we have Guna, and thus by the change of to fat and स्त व् we have a &c. When the weak terminations have prefixed, the final उ of the root becomes उत्रु by II. p. 31. Hence स्तुवीत: &c. The 3rd pers. plur. 3⁄4 has no initial consonant, therefore no can be put before it. Hence we have one form only.

The forms of the Imperative should be made up on these principles. स्तोतु- स्तवीतु 3rd pers. sing., स्तुहि स्तुवीहि 2nd pers. sing., स्तवानि 1st pers. sing., स्तवाव 1st pers. dual &c.

The Atmanepada Paradigms स्तुते- स्तुवीते 3rd pers. sing., स्तुवाते 3rd pers. dual, स्तुवते 3rd pers. plur. should be constructed in the

same way.

should be similarly conjugated.

3rd pers. sing.,

The last by II. p. 31. The Atm. forms are

galà 3rd pers. dual, gà 3rd pers. plur. &'c.

1st pers.

is ब्रवाणि &c.

The Imperative

7. The following are five irregular forms of the Present Tense of a defective root, which means to speak;' आह

3rd pers. sing., : 3rd pers. dual, : 3rd pers. plur., F TET: आहुः 2nd pers. sing., : 2nd pers. dual. आहथुः

8. The first personal terminations of the Imperative as appended to 'to give birth to' are weak.

Âtm. Present.

3rd pers. sing., galà 3rd pers. dual, gað

3rd pers. plur. &c. Imperative.

pers. sing., 1st pers. dual,

9. After रुद्, स्वप्, श्वस्, अन्, and ST&T,

2nd pers. sing., gầ 1st 1st pers. plur.

the augment is pre

fixed to the terminations beginning with any consonant except य, as रोदिमि, रुदिवः &c.

Imperative on the same principles— रुदिहि 2nd pers. sing., रोदानि 1st pers. sing. &c. The other roots should be similarly conjugated. The 3rd pers. plur. termination of ज loses its न् as will be subsequently noticed.

10. The root 'to go' Paraɛm. is an exception to rule II. p. 31. It is changed to before a weak termination with an initial vowel.

Separated from आधे, the last three forms are इते, इयाते, इयते, in

which we see is changed to

with the rest.

इय्

before आते and अते and so on

1st pers. Impera.—अध्यये- अध्ययावहै - अध्ययामहै . इ taking its Guna becomes g, which again is changed to अय् and with the termi

nations the forms are अये &c.

आस Atm.

By I. p. 31 स् is dropped before ध्वम्.

अस्मिञ्जगति ये सन्ति कवयस्तेभ्यो नमस्कृत्यैतं ग्रन्थमारभे । पृच्छ बालकः किं गोदीते ।

हे कृपानिधे जगदात्मंस्त्वां ब्रह्मादयः सर्वे देवा: स्तुवन्त्यृषयश्च सर्वे ।

ईदृशं त्वां शरणमुपैमि । प्रसीद | पाहि मां नरकाद्वोरात् । अस्यां पाठशालायां बालकाः काव्यमधीयते ।

तरुषु मधुरं रुवन्ति पक्षिणो वायुश्च शीतलो वाति तस्माद्रम्पमिदं स्थानम् । अत्रैव वृक्षमूले शिलामध्यासाम है * ।

* When शी, आस्, and स्था are preceded by the preposition अधि, they govern the accusative of the place where the actions are performed.