To counteract this, MR WILBERFORCE, then member of parliament for the county of York, published in 1797 A Practical View of the Prevailing Religious System of Professed Christians in the Higher and Middle Classes of this Country, contrasted with Real Christianity. Five editions of the work were sold within six months, and it still continues, in various languages, to form a popular religious treatise. The author attested by his daily life the sincerity of his opinions. William Wilberforce was the son of a wealthy merchant, and born at Hull in 1759. He was educated at Cambridge, and on completing his twenty-first year, was returned to parliament for his native town. He soon distinguished himself by his talents, and became the idol of the fashionable world, dancing at Almack's, and singing before the Prince of Wales. In 1784, while pursuing a continental tour with some relations, in company with Dean Milner, the latter so impressed him with the truths of Christianity, that Wilberforce entered upon a new life, and abandoned all his former gaieties. In parliament, he pursued a strictly independent course. For twenty years he laboured for the abolition of the slave-trade, a question with which his name is inseparably entwined. His time, his talents, influence, and prayers, were directed towards the consummation of this object, and at length, in 1807, he had the high gratification of seeing it accomplished. The religion of Wilberforce was mild and cheerful, unmixed with austerity or gloom. He closed his long and illustrious life on the 29th July 1833, one of those men who, by their virtues, talents, and energy, impress their own character on the age in which they live. His latter years realised his own beautiful description— Effects of Religion in Old Age and Adversity. When the pulse beats high, and we are flushed with youth, and health, and vigour; when all goes on prosperously, and success seems almost to anticipate our wishes, then we feel not the want of the consolations of religion'; but when fortune frowns, or friends forsake us-when sorrow, or sickness, or old age comes upon usthen it is that the superiority of the pleasures of religion is established over those of dissipation and vanity, which are ever apt to fly from us when we are most in want of their aid. There is scarcely a more melancholy sight to a considerate mind, than that of an old man who is a stranger to those only true sources of satisfaction. How affecting, and at the same time how disgusting, is it to see such a one awkwardly catching at the pleasures of his younger years, which are now beyond his reach; or feebly attempting to retain them, while they mock his endeavours and elude his grasp To such a one, gloomily, indeed, does the evening of life set in! All is sour and cheerless. He can neither look backward with complacency, nor forward with hope; while the aged Christian, relying on the assured mercy of his Redeemer, can calmly reflect that his dismission is at hand; that his redemption draweth nigh. While his strength declines, and his faculties decay, he can quietly repose himself on the fidelity of God; and at the very entrance of the valley of the shadow of death, he can lift up an eye, dim perhaps and feeble, yet occasionally sparkling with hope, and confidently looking forward to the near possession of his heavenly inheritance, to those joys which eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither hath it entered into the heart of man to conceive.' What striking lessons have we had of the precarious tenure of all sublunary possessions! Wealth, and power, and prosperity, how peculiarly transitory and uncertain! But religion dispenses her choicest cordials in the seasons of exigence, in poverty, in exile, in sickness, and in death. The essential superiority of that support which is derived from religion is is in full possession of riches and splendour, and rank, less felt, at least it is less apparent, when the Christian and all the gifts of nature and fortune. But when all these are swept away by the rude hand of time or the rough blasts of adversity, the true Christian stands, like the glory of the forest, erect and vigorous; stripped, indeed, of his summer foliage, but more than ever discovering to the observing eye the solid strength of his substantial texture. DR SAMUEL PARR. known as a classical scholar than as a theologian. DR SAMUEL PARR (1747-1825) was better His sermons on Education (1780) are, however, marked with cogency of argument and liberality of feeling, His celebrated Spital sermon (1800), when printed, presented the singular anomaly of fiftyone pages of text and two hundred and twelve of notes. Sydney Smith humorously compared the sermon to Dr Parr's wig, which, while it trespassed a little on the orthodox magnitude of perukes in the anterior parts, scorned even episcopal limits behind, and swelled out into boundless convexity of frizz.' Mr Godwin attacked some of the principles laid down in this discourse, as not sufficiently democratic for his taste; for, though a stanch Whig, Parr was no revolutionist or leveller. His object was to extend education among the poor, and to ameliorate their condition Dr Parr by gradual and constitutional means. in knowledge of Greek literature was not surwas long head-master of Norwich School; and passed by any scholar of his day. His uncompromising support of Whig principles, his extensive learning, and a certain pedantry and oddity of character, rendered him always conspicuous among his brother-churchmen. He died at Hatton, in Warwickshire, the perpetual curacy of which he had enjoyed for above forty years, and where he had faithfully discharged his duties as a parish pastor. DR EDWARD MALTBY. EDWARD MALTBY (1770-1859), successively Bishop of Chichester and Durham, was a native of Norwich. In his eighth year he became a pupil of Dr Parr, who was afterwards his warm friend and constant correspondent. In 1785 Dr Parr retired from the school at Norwich, and as his pupil was too young to go to the university, Parr said to him: Ned, you have got Greek and Latin enough. You must go to Dr Warton at Winchester, and from him acquire taste and the art of composition.' In 1788 Mr Maltby commenced his residence at Pembroke Hall, in the university of Cambridge, where he became a distinguished scholar, carrying off the highest academical honours. Having entered the Church, he received in 1794 the living of Buckden in Huntingdonshire, and Holbeach in Lincolnshire. In 1823, he was elected preacher of Lincoln's Inn; in 1831, he was promoted to the see of Chichester; and in 1836, was translated to that of Durham. After holding the see of Durham for about twenty years, his sight began to fail, with other infirmities of age, and he obtained permission to resign the see in the year 1856. Bishop Maltby is author of Illustrations of the Truth of the Christian Religion (1802), several volumes of Sermons, an improved edition of Morell's Thesaurus-a work of great research and value-and several detached sermons, charges, &c. While Bishop of Durham, Dr Maltby was of eminent service to the university there, and was distinguished no less for his scholastic tastes and acquirements than for his liberality towards all other sects and churches. DR THOMAS H. HORNE-DR HERBERT MARSH. One of the most useful of modern Biblical works is the Introduction to the Study of the Scriptures, by THOMAS HARTWELL HORNE, D.D. (born in 1780, and one of the scholars of Christ's Hospital). The first edition of the Introduction appeared in 1818, in three volumes, and it was afterwards enlarged into five volumes: the tenth edition appeared in 1856. The most competent critical authorities have concurred in eulogising this work as the most valuable introduction to the sacred writings which has ever been published. The venerable author officiated as rector of a London parish, and had a prebend in St Paul's Cathedral. He was author of a vast number of theological treatises and of contributions to periodical works, and died January 27, 1862. DR HERBERT MARSH, Bishop of Peterborough, who died in May 1839 at the age of eighty-one, obtained distinction as the translator and commentator of Michaelis's Introduction to the New Testament (in six vols. 1793-1801), one of the most valuable of modern works on divinity. In 1807 this divine was appointed Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity in the university of Cambridge, in 1816 he was made Bishop of Llandaff, and in 1819 he succeeded to the see of Peterborough. Besides his edition of Michaelis, Dr Marsh published Lectures on Divinity, and a Comparative View of the Churches of England and Rome. He was author also of some controversial tracts on the Catholic question, the Bible Society, &c., in which he evinced great acuteness, tinctured with asperity. In early life, during a residence in Germany, Dr Marsh published, in the German language, various tracts in defence of the policy of his own country in the continental wars; and more particularly a very elaborate History of the Politics of Great Britain and France, from the Time of the Conference at Pilnitz to the Declaration of War (1800), a work which is said to have produced a marked impression on the state of public opinion in Germany, and for which he received a very considerable pension, on the recommendation of Mr Pitt. As a bishop, Dr Marsh had 'a very bad opinion of the practical effects of high Calvinistic doctrines upon the common people; and he thought it his duty to exclude those clergymen who professed them from his diocese. He accordingly devised no fewer than eighty-seven interrogatories, by which he thought he could detect the smallest taint of Calvinism that might lurk in the creed of the candidate.' His conduct upon the points in dispute, though his intentions might have been good, was considered by Sydney Smith (Edinburgh Review) and other critics as singularly injudicious and oppressive. Dr Marsh's Lectures on Biblical Interpretation and Criticism are valuable to theological students. ARCHBISHOP AND BISHOP SUMNER-DR D'OYLY -REV. C. BENSON-DR TIMOTHY DWIGHT. The brothers, DRS SUMNER, earned marked distinction and high preferment in the Church. The Primate of England, DR JOHN BIRD SUMNER, Lord-archbishop of Canterbury (born in 1780 at Kenilworth, in Warwickshire), in 1816 published an Examination of St Paul's Epistles; in 1821, Sermons on the Christian Faith and Character; in 1822, Treatise on the Records of Creation (appealed to by Sir Charles Lyell as a proof that revelation and geology are not discordant); in 1824, Evidences of Christianity, &c. These works have all been very popular, and have gone through a great number of editions. Archbishop Sumner died in 1862.-DR CHARLES RICHARD SUMNER (born in 1790) in 1822 published a treatise on the Ministerial Character of Christ. In 1823 he was intrusted with the editing and translating Milton's long-lost treatise on Christian Doctrine; and Macaulay and others have warmly praised the manner in which he executed his task. The charges and public appearances of this prelate have all been of a liberal evangelical character. DR GEORGE D'OYLY (1778-1846), in conjunction with DR RICHARD MANT-afterwards Bishop of Down and Connor-prepared an annotated edition of the Bible, 1813-14, to be published by the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge. This work has been frequently reprinted at Oxford and Cambridge, and is held in high repute as a popular library of divinity. Dr D'Oyly published various volumes of Sermons and other theological treatises, and was a contributor to the Quarterly Review. Dr Mant was also a popular writer of sermons.-The REV. CHRISTOPHER BENSON, prebendary of Worcester, is author of the Chronology of our Saviour's Life, 1819; Twenty Discourses preached before the University of Cambridge, 1820; the Hulsean Lectures for 1822, On Scripture Difficulties, &c.—The Sermons of the REV. CHARLES WEBB LE BAS, Professor in the East India College, Hertfordshire (1828), have also been well received. An American divine, DR TIMOTHY DWIGHT (1752-1817), is author of a comprehensive work, Theology Explained and Defended, which has long been popular in this country as well as in the United States. It consists of a series of 173 sermons, developing a scheme of didactic theology, founded upon moderate Calvinism. The work has gone through six or eight editions in England, besides almost innumerable editions in America. Dr Dwight was President of Yale College from 1795 until his death, and was a voluminous writer in poetry, history, philosophy, and divinity. His latest work, Travels in New England and New York, four volumes, gives an interesting and faithful account of the author's native country, its progress, and condition. REV. ROBERT HALL. The REV. ROBERT HALL, A.M., is justly regarded as one of the most distinguished ornaments of the body of English dissenters. He was the son of a Baptist minister, and born at Arnesby, near Leicester, on the 2d of May 1764. He On Wisdom. studied divinity at an academy in Bristol for the education of young men preparing for the ministerial office among the Baptists, and was admitted a preacher in 1780, but next year attended King's to wisdom, in the same sense as the mason who lays Every other quality besides is subordinate and inferior College, Aberdeen. Sir James Mackintosh was the bricks and stones in a building is inferior to the at the same time a student of the university, and architect who drew the plan and superintends the work. the congenial tastes and pursuits of the young The former executes only what the latter contrives and men led to an intimate friendship between them. directs. Now, it is the prerogative of wisdom to preFrom their partiality to Greek literature, they side over every inferior principle, to regulate the exerwere named by their class-fellows 'Plato and cise of every power, and limit the indulgence of every Herodotus.' Both were also attached to the study appetite, as shall best conduce to one great end. It of morals and metaphysics, which they cherished being the province of wisdom to preside, it sits as through life. Mr Hall entered the church as assist- umpire on every difficulty, and so gives the final direcant to a Baptist minister at Bristol, whence he tion and control to all the powers of our nature. Hence removed in 1790 to Cambridge. it is entitled to be considered as the top and summit of He first ap- perfection. It belongs to wisdom to determine when to peared as an author in 1791, by publishing act, and when to cease-when to reveal, and when to a controversial pamphlet entitled Christianity conceal a matter-when to speak, and when to keep consistent with a Love of Freedom; in 1793 silence-when to give, and when to receive; in short, appeared his eloquent and powerful treatise, to regulate the measure of all things, as well as to An Apology for the Freedom of the Press; and determine the end, and provide the means of obtaining in 1799 his sermon, Modern Infidelity con- the end pursued in every deliberate course of action. sidered with respect to its Influence on Society. Every particular faculty or skill, besides, needs to derive The last was designed to stem the torrent of direction from this; they are all quite incapable of infidelity which had set in with the French Revo- directing themselves. The art of navigation, for instance, lution, and is no less remarkable for profound will teach us to steer a ship across the ocean, but it will thought than for the elegance of its style and never teach us on what occasions it is proper to take a voyage. The art of war will instruct us how to marshal the splendour of its imagery. His celebrity as a an army, or to fight a battle to the greatest advantage, writer was further extended by his Reflections on but you must learn from a higher school when it is War, a sermon published in 1802; and The fitting, just, and proper to wage war or to make peace. Sentiments proper to the Present Crisis, another The art of the husbandman is to sow and bring to sermon preached in 1803. The latter is highly maturity the precious fruits of the earth; it belongs to eloquent and spirit-stirring-possessing, indeed, another skill to regulate their consumption by a regard the fire and energy of a martial lyric or war- to our health, fortune, and other circumstances. song. In November 1804 the noble intellect short, there is no faculty we can exert, no species of of Mr Hall was deranged, in consequence of skill we can apply, but requires a superintending hand severe study operating on an ardent and suscept--but looks up, as it were, to some higher principle, as ible temperament. His friends set on foot a a maid to her mistress for direction, and this universal subscription for pecuniary assistance, and a lifeannuity of £100 was procured for him. He shortly afterwards resumed his ministerial functions; but in about twelve months he had another attack. This also was speedily removed; but Mr Hall resigned his church at Cambridge. On his complete recovery, he became pastor of a congregation at Leicester, where he resided for about twenty years. During this time he published a few sermons and criticisms in the Eclectic Review. The labour of writing for the press was opposed to his habits and feelings. He was fastidious as to style, and he suffered under a disease in the spine which entailed upon him acute pain. A sermon on the Death of the Princess Charlotte in 1817 was justly considered one of the most impressive, touching, and lofty of his discourses. In 1826 he removed from Leicester to Bristol, where he officiated in charge of the Baptist congregation till within a fortnight of his death, which took place on the 21st of February 1831. The masculine intellect and extensive acquirements of Mr Hall have seldom been found united to so much rhetorical and even poetical brilliancy of imagination. Those who listened to his pulpit ministrations were entranced by his fervid eloquence, which truly disclosed the 'beauty of holiness,' and melted by the awe and fervour with which he dwelt on the mysteries of death and eternity. His published writings give but a brief and inadequate picture of his varied talents. A complete edition of his Works has been published, with a Life, by Dr Olinthus Gregory, in six volumes. superintendent is wisdom. Influence of Great and Splendid Actions. In not the ordinary employment of life, but must from their Though it is confessed great and splendid actions are nature be reserved for high and eminent occasions, yet that system is essentially defective which leaves no room for their production. They are important both from their immediate advantage and their remoter influence. They often save and always illustrate the age and nation in which they appear. They raise the standard of morals; they arrest the progress of degeneracy; they diffuse a lustre over the path of life. Monuments of the greatness of the human soul, they present to the world the august image of virtue in her sublimest form, from which streams of light and glory issue to remote times and ages; while their commemoration by the pens of historians and poets awakens in distant bosoms the sparks of kindred excellence. Combine the frequent and familiar perpetration of atrocious deeds with the dearth of great and generous actions, and you have the exact picture of that condition of society which completes the degradation of the species—the frightful contrast of dwarfish virtues and gigantic vices, where everything good is mean and little, and everything evil is rank and luxuriant; a dead and sickening uniformity prevails, broken only at intervals by volcanic irruptions of anarchy and crime. Preparation for Heaven. If there is a law from whose operation none are exempt, which irresistibly conveys their bodies to darkness and to dust, there is another, not less certain or less powerful, which conducts their spirits to the abodes of bliss, to the bosom of their Father and their God. The FROM 1780 CYCLOPEDIA OF wheels of nature are not made to roll backward; every- ever. From the Funeral Sermon for the Princess Charlotte of ecstasy when she reflected that it was her province to REV. JOHN FOSTER. The REV. JOHN FOSTER (1770-1843) was author of a volume of Essays, in a Series of Letters, published in 1805, which was ranked among the most Born to inherit the most illustrious monarchy in the original and valuable works of the day. The world, and united at an early period to the object of her essays are four in number-On a Man's Writing choice, whose virtues amply justified her preference, she Memoirs of Himself; On Decision of Character; enjoyed (what is not always the privilege of that rank) On the Application of the Epithet Romantic; and the highest connubial felicity, and had the prospect of On Some of the Causes by which Evangelical combining all the tranquil enjoyments of private life Religion has been rendered less acceptable to with the splendour of a royal station. Placed on the are excellent models of vigorous thought and summit of society, to her every eye was turned, in her Persons of Cultivated Taste. Mr Foster's essays every hope was centred, and nothing was wanting to complete her felicity except perpetuity. To a grandeur expression, uniting metaphysical nicety and acuteof mind suited to her royal birth and lofty destination, ness with practical sagacity and common-sense. she joined an exquisite taste for the beauties of nature He also wrote a volume On the Evils of Popular and the charms of retirement, where, far from the gaze Ignorance, 1819, and Contributions to the Eclectic of the multitude, and the frivolous agitations of fashion-Review, two volumes, 1844. His Lectures deable life, she employed her hours in visiting, with her livered at Broadmead Chapel, Bristol, were coldistinguished consort, the cottages of the poor, in im-lected and published 1844-47. Like Hall, Mr proving her virtues, in perfecting her reason, and acquiring the knowledge best adapted to qualify her for the possession of power and the cares of empire. One thing only was wanting to render our satisfaction complete in the prospect of the accession of such a princess; it was, that she might become the living mother of children. The long-wished-for moment at length arrived; but, alas! the event anticipated with such eagerness will form the most melancholy part of our history. It is no reflection on this amiable princess to suppose that in her early dawn, with the dew of her youth so fresh upon her, she anticipated a long series of years, and expected to be led through successive scenes of enchantment, rising above each other in fascination and beauty. It is natural to suppose she identified herself with this great nation which she was born to govern; and that, while she contemplated its pre-eminent lustre in arts and in arms, its commerce encircling the globe, its colonies diffused through both hemispheres, and the beneficial effects of its institutions extending to the whole earth, she considered them as so many component parts of her grandeur. Her heart, we may well conceive, would often be ruffled with emotions of trembling Foster was pastor of a Baptist congregation. He died at Stapleton, near Bristol. In the essay On a Man's Writing Memoirs of Himself, Mr Foster speculates on the various phases of a changeable character, and on the contempt which we entertain at an advanced period of life for what we were at an earlier period. Changes in Life and Opinions. Though in memoirs intended for publication a large share of incident and action would generally be necessary, yet there are some men whose mental history alone might be very interesting to reflective readers; as, for instance, that of a thinking man remarkable for a number of complete changes of his speculative system. From observing the usual tenacity of views once deliberately adopted in mature life, we regard as a curious phenomenon the man whose mind has been a kind of caravansera of opinions, entertained a while, and then sent on pilgrimage; a man who has admired and dismissed systems with the same facility with which John Buncle found, adored, married, and interred his succession of wives, each one being, for the time, not only better than all that went before, but the best in the creation. You admire the versatile aptitude of a mind sliding into successive forms of belief in this intellectual metempsychosis, by which it animates so many new bodies of doctrines in their turn. And as none of those dying pangs which hurt you in a tale of India attend the desertion of each of these speculative forms which the soul has a while inhabited, you are extremely amused by the number of transitions, and eagerly ask what is to be the next, for you never deem the present state of such a man's views to be for permanence, unless perhaps when he has terminated his course of believing everything in ultimately believing nothing. Even then-unless he is very old, or feels more pride in being a sceptic, the conqueror of all systems, than he ever felt in being the champion of one-even then it is very possible he may spring up again, like a vapour of fire from a bog, and glimmer through new mazes, or retrace his course through half of those which he trod before. You will observe that no respect attaches to this Proteus of opinion after his changes have been multiplied, as no party expect him to remain with them, nor deem him much of an acquisition if he should. One, or perhaps two considerable changes will be regarded as signs of a liberal inquirer, and therefore the party to which his first or his second intellectual conversion may assign him will receive him gladly. But he will be deemed to have abdicated the dignity of reason when it is found that he can adopt no principles but to betray them; and it will be perhaps justly suspected that there is something extremely infirm in the structure of that mind, whatever vigour may mark some of its operations, to which a series of very different, and sometimes contrasted theories, can appear in succession demonstratively true, and which imitates sincerely the perverseness which Petruchio only affected, declaring that which was yesterday to a certainty the sun, to be to-day as certainly the moon. It would be curious to observe in a man who should make such an exhibition of the course of his mind, the sly deceit of self-love. While he despises the system which he has rejected, he does not deem it to imply so great a want of sense in him once to have embraced it, as in the rest who were then or are now its disciples and advocates. No; in him it was no debility of reason; it was at the utmost but a merge of it; and probably he is prepared to explain to you that such peculiar circumstances as might warp even a very strong and liberal mind, attended his consideration of the subject, and misled him to admit the belief of what others prove themselves fools by believing. Another thing apparent in a record of changed opinions would be, what I have noticed before, that there is scarcely any such thing in the world as simple conviction. It would be amusing to observe how reason had, in one instance, been overruled into acquiescence by the admiration of a celebrated name, or in another into opposition by the envy of it; how most opportunely reason discovered the truth just at the time that interest could be essentially served by avowing it; how easily the impartial examiner could be induced to adopt some part of another man's opinions, after that other had zealously approved some favourite, especially if unpopular part of his, as the Pharisees almost became partial even to Christ at the moment that he defended one of their doctrines against the Sadducees. It would be curious to see how a professed respect for a man's character and talents, and concern for his interests, might be changed, in consequence of some personal inattention experienced from him, into illiberal invective against him or his intellectual performances; and yet the railer, though actuated solely by petty revenge, account himself the model of equity and candour all the while. It might be seen how the patronage of power could elevate miserable prejudices into revered wisdom, while poor old Experience was mocked with thanks for her instruction; and how the vicinity or society of the rich, and, as they are termed, great, could perhaps melt a soul that seemed to be of the stern consistence of early Rome, into the gentlest wax on which Corruption could wish to imprint the venerable creed-The right divine of kings to govern wrong,' with the pious inference that justice was outraged when virtuous Tarquin was expelled. I am supposing the observer to perceive all these accommodating dexterities of reason; for it were probably absurd to expect that any mind should itself be able in its review to detect all its own obliquities, after having been so long beguiled, like the mariners in a story which I remember to have read, who followed the direction of their compass, infallibly right as they thought, till they arrived at an enemy's port, where they were seized and doomed to slavery. It happened that the wicked captain, in order to betray the ship, had concealed a large loadstone at a little distance on one side of the needle. On the notions and expectations of one stage of life I suppose all reflecting men look back with a kind of contempt, though it may be often with the mingling wish that some of its enthusiasm of feeling could be recovered I mean the period between proper childhood and maturity. They will allow that their reason was then feeble, and they are prompted to exclaim: 'What fools we have been!' while they recollect how sincerely they entertained and advanced the most ridiculous speculations on the interests of life and the questions of truth; how regretfully astonished they were to find the mature sense of some of those around them so completely wrong; yet in other instances, what veneration they felt for authorities for which they have since lost all their respect; what a fantastic importance they attached to some most trivial things; what complaints against their fate were uttered on account of disappointments which they have since recollected with gaiety or self-congratulation; what happiness of Elysium they expected from sources which would soon have failed to impart even common satisfaction; and how certain they were that the feelings and opinions then predominant would continue through life. If a reflective aged man were to find at the bottom of an old chest-where it had lain forgotten fifty years— a record which he had written of himself when he was young, simply and vividly describing his whole heart and pursuits, and reciting verbatim many passages of the language which he sincerely uttered, would he not read it with more wonder than almost every other writing could at his age inspire? He would half lose the assurance of his identity, under the impression of this immense dissimilarity. It would seem as if it must be the tale of the juvenile days of some ancestor, with whom he had no connection but that of name. DR ADAM CLARKE. He Another distinguished dissenter was DR ADAM CLARKE (1760-1832), a profound oriental scholar, author of a Commentary on the Bible (1810-26)—a very valuable work-of various religious treatises, a Bibliographical Dictionary (1802-4), &c. was also editor of a collection of state-papers supplementary to Rymer's Fœdera (1818). Dr Clarke was a native of Moybeg, a village in Londonderry, Ireland, where his father was a schoolmaster. He was educated at Kingswood School, an establishment of Wesley's projecting for the instruction of itinerant preachers. In due time he himself became a preacher; and so indefatigable was he in propagating the doctrines of the Wesleyan persuasion, that he twice visited Shetland, and established there a Methodist mission. In the midst of his various journeys and active duties, |