Mr. Seymour still keeps all Beckhallowin1 tythes in his hand, Slatting Somersett building' 21. 6s. 10d. 1658. July 8. B of ye Mr. of ye colledg by deputy Fleetwood Mending wall in ye fellows garden 5s. od. 12d. 19s. od. 5s. od. 9s. 6d. 5s. od. Mar. 12. B of Dr. Langley the sum of five sh. ye Pemb. Coll. proportion of twenty pounds wch ye university at a Delegacy did agree to give to pet Samuell a converted Jew Balsamides distressed Græcian and Jacq. Fourre a converted Catholiq; 1660. May 7. For weeding ye Quadrangle agt. Mr. Southworth's buriall. a Payd goodwiffe forrest for washing Coll. linen for ye Quarter 1673. Recd for three Kilderkins of Double Beer layd in for ye Beavers of ye workmen⭑ Dec. 3. Gathered by yo manciple for freshmen's gawdies 5 18/. 2s. od. 1694. Pitching before the College gate 1696. Pitching before the College from Alms House to further corner of the Lodgings, and a little ashlar wall at the corner of the Alms House Levelling and pitching do. and the passage yt goes down to the commoners' garden Il. 19s. od. 1 Bec Herluin. The name Herlewyne occurs in and before the thirteenth century in Oxford. The family of Harlewin of Ascerton in Sidmouth was not extinct in the seventeenth. Arms, az. three apples arg. a file in chief. Evelyn enters in his Diary, Oct. 31, 1648, 'I went to see my manor of Preston Beckhelvyn and the Cliffhouse.' 2 i. e. Summaster's, originally Minote Hall. 3 Edward Soothworth, matr. July 20, 1654; B.A. Feb. 12, 1654. The custom is still observed at funerals of making the circuit of the Old Quadrangle. • Engaged in building the College front. Beavers,' i. e. drink (buvoir). These are explained in the chapter relating to Johnson. Vide infra. Adjoining the Lodgings, then being built. SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY ACCOMPTS. 281 It appears from these accounts that at the time of the Commonwealth a Tesdale scholar's place was still worth in money £3 or £3 155. a quarter, from which full quarteridge' were subtracted 'decrements,' viz. dues and everything not included in his allowances, about IIS. 6d. to 14s. 6d. One fellow's 'battles and decrements' were £1 6s. 6d. the half year; those of another (George Wightwick) £1 17s. 6d. The Latin Lecturer received £2 a year, the Praelector Graecus the same. The Bursar £1. I confess that the entry under 1655, mending the colledg plate,' throws suspicion on the completeness of the society's surrender of its silver to King Charles. The Historical MSS. Commission mentions an entry, under date July 11, [16]72, which I cannot find: 'Recd. then of Mr. Frampton 11s. 10d. for the maintenance of the workmen and the marshall of the beggars. I say recd. by me 60l. 11s. 6d. The bedell, workmaster, or marshall of the beggars had nothing to do with the Christ Church almsmen, as suggested in the Commission's Report (vi. p. 549); see Wood's Life and Times, i. 466; iii. 63; iv. 79. CHAPTER XXI. CHANNEL ISLAND FOUNDATIONS. AMONG the earlier benefactors of the College was KING CHARLES THE FIRST, who came to the throne the year after its foundation. It owed to him-for the possession is now gone-the advowson of St. Aldate's and its connexion, still maintained, with the Channel Islands, whence came to it the energetic ruler who alienated the St. Aldate's patronage. King Charles desired to divest the Crown of Church property. At the beginning of the war he made a peculiarly solemn vow to that effect. In 1634, by the advice of the new Primate, he had given back to the poor clergy of the Church of Ireland all the impropriations then remaining in the Sovereign. It was in pursuance of this policy that, in 1636', he of his pure affection' bestowed the patronage of St. Aldate's on the adjacent College, so lately founded by his father, and sprung out of the loins of the two religious houses to which the advowson had belonged. In 1642 the King wrote to the Vice-Chancellor of our perpetuall care and protection of such nurseries of learning. No doubt Laud, the Visitor of the College, and ever on the alert to promote the interests of learning, counselled the restitution—an unselfish act, considering the anxiety of himself and of his Master to modify the complexion of the Church by suitable appointments and the likelihood that Pembroke would still feel the influence of Abbot, who died in 1633. Another object which the King and Laud had at heart was the improvement of the state of learning among the Channel Island It was in this year that the King and Queen visited Oxford 'with no applause,' the scholars standing sullen and uttering no Vivat Rex! When he came to Christ Church the Dean and Canons conducted him with all the lords into the noble priory, now cathedral, church of St. Frideswyde; but, before he entered, he knelt down at the large South door, where lifting up his hands and eyes, with his long left lock (according to the then mode) shelving over his shoulder, did his private devotions to his Maker.' (Gutch, Annals, ii. 408.) Charles declared in 1641, 'I would rather feed upon bread and water, than invade or take away any part of the Church patrimony.' EDUCATION OF CHANNEL ISLAND CLERGY. 283 clergy, and the recovery to Anglicanism of the oldest domain of the English Crown. In 1563, the year of the foundation of Abingdon School, Elizabeth had endowed a College in Guernsey on the ruins and out of the property of a convent of Cordeliers, and for a time this served the needs of Jersey also. The famous Saravia, Hooker's friend and confessor, was the first master, Isaac Basire the Orientalist the second or third. In 1598, however, the Presbyterian Colloque' of Jersey proposed to unite the two schools of that island into a college for the instruction of youth in laudable arts, and Laurens Baudains endowed it with certain wheat rents. The Queen granted letters of mortmain, which however were not made patent, though the 'Collége d'Élisabeth' is mentioned in 1604 as already founded. In December, 1610, the Colloquy complained that the College remained neglected and that the revenues thereof were diverted from the founder's purpose, to the great scandal of the entire isle. James I accordingly, in 1611, ordered the incorporation of thirteen Governors to use Baudains' benefaction and any others for the maintenance of scholars to be trained up in 'learning and in the studie of divinity' at the English Universities. Thirty Jersey quarters of wheat however would not go far towards this end. Among the Orders in Council of 1618 is one 'concerning the petition delivered to the Commissioners [Conway and Bird] by Sir Philipp de Carteret, Seigneur of St. Owen and some other Justices in the name of the three Estates.' . . . 'Whereas they further petition that his Majestie would be pleased to graunte unto them some places in such of those Colledges as are in his Majesties guifte for the maintenance at the Universities of such poore Schollers as shall be recommended by the three Estates of that Island,' it was ordered that this request be granted. No opportunity occurred in James I's reign for carrying out the promise. Meanwhile natives destined for the ministry were frequently sent at the charges of the States of the two Islands to Saumur-sometimes however to Cambridge. Thus, in 1627, Thomas Guille was allowed £200 tournois for three years to study at Saumur1. In Jersey, the Anglican worship was revived in 1619, but 'the religion' 1 The livre tournois of twenty sols is one-fourteenth of the pound sterling. I am indebted to the Rev. G. E. Lee, M.A., the learned Rector of St. Pierre Port, Guernsey (and brother of a well-known Pembrochian, Mr. Austin Lee, C.B., of H. B. M. Embassy at Paris), for a perusal of the documents on which the above narrative is based. Even after the foundation of the King Charles Fellowships and Morley Scholarships, the States sometimes supported ordinands at College. Thus, from 1722-41, Thomas Williams, 'étudiant à Oxford,' was allowed £400 tournois a year. 284 KING CHARLES THE FIRST'S FOUNDATION. had still a strong hold on the ministers. Guernsey, whither the Prince de Condé had retired, expelled, in 1593, all natives who did not conform to the Geneva Platform', and only accepted the Prayer Book at last, in 1662, at the pike's point, the ministers resigning their cures rather than be re-ordained. When, in 1630, King Charles proposed to abolish the Calvinistic discipline, Lord Danby represented that there was nothing to put in place of it-There being many old ministers in Guernesey, if they die, we shall not know whence to supply them with others; for out of France they will not come to us, and here we can find few or none.' Two years later, however, there fell to the Crown by escheat, through lack of heirs, properties belonging to Sir Miles Hobart, alderman of London2, viz., seven messuages and two gardens in Lad Lane in the parish of St. Lawrence in the Old Jewry 3, holden in free burgage of the City of London at a rent of £45 10s.; also a moiety of a cottage, now Whittington Farm, at Meidenham (Medmenham), Bucks, 'being 123 acres, 52 acres of Medows, 53 of pasture, and 205 of woods.' With this windfall the King purposed to redeem his Father's promise, hoping to wean the clergy of the Norman archipelago from Calvinism by bringing them to Oxford. With the Hobart properties, to be held by fealty in free and common socage,' the King founded three Fellowships, at Exeter, Jesus College, and Pembroke respectively, for natives of Guernsey and Jersey, Sir Anthony Rous, Mr. Oliver Ridge and Margaret his wife, co-heir of Miles with Sir Anthony, forgoing their pretended rights ('pretensum jus suum in eisdem).' It was signified to be 'his Mties intention that within convenient tyme the sayd Fellowes or Scholars shall return to the sayd severall Ilands upon fitt Promocions to them offered there.' The letters patents, addressed 'to the Maister, Fellowes and Scholars of Pembrooke Colledge,' and dated June 1636, declare: 1 Richard Girard was flogged in 1573 for upholding the mass. The Anglican worship was retained in Castle Cornet, whither English residents were ferried over. The deanery was in abeyance for a hundred years; as recently as 1755 the Dean was obliged to have recourse to the civil power to enforce the reading of the Litany in a parish church. Till quite lately the surplice was not used at all in certain parishes. 2 M.P. for Marlow, 1628-9. Imprisoned for locking the door of the House of Commons. Died at Marlow July 4, 1632. 3 In Gresham Street; now occupied by the firm of Pickford. This property has become valuable. Not Francis Rous's father, who died 1622. The great-grandfather of Rous the diarist was Sir Anthony of Dennington, Suffolk, Treasurer of the Chamber to Henry VIII. He died in 1547. |