LIME TREES (5th S. viii. 478; 6th S. ii. 85, 153, 318, 357).—MR. HUBERT SMITH challenges for a larger lime tree than the one he has mentioned as "growing on the Badger Hall Estate in Shropshire." If two conjoined trees appearing as one, and forming one mass of foliage, may pass muster for a single tree, I can beat him for size, and if not, the larger of the two may be bracketed as equal in size to his Badger tree. But in fairness I will give the following extract from my Forest and Chace of Malvern : "Some very fine trees of the lime (Tilia Europæa), now stand in a field about half a mile south of Bromsberrow church, and by the side of the road leading from Ledbury towards Gloucester. Two of these growing near each other have become conjoined, both by the amalgamation of their arms and a lateral junction at the root. The larger of these trees is 27 ft. in circumference at 3 ft. from the ground, and is 36 ft. round the base; the other is 11 ft. 3 in. in girth at a yard from the ground, and 10 ft. in circumference at the base. The whole mass, if measured as one tree (and the interval between the boles where the connecting root joins them is only 19 inches), is full 48 ft. in circumference." In the work mentioned a woodcut is given of this dendrological curiosity. EDWIN LEES, F.L.S. Worcester. "BASKET "9 (6th S. iii. 467; iv. 12).—MR. WALFORD may like to be reminded of what Mr. Freeman says of the word basket : "There may doubtless be some little British and Roman blood in us, just as some few Welsh and Roman words crept into the English tongue from the very beginning. But we may be sure that we have not much of their blood in us, because we have so few of their words in our language. The few that there are are mainly the sort of words which the women, whether wives or slaves, would bring in, that is, names of things in household use, such as basket, which is one of the few Welsh words in English."-Old English History, EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A. "LADYKEYS" (6th S. iii. 429 ; iv. 57).-It may interest MR. MERYON WHITE to hear that in our patois cowslips are called Schlüssel blumen, i.e., keyflowers. Perhaps the shape of the flower may have something to do with its appellation. FOUY DUTREUX. Luxemburg. p. 28. "CUT OVER" (6th S. iii. 448; iv. 58).—A similar expression to this occurs in A Relation of the Retaking of the Island of Sta. Helena, and Three Dutch East-India Ships (1673) :— "On the 11th, between seven and eight in the evening, a ship appeared in sight with a flag aloft; which we cut after, and by eleven at night came up with her, and took her; which proved to be one of the Dutch East India fleet, sent before with the new Governor for Saint Helena." F. C. BIRKBECK TERRY. A WARWICKSHIRE PHRASE (6th S. iii. 430; iv. 54).-More than fifty years ago I heard a native of Vermont use an expression very similar WAS WILLIAM IV. AN AUTHOR? (6th S. iv. 48.)-The allusion in the Gentleman's Magazine (September, 1801) is no doubt to the Duke of Clarence's speech on the slave trade, published in 1799, and to the Substance of Speeches against the C. T. B. Divorce Bill, published in 1800. "DRAY" SQUIRREL'S NEST (6th S. iii. 449).— This is duly given as a Sussex word by Mr. Parish in his recently published Sussex Glossary. The etymology is by no means easy, for I suspect that At the the old English for it is not recorded. same time, it seems reasonable to suppose that it is allied to O. Dutch draeyen, "to turne, to winde, to fould, or to wrap up," Hexham. This verb is very common, with a large number of derivatives. Mr. Parish notes that the Sussex word is also called draw, obviously by confusion with dray in the sense of a brewer's sledge, which is allied to draw and drag and dredge. Cambridge. WALTER W. SKEAT. AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (6th S. iv. 50)."For sluggard's brow," &c. Thomson's Castle of Indolence, canto ii. stanza 50. C. T. B. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. Illusions: a Psychological Study. By James Sully. (C. Kegan Paul & Co.) MR. SULLY has given us a book which requires no little attention if its contents are to be thoroughly mastered. In these days, when fluent writers are prepared to dispatch any or all the most complex problems of life and mind in a short magazine article, it is not a little comforting to find that we have some still among us who are prepared to go to the root of the matter in their search for knowledge, and are aware that even possible truth s reaching, should hail him (albeit somewhat fantastically) as "our sad, bad, glad, mad brother"; but it is certainly significant that Mr. Matthew Arnold, in an introduction to the flower of English poetry, should find room for reference to the warm human tears in this "voice from the slums of Paris." Clearly, after such an utterance, it was necessary that some fuller manifestation of Villon should be made to the English-reading public; and Messrs. Reeves & Turner have done well in reissuing (with some needful retrenchments) that complete translation put forth in 1878 by Mr. Payne for the benefit of a chosen few. The enterprise was in many ways a notable one. So great are the difficulties of rendering the poems in the original forms, that it would not be difficult to demonstrate that success is well-nigh impossible. But taking Mr. Payne's work as a whole, and bearing in mind that it includes the whole, and is not a merely fitful attempt at a part or parts, we must honestly admit that it exhibits an amount of manipulative skill and sustained verbal dexterity which, to those who know the magnitude of the technical obstacles, will seem little short of marvellous. That it should strike us, notwithstanding, more as a brilliant tour de force than a really representative rendering will not, after what we have said, be regarded as any abatement of praise, since ingenuity rather than absolute fidelity is the rock ahead of all translation, and especially of that which reproduces metres and forms. Those who can still spell out the originals in the old editions of Jannet and Lacroix will continue to do so in spite of latest researches and various readings; but those who cannot-and to them this book is addressed-will gain from it, and from the picturesque and thoroughly literary study with which it opens, much more than a merely vague outline of this poet of the kennel and the tavern, who betwixt two ribald or satirical staves could produce so reverential an appeal as the Ballade pour prier Notre Dame" or "so sweet a voice and vague" as that which has for burden "Mais où sont les neiges d'antan !" of more importance than any number of glib sentences. The Poems of Master Francis Villon, of Paris. Now first THE growing interest in that strange and complex personage whom Clement Marot called "the first Parisian poet" must be exceedingly attractive to the student of literary revivals. That François de Montcorbier, other wise known as François Villon, should have found fervent admirers in MM. Richepin and De Banville is not remarkable, since one is the restorer of the famous ballade form, of which Villon is the acknowledged master, and the other is an adept in that argol of which the erratic singer whom he celebrates comprehensively as "Escroc, truand, marlou, génie" was an earlier and more illustrious practitioner. Nor is it matter for surprise that Mr. Swinburne, whose enthusiasms are generous and far The New Phrynichus: being a Revised Text of the Ecloga of the Grammarian Phrynichus. With Introductions. and Commentary by W. Gunion Rutherford, M.A. (Macmillan & Co.) THIS book is in several respects one of the most important classical works published within late years, because it seems to indicate that the current of Greek scholarship is now setting in a new direction in England. On the one hand, it is a deliberate attempt to dethrone the German school founded by Hermann, and to return to the methods of the great English scholars, Bentley, Porson, Elmsley, and Dawes; on the other hand, it fearlessly enunciates the first maxim of true scholarship, that anomalies must be disregarded till the rules are thoroughly understood. In insisting upon raising into a rule everything that is true in three cases out of four Mr. Rutherford may sometimes have carried too far the principles of the grammarian whom he illustrates; but the fault, if any, is on the right side. Again, following the lead of Phrynichus, his editor has been brought to formulate two very striking and useful theories-the one that in the tragic dialect has been preserved the language of early Attica, the other that Xenophon's diction is not Attic at all, but virtually an anticipation of the common dialect. Both of these theories are supported at some length, but it is impossible to discuss them here. Space forbids us to do more than call special attention to articles 302 and 325, which will probably produce considerable alterations in future Greek grammars. The book, on the whole, is a remarkable one; and we shall look forward to the publication of the authoritative work on the Attic verb which, as we learn from the preface, is Mr. Rutherford's cherished ulterior beyond the precincts of the great West Minster which he knew and loved so well. In New England, no less project. than here, his memory ut palma florebit. The Angel Messiah of Buddhists, Essenes, and Christians. Journal of the Derbyshire Archæological and Natural IN Arthur Penrhyn Stanley, Dean of Westminster, English literature and English society lose an ornament, and "N. & Q." loses a kind friend and valued supporter. It seems but the other day that we were recording his most recently published work, little thinking that it would be his last. The familiar presence of one who had been intimately associated with so much that goes to make up the life of the nation will long be missed, far beyond the circle of the Dean's personal friends, far DEATH has been sadly busy among our old friends and contributors. Chancellor Harington was called to his rest on the very same day as the Dean of Westminster. He will be missed not only under the shadow of Exeter Cathedral, but among the many throughout the country who knew and valued his refined scholarship. AMONGST Mr. Murray's list of forthcoming works are: -Continuation of Elwin's Edition of the Works of Pope (vol. iii. of the Poetry), containing the Satires, Moral Essays, &c., with Introduction and Notes, edited by W. J. Courthope, M.A.; Selections from the Correspon dence of the Rev. Thomas Twining, M.A.; The Rise of Styles in Architecture, by George Edmund Street, R.A.; The Life of Sir Charles Lyell, with Selections from his Journals and Correspondence, edited by his sister-in-law, Mrs. Lyell; The Life of Albert Dürer, and a History of his Art, by Moritz Thausing; A Dictionary of Hymnology, by John Julian, F.R.S.L.; and the Life of Jonathan Swift, by Henry Craik, B.Á. Notices to Correspondents. FLEET STREET.-A "wayzgoose," according to Bailey's Dictionary, is a stubble-goose. An early instance of the use of the word for printers' annual dinners will be found in Moxon's Mechanick Exercises, 1683. Moxon says: "It is also customary for all the Journey-men to make every Year new Paper Windows, whether the old will serve again or no; Because that day they make them, the Master Printer gives them a Way goose; that is, he makes them a good Feast, and not only entertains them at the Ale-house or Tavern at Night; And to this Feast at his own House, but besides, gives them money to spend they invite the Correcter, Founder, Smith, Joyner, and Inck-maker, who all of them severally (except the Correcter in his own Civility) open their Purse-strings and add their Benevolence (which Workmen account their duty, because they generally chuse these Workmen) to nothing, because the Master Printer chusing him, the the Master Printer: But from the Correcter they expect Workmen can do him no kindness. These Way-gooses Master Printer have given this Way-goose, the journeyare always kept about Bartholomew-tide. And till the men do not use to work by Candle Light." Timperley, in his Dictionary of Printers and Printing, 1839, quotes the above from Moxon, with the following note: "The derivation of this term is not generally known. It is goose is a known dainty in our days. A wayzgoose was from the old English word wayz, stubble. A stubblethe head dish at the annual feasts of the forefathers of our fraternity." E. M. writes to us that he has procured a copy of the present Hieroglyphic Bible, and that it has the name of Houlston & Sons on the title. HORA.-The apostrophe seems to be simply a case of atavism, though in a somewhat unexpected quarter. R. C. HOPE (Scarborough).-Consult the newspapers of the date when the incident occurred. Every SATURDAY, of any Bookseller or News-agent, Price THREEPENCE, Each Half-yearly Volume complete in itself, with Title-Page and Index. REVIEWS of every important New Book, English and Foreign, and of every new English Novel. REPORTS of the LEARNED SOCIETIES. AUTHENTIC ACCOUNTS of Scientific Voyages and Expeditions. 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