of three for tree (arbor) that I intended to instance
in my note.
ST. SWITHIN.
"STUART" (6th S. iv. 267, 314).-North of the
Tweed, in the country of the Stewarts or Stuarts,
the name is invariably pronounced as a dissyllable.
If illustration be needed, see numerous instances
in Hogg's Jacobite Relics, e. g.:-

"You're welcome, Charlie Stuart,
There's none so right as thou art.
Had I the power to my will
Thy foes to scatter, take and kill,
I'd make thee famous by my quill
From Billingsgate to Duart."

The change from the original spelling is understood to date from Queen Mary's residence in NORVAL CLYNE.

France.

Aberdeen.

LOGGAN, THE ARTIST (6th S. iv. 90, 332). The Privilege quoted by MR. R. HOLLAND is, or should be, found in every complete copy of the Oxonia Illustrata. Lowndes gives a collation of this work, as also of the Cantabrigia, and the correct date (1688) of the latter. There are some slight variations in copies and in the plates, too long to note in these columns. I shall be happy to give a note of these to MR. DODGSON, if he cares to have it, from the copies in my collection.

The heart, in the way, at the Blue-lion inns." Bp. Hall, Satires, II. vii. 31, 37. Butler (Hudibras, II. iii. 434) speaks of— "Th' houses where the Planets inn."

And Horace Walpole, in 1775, writing to a friend to whom he had sent some things, says, "You had better send for them where the machine inns." T. LEWIS O. DAVIES. Pear Tree Vicarage, Southampton. WAREHAM (6th S. iv. 232, 277).—F. H. H. says, "I do not think there are any records or remains of enclosure or fortification" at Wareham. On the contrary, Wareham is enclosed, or all but enclosed, by what remains of its ancient fortifications. You walk along the top of the earthworks, and see the widespreading watery vale outside them; and inside them the shrunken old town, with gardens and crofts where once were houses and churches. Two churches only remain, and one of the two is desecrated and used as a day school. It is a pathetic place, this Wareham; more

BOON-DAYS (6th S. iii. 449; iv. 13, 55).-In North Derbyshire "boon work," or booning," was formerly considered, and it may be so now, as work done over and above the work that could be demanded by law or custon. Fifty years ago a surveyor of highways came to me and told me of an improvement he wanted to make in the roads over and above the ordinary statute labour, and he said all the farmers had agreed to do "boon work" for it in their several proportions, and as I had no cart-horses he requested from me, in addition to my composition, a "boon" in money. Some years afterwards I wanted a quantity of material carted without delay for some distance, and got a number of farmers to do it. On paying one of them, he said, "I would gladly have booned it if you had done it that way."

Craven.

ELLCEE.

THATCHED CHURCHES (6th S. ii. 447; iii. 56; iv. 117).-The Church of Salhouse, spelt in the parish registers Salehouse, six miles from Norwich, had a thatched roof prior to its restoration, which is now going on, and the new roof is to be thatch. REGINALD STEWART BODDINGTON. Titley, Herefordshire.

THE AUTHORSHIP OF THE "IMITATIO CHRISTI" (6th S. iv. 246, 335).—In answer to MR. WATERTON, I must confess that my knowledge of Carthusian writings is very limited. I therefore cannot satisfy his demand. But I hardly see what end such a passage would serve, as I presume even MR. WATERTON Would admit that this use of exterius" might, very soon after 1430, have become known at the Grande Chartreuse from the Imitation itself. What I conceive its use in 1430 to show may be made clearer by quoting the rest of the passage, "C'est donc que cette expression était employée par tout le monde et non point exclusivement en Allemagne" (La Grande Chartreuse, p. 203, note), and by adding that, whether it was used at the Chartreuse. used " par tout le monde" or not, it was certainly

The authority of the official publication from which I quoted may be given for the statement that when the inmates of the Chartreuse meet in walks, to hear read some passage of a spiritual the Chapelle des Morts, before taking their rare book of the Imitation (ibid., 230). treatise, the book ordinarily selected is the first

Magdalen College, Oxford.

W. A. B. COOLIDGE.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &c.

The Works of Alexander Pope. New Edition. Including several hundred Unpublished Letters, and other New Materials. Collected in part by the late Right Hon. John Wilson Croker. With Introductions and Notes by Rev. Whitwell Elwin and William John Courthope, M.A. Vol. III.-Poetry, Vol. III. (Murray.) FEW of our readers interested in the story of Pope, his life, character, and writings, and the history of his times, and who have shared our appreciation of the manner in which Mr. Elwin has executed the five volumes of the works of the bard of Twickenham which have appeared under his careful and admirable editorship, but must have shared our longing for the completion of a work which has been carried on with so much learning and good taste. But after a careful examination of this new volume of Pope's Works we feel bound to congratulate our old friends in Albemarle Street, and with them the Rev. Whitwell Elwin, that the latter's mantle has fallen on no unworthy shoulders, Mr. Courthope has obviously been a patient and careful student of the writings and history of Pope; and having had, in addition to the advantage of communication with Mr. Elwin, the assistance and counsel of Mr. Garnett, of the British Museum, and of many other scholars who have made Pope their especial study, he has produced in this volume a sufficient guarantee that the Elwin and Courthope edition of Pope will be brought to a conclusion in such a manner as to justifythe expectations excited by the admirable way in which it was commenced.

A Supplementary English Glossary. By T. Lewis O. Davies. (Bell & Sons.)

MR. DAVIES has produced a work well worthy of standing on the same shelf with the compilations of Nares and Halliwell. In some respects it is of more value than either of the above-named standard books. It is indeed more nearly akin to Dr. A. Hoppe's EnglischDeutsches Supplement-Lexikon than to any English book we know. The work of the learned German, though occupying much the same ground as that of Mr. Davies, is devoted much more to modern literature. Ancient and modern books have contributed alike to Mr. Davies's word-museum. All that was wanted to ensure a place therein was that the claimant should not have been properly described or illustrated by example in some three or four standard dictionaries which are taken as tests. A book like this makes evident the vast wealth of our tongue-a richness unregarded, unknown indeed except to a very few specialists. Of course many of the words catalogued and illustrated here are objectionable compounds, and some others useless as being without anything corresponding to them in nature or in thought; but many are good words which are really wanted to express ideas. We could get on very well without the word bilocation, a term which has been invented to express the faculty some saints are reputed to have possessed of being in two places at the same instant of time, but such words as bush-draining and bushing are required by farmers and game preservers. Sales by inch of candle might be traced earlier up and later down the stream of time than any of the instances here given. There is a notice in the Archæologia, xxxvii. 388, of a sale of this kind in 1794, and Mr. Briscoe informs us, in his Old Nottinghamshire, that the custom still prevails in Dorsetshire, and in the Historical Manuscripts Commission Report, vol. iv. p. 103, we have an account of a sale of this sort which took place in 1641. All up, i.e. total failure, discom

fiture, destruction, has not been traced further back
than Fielding. No dictionary which gives examples can
be said to be complete that does not under "
All up
reproduce the mock epitaph which the late Mr. W. J.
Conybeare inserted in his novel called Perversion. It is
supposed to commemorate a former squire of Hogs
Norton who was cut off in the midst of festivities, and
runs thus:-
Quite well at ten,

Had a few friends to sup with me;
Taken ill at twelve,

And at one it was all up with me." We trust Mr. Davies's work will become widely known, and that it may soon be succeeded by other volumes from his pen of a like character.

Materials for the History of Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury (Canonized by Pope Al xander III., A.D. 1173). Edited by J. G. Robertson, M.A., Canon of Canterbury, for the Master of the Rolls.-Vol. V. THE Latin lives of Archbishop Becket are naturally Epistles. (Longmans & Co.) followed by a complete collection of his letters, which will now for the first time be arranged in one series and in the order of time. The MS. collection in the Vatican Library, which contains 535 letters, was the work of Alan, Prior of Canterbury, and afterwards Abbot of Tewkesbury, whose life of the Archbishop is printed in Canon Robertson's second volume. Alan takes credit for attempting to present the letters in their true order; but a monk of the twelfth century could scarcely be expected to perform correctly a work of so critical a kind, and little dependence can be placed on his order of arrangement. For example, his third book contains the letters connected with the legation of Gratian and Vivian, which was of subsequent date to the legation of Simon and Bernard, the subject of his fourth book. Alan's collection was edited by Lupus from the Vatican MS., and has been largely supplemented by Dr. Giles with letters chiefly derived from a MS presented to the Bodleian Library by Sir Thomas Cave. The chronological principle of arrangement is discarded altogether in Dr. Giles's edition, and the letters are printed according to the rank of the writers. The pope's letters are placed first, then come those of cardinals, then of archbishops in the alphabetical order of their sees, then of bishops, then of clerks; whilst the letters of laymen, Letters which were included in his editions of the letters kings, queens, nobles, and knights are similarly arranged. of John of Salisbury and of Arnulf of Sisseux are excluded altogether, however important they may be in their bearing on the archbishop's history; and this confusion is aggravated in the Abbé Migne's reprint of Giles's edition by the removal of Pope Alexander's letters to another volume of his Patrologia. Canon Robertson, therefore, found little help from his predecessors in the difficult task of determining the true dates of the documents printed in this volume, but he brought to his task an unrivalled knowledge of the deto accomplish it with equal skill and success. tails of the archbishop's career, which has enabled him letters in this volume are 226 in number, and range

from 1158 to 1166.

The

Genealogical Memoirs of the Families of Chester of Bristol, Barton-Regis, London, and Almondsbury, and of the Families of Astry descended from Sir Ralph Astry, Lord Mayor of London, 1493, &c. Attempted by Robert Edmond Chester Waters, Esq., B A., and of the Inner Temple. (Reeves & Turner.) THIS admirable genealogical monograph is by the same skilful and practised hand as the much larger work on the Chesters of Chicheley. The Chesters of Chicheley

were formerly considered to be of one stock with those of Bristol, and the relationship was shown in the Baronetages. It is presumed the author had collected everything about the latter before he found that these were really distinct families; but we must thank him for printing the materials he had gathered. On the other hand, Mr. Waters has for the first time shown the connexion of all the Astry families. The book is of somewhat limited interest, as the Chesters and Astrys are apparently extinct, and the married daughters few from whom a descent could be claimed at the present day. But on other grounds, as a model of what a moderate "family history" should be, we cordially recommend it to our readers; for the author seldom speculates, but tests every received statement by records, and therefore is a most trustworthy authority. The narrative is very readable; there are tabular pedigrees, some armorial woodcuts, and a full index. The wills of the merchants of Bristol and of the old "civic aristocracy" of London are of wider interest. The work is dedicated to Mr. Chester-Master, of the Abbey, Cirencester, and of Knole Park, Gloucestershire.

The Vision of the Twelve Goddesses: a Royal Masque. By Samuel Daniel. Reprinted and Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by Ernest Law. (Quaritch.) THE splendour which attended the performance, rather than any special merit of language, appears to have commended to Mr. Law for reproduction the Royal Masque of Samuel Daniel. Performed on the evening of Sunday, Jan. 8, 1604, by Queen Anne of Denmark and eleven maids of honour in the Great Hall at Hampton Court, it was "in a certain sense the first true masque ever presented." As such it attracted considerable attention, and references to its performance still survive. Mr. Law has made this solemnity the basis of a disquisition upon masques in general, and has furnished in addition an account of those who took part in the performance. His work supplies a want in our theatrical histories, and as such has real value. It is, moreover, written in an agreeable and picturesque style, and constitutes a desirable possession. Whether Mr. Law's recommendation that the masque, as an essentially English form of entertainment, should be revived, will be accepted by managers is doubtful. His book, with its agreeable erudition and pleasant criticism, will at least find a place in every theatrical library. In all bibliographical respects the reprint is satisfactory.

The Story of the New Testament told in connexion with the Revised Version; the Chief Divergences between it and the Authorized Version Compared and Criticized. By the Rev. Andrew Carter. (Whittaker & Co.) THIS pocket volume contains a concise account of English translations of the New Testament, about fifty pages being devoted to the revision. There is prefixed a clear summary of the history of the canon, and of the preservation of Greek MSS. and versions, with definitions of terms which would be likely to puzzle unlearned readers of such notices of the Revised Version as have occupied so much space lately in reviews and newspapers. The writer points out the bearing which the revision has upon eternal punishment, and other doctrines which are now uppermost in the religious world. Though the book is small, it is furnished with a useful index. The Creed of Science, Religious, Moral, and Social. William Graham, M.A. (C. Kegan Paul & Co.) THIS is a thoughtful book of a very high order. To criticize it within any limits which we have at our command would be impossible, and justice demands that when dealing with subjects of the deepest interest to humanity we should not blame or praise offhand in a

By

few easy sentences without giving the grounds of our assent or dissent. In the present instance, though we find much that we approve most heartily, we are bound to say that we are at issue with some of the most important of the general conclusions. The remarks as to the theory known as the "nebular hypothesis" are very wise, and we think highly of the manner in which the theory of evolution is stated. Many of the conclusions, however, are such as cannot be arrived at by those who hold the fundamental facts which lie behind the creeds of the Christian and Moslem worlds.

PROF. SKEAT'S Etymological Dictionary, which was announced for publication on Nov. 1, will not be quite ready by that date. It is, however, nearly finished, and may be expected to appear in the course of that month. AMONGST Messrs. Longmans' announcements are The Speeches of Lord Beaconsfield; Vol. IV. of Mr. Blanchard Jerrold's Life of Napoleon the Third; Vols. IV. and V. (completing the work) of The History of Rome, by Wilhelm Ihne; Mr. S. R. Gardiner's The Fall of the Monarchy of Charles I.; Memoir of Augustus de Morgan, by Mrs. De Morgan; and Notes on Foreign Picture Galleries, by Charles Locke Eastlake, F.R.I.B.A.

COLONEL GRANT'S LIBRARY.-Pope's star is once more in the ascendant. In another column we have noticed the new and interesting volume of his works just issued from Albemarle Street, and we now call attention to the coming sale of Popiana, Swiftiana, Johnsoniana, Curlliana, &c., contained in the remarkable library of Colonel Grant, which are to be sold by Messrs. Puttick & Simpson, in Leicester Square, on Wednesday, Nov. 16. All who are interested in the literature of that brilliant period will thank us for advising them to secure a catalogue of this highly important sale, rich almost beyond precedent in the peculiar class of literature which it embraces, and which we shall be surprised if they do not preserve as a bibliographical bijou. When we say that among Colonel Grant's treasures is not improbably the only remaining copy of Warburton's 1743 edition of the Ethic Epistles, which the editor eventually suppressed, and almost all, if not all, the known editions of the Dunciad, &c., we have said enough to justify this exceptional notice of a coming book sale.

Notices to Correspondents.

A. M. writes:-"Where can I either buy or see a British Army? It is important that they should be as book containing pictures of the old uniforms of the of the Militia." correct as possible; and more especially the uniforms

the Browning Society are, Miss Hickey, Clifton House, Pond Street, Hampstead, N.W. Mr. Furnivall is good enough to say that he will send you a prospectus.

Æ. O'N.-The name and address of the secretary of

J. R.-There is a Carlyle Club. An advertisement giving particulars of a monthly meeting appears in this week's Athenæum.

H. B. A.-The wording of the passage is decidedly questionable.

A CORRECTION.-P. 264, col. 1, line 1, for "correcting the proof," read preparing the draft.

SUN

FRANCIS B. RELTON, Secretary.

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