the least debate, "a circumstance scarce ever remembered." But there was great distress amongst the poor from the high price of provisions, and riots broke out in Essex in April, 1772, which had to be suppressed by a military force. The magistrates were warned by the Secretary at War that there were not more than five thousand troops which could be moved for the preservation of the peace in South Britain; "all the rest of our army is fast and cannot stir." The dearness of provisions was popularly attributed "to the practice, then getting fashionable," of the landlords buying up the tenants' interests and turning small holdings into large farms at a rack rent. The tenants who were bought out held small estates under leases for three lives at a nominal rent, and were for the most part careful, industrious people, who were contented with the market price for their corn and cattle, and always had some money in reserve to keep the estate in the family in case a life dropped. The extermination of this industrious and independent class of the agricultural community was deplored as a national calamity, and the mischief resulting from it is eloquently described in Goldsmith's Deserted Village, which was published in 1770. A paper addressed to the king in 1772, pointing out the effects of the change in Dorset, is well worth studying by advocates of the English system of letting land. The great fire in Portsmouth Dockyard, in July, 1770, excited a great commotion at the time, and in some of its circumstances is not without present interest. It was generally supposed to be the work of foreign incendiaries, and a host of informers came forward to accuse themselves of being implicated. Two of these rogues, named Dudley and Britain, made out such plausible stories that they imposed upon the Secretaries of State as well as the public; but they suffered severely for their fabrications, for Dudley was transported and Britain was hanged at Bristol. Amongst other curious illustrations of the manners of the period it will be found that the Minister of the Elector of Cologne abused his privileges by setting up a gaming-house in the Strand, where three hundred persons of the better sort of tradesmen nightly assembled. Similar houses were fitted up by the Minister of Bavaria in Golden Square, and by the Envoy of Hesse Darmstadt in Suffolk Street, near the Hay market. The notorious Madame Cornelys memorialized the king in 1770 for a patent for musical dramatic entertainments. She says that when she came to London in 1759 and found that it was the "only city in Europe which had not a settled entertainment for the select re ception and amusement of the nobility and gentry," she established one under the auspices of the Duke of York, whose death obliges her to appeal to his Majesty, "after having struggled with a siege of troubles longer than the siege of Troy." R. R. Holmes (Queen's Library, Windsor), Mr. E. B. Nicholson (London Institution), Mr. H. R. Tedder (Athenæum Club), Mr. F. T. Barrett (Mitchell Library, Glasgow), Mr. Douthwaite (Gray's Inn), Mr. W. S. W. Vaux (Royal Asiatic Society), Mr. W. H. Overall (Guildhall Library), Mr. S. Timmins, Mr. Tonks; Mr. E. C. Thomas and Mr. C. Welch, secretaries, and representatives from many other metropolitan and provincial institutions. LONDON MEETING OF THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION.The Library Association is one of the youngest, most energetic, and perhaps one of the most useful, of the many societies, learned and otherwise, which hold meetings each year in a different part of the country. Having gone to Oxford, Manchester, and Edinburgh, the Association has been sitting for the present week in London, in the Hall of the Honourable Society of Gray's Inn, and under the presidency of the master of the library, Mr. J. A. Russell, Q.C. Among those at the meeting were Mr. W. W. Greenough (President of the Boston Public Library), Dr. A. Reichensperger (member of the Reichstag), Mr. Henry Bradshaw (University of Cambridge), Mr. J. D. Mullins (Birmingham Public Libraries), Mr. P. Cowell (Liverpool Public Library), Mr. Yates (Leeds Public Library), Mr. H. J. Matthews and Mr. Madan (of the Bodleian Library), Mr. W. Archer (National Library of Ireland), Mr. Robert Harrison (London Library), Mr. In opening the proceedings on Tuesday, September 13, the Chairman expressed great regret for the loss sustained by the Association and the world of letters in the recent death of the president, the Rev. H. O. Coxe, the Bodleian librarian. He then glanced at some of the subjects of the programme, and remarked that the question of cataloguing was one of the greatest importance. As regards free library legislation, he saw no middle course between leaving matters as they are and making the establishment of free public libraries compulsory. The training of library assistants was another question of extreme interest. A good librarian was born, not made. They could not, however, expect all those who held the position to be born librarians; and therefore if assistantlibrarians could be properly trained the Association would perform a good service, and their successors would reap the benefit. The Chairman observed that the elimination from libraries of what was termed "obsolete" books was to be gone into; but he strongly objected to the term "obsolete book." If it was nothing else, a work no longer of actual value was a footstep on the sands of time, and served to mark the progress of knowledge. He cordially welcomed the members to Gray's Inn Hall. There was a great fitness in meeting there, because those whose lives were spent among books were the natural links with those men of former times who made the materials for books; and it would be difficult, within any reasonable distance, to find any place from which famous men had proceeded who had done more to make the materials of our books in history, politics, and science than that hall, whose windows displayed the escutcheons of Gascoigne, Powell, Thomas Cromwell, Burleigh, Mansfield, Romilly, and Bacon. vote of thanks was passed to the chairman for his address, and a resolution was carried to express the profound regret of the members at the recent death of Mr. Winter Jones, formerly Principal Librarian of the British Museum. A The report of the council was then read. The annual meeting, held at Edinburgh in October last, was highly successful, alike on account of the interest of its proceedings and of the cordiality with which the Associa tion was welcomed by the librarians and the citizens of Edinburgh. A number of papers on subjects connected with libraries and librarianship have been read at the monthly meetings held at the London Institution. The recent death of the Rev. H. O. Coxe has left void a place among English librarians which will not soon be filled up. Sir Redmond Barry will also be much regretted by all. The late Mr. S. A. Hart and Mr. T. Watson were also members. The roll of members has now reached a total of 336, the increase during the year having been 100, and the council congratulated the members on this satisfactory sign of progress. At the Manchester meeting in 1879 it was resolved to recommend the council to influence Parliament in favour of an amendment of the law relating to public libraries. In pursuance of this recommendation the council exchanged communications with the Metropolitan Free Libraries Association, and ascertained that that association was actually drafting a Bill intended to remedy the defects pointed out at Manchester. This proposed Bill was submitted to the council for their approval, much money as the ratepayers pleased. It was fully expected that the Bill introduced into Parliament by Sir John Lubbock would have been discussed and voted on, clause by clause, in order to get expressions of opinionfrom the representatives of free public libraries; but as these gentlemen declined to commit themselves in any way, the discussion fell to the ground. In the afternoon a visit was paid to the library of St. Paul's Cathedral, where the members were received by the librarian, the Rev. Dr. Sparrow Simpson. The rest of the day was devoted to the highly technical subject of cataloguing rules. and, after some improvements had been suggested and adopted, it was introduced by Sir John Lubbock, but did not pass the second reading. An offer which had been made by one of the secretaries to undertake the publication of an official Library Journal was not accepted; but although the matter has remained in abeyance, it must not be considered as finally dropped. The Association will meet at Cambridge in 1882, under the presidency of Mr. Henry Bradshaw, the University librarian. The reports of the council and treasurer having been adopted, the chairman called upon one of the secretaries to read "A Short Notice of the Work of Mr. Coxe at the Bodleian," by the Rev. W. B. Macray. Mr. Henry Stevens (of Vermont) then proceeded with his paper on English Blibliography before 1640." Early English bibliography was not in a very creditable condition, and the proposal of the British Museum to print a catalogue of its English books issued before 1640 was a step in the right direction. It was suggested, in the discussion which followed, that the British Museum should be induced to print a catalogue of all the English books before 1640, and not merely those in its own possession; but this proposal did not meet with universal favour. Meeting at an Inn of Court, it was natural that special attention should be paid to legal literature and legal libraries; and Mr. E. C. Thomas delivered a very practical discourse on legal bibliography, pointing out the pressing necessity of indexing the extensive literature of British law, and suggesting the issue of one law catalogue common to the libraries of the four Inns, with the possible addition of such books as might still be wanting to make up a complete library for practical use. Another sugges-judicial systems of the country for the first two centuries tion was that the members of any one Inn should be admitted to the libraries of the other three. Mr. W. R. Douthwaite, librarian of Gray's Inn, then gave an account of the history and present condition of the libraries of the four Inns of Court; and in the course of the afternoon visits were made to the different libraries described in the paper. The library of Lincoln's Inn is the oldest and largest; it was founded in 1497, and now contains 46,000 volumes. The library of the Inner Temple, which now includes 36,000 volumes, is known to have been in existence in 1540. A library in connexion with the Middle Temple existed as early as the reign of Henry VIII. The collection now consists of about 30,000 volumes of printed books, and is rich in works on civil, canon, and ecclesiastical law. Gray's Inn library existed at least as early as 1555. It now numbers about 13,000 volumes, and though it may not be so rich in American and foreign law as the libraries of the other Inns of Court, it has a complete collection of the English reports and the latest text-books. In the evening the country members were entertained by the London members and friends of the Association at a dinner at the Freemasons' Tavern, Mr. Richard Garnett, Superintendent of the British Museum Reading Room, in the chair. About eighty gentlemen sat down to table, and among the principal toasts honoured were those of "literature," "library committees," "libraries of the old and new world," and " publishers, printers, booksellers, and binders." A humorous "Catalogue Raisonné of the Banquette of Sapience was circulated by the eminent bibliographer who usually adds the mys terious letters G.M.B. (Green Mountain Boy) to his name on title-pages. On Wednesday morning the chair was taken by Mr. J. D. Mullins (Birmingham Public Libraries). The chief business of the day consisted in the discussion of free library legislation, and Mr. W. E. A. Axon led off with a paper, in which he proposed to do away with special legislation, which would leave local authorities power to found their own libraries, with the right to spend as IN the person of the Rev. Robert W. Eyton, the author of the Antiquities of Shropshire, &c., who died last week at Winchfield, Hants, at the age of sixty-five, the country has lost an antiquary hardly to be surpassed for accuracy and depth of research. He was the son of the late Rev. John Eyton, vicar of Wellington and Eyton, Salop, by his marriage with Anna Maria, only child of Mr. Edmond Plowden, of Plowden, Salop, and was born Dec. 21, 1815. He was educated at Rugby and at Christchurch, Oxford, where he obtained a second class in classics, and graduated in 1839. He was rector of Ryton, Salop, from 1841 to 1863, during which time he composed his great work, the Antiquities of Shropshire. The minuteness and extent of his researches into the history of his native county will be appreciated when it is stated that, although he has not carried his history further down than the reign of Edward I., the work extends over twelve volumes. Mr. Eyton's work is a valuable contribution to the history of the feudal and following the Norman Conquest. Mr. Eyton was also the author of Digests of the Domesday Survey of Dorset, Somerset, and Staffordshire, and of the Itinerary of King Henry 11. His latest work was the editing of the Pipe Rolls and early charters of Staffordshire for the William Salt Archæological Society. AMONG the recent announcements of the Florentine house, Successori Le Monnier, we note L'Abbaye de Mont-Olivet-Majeur, by Dom Grégoire M. Thomas, O.S.B., and an address, entitled Dell' Esilio di Dante, delivered before the Circolo Filologico of Florence, by Isidoro del Lungo. We observe that the issue by the same house of a fifth edition of the Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca has reached the first part of vol. iv. Notices to Correspondents. T. B. SPUDD (Cecil Cottage, Queen's Road, Hull) wishes to obtain a copy of the number of Once a Week which contains a piece entitled "Christmas Eve in a Belfry." J. S.-You should apply to the head vergers of the various cathedrals for their respective guide books. The late Mr. Longman and Dr. Sparrow Simpson have written a great deal on the subject of Old St. Paul's. F. CARR (The Willows, Walker) asks for the text of the short poem commencing "Why are the churches shut?" H. H. D. ("Bayeux Tapestry ").—Next week. NOTICE. Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries ""-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"-at the Office, 20, Wellington Street, Strand, London, W.C. We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception. CONTINUATION OF ELWIN'S POPE. On October 10th, with Fac-similes, Vol. III. 8vo. 10s. 6d. THE WORKS OF ALEXANDER POPE. Edited by W. J. COURTHOPE, M.A. Being the POETICAL WORKS, Vol. III., containing the Satires, Moral Essays, &c., with Introduction and Notes. This Edition will be arranged as follows: POETICAL WORKS, 4 vols. PROSE WORKS, 1 vol. CORRESPONDENCE, 5 vols. The Volumes already published are: Vols. I. and II. POETRY. Vols. VI., VII., and VIII. PROSE WORKS and LETTERS. NOTICE. NOTES AND QUERI E S. The VOLUME, JANUARY to JUNE, with the INDEX, PRICE 10s. 6d. IS NOW READY. Cases for Binding, price 1s. 3d., post free. JOHN FRANCIS, 20, Wellington Street, Strand, London, W.C. ENDYMION. For A KEY to LORD BEACONSFIELD'S NOVEL, "ENDY MION," SEE NOTES AND *** A Copy will be sent upon the receipt of 4. in stamps. 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