CHAP.

LVI. SUNDRY PARTICULARS OF THE PLAIN BEYOND CARA-

CORON

PAGE

261

NOTES.-1. Textual. 2. Bargu, the Mecrit, the Reindeer, and Chase

of Water-fowl. 3. The bird Barguerlac, the Syrrhaptes. 4.

Gerfalcons.

LVII. OF THE KINGDOM OF ERGUIUL, AND PROVINCE OF

SINJU

NOTES.-1. Erguiul. 2. Siningfu. 3. The Yak. 4. The Musk

Deer. 5. Reeves's Pheasant.

LVIII. OF THE KINGDOM OF EGRIGAIA ..

NOTES.-I. Egrigaia. 2. Calachan. 3. White Camels, and Camlets:

Siclatoun.

LIX.-CONCERNING THE PROVINCE OF TENDUC, AND THE

DESCENDANTS OF PRESTER JOHN

NOTES.—1. The name and place Tendue. King George. 2. Standing
Marriage Compact. The title Gurgán. 3. Azure. 4. The
terms Argon and Guasmul. The Dungens. 5. The Rampart
of Gog and Magog. 6. Tartary cloths. 7. Siwanhwafu.

LX.-CONCERNING THE KAAN'S PALACE OF CHAGANNOR

NOTES.-I. The word Sesnes. 2. Chagan-nor. 3. The five species

of Crane described by Polo. 4. The word Cator.

LXI.-OF THE CITY OF CHANDU, AND THE KAAN'S PALACE

NOTES.-I. Chandu, properly Shangtu. 2. The Bamboo Palace.

Uses of the Bamboo. 3. Kublai's Annual Migration to

Shangtu. 4. The White Horses. The Oirad Tribe. 5. The

Mare's Milk Festival. (See App. L. 9.) 6. Weather Con-

juring. 7. Ascription of Cannibalism to Tibetans, &c. 8. The

term Bacsi. 9. Magical Feats ascribed to the Lamas. 10. Vast

extent of Lama Convents. 11. Married Lamas. 12. Patarins.

13. The Ascetics called Sensin. 14. Textual.

266

272

275

286

289

BOOK SECOND.

PART I.

I. OF CUBLAY KAAN, THE GREAT KAAN NOW REIGNING, AND

OF HIS GREAT PUISSANCE

NOTE.-Eulogies of Kublai.

II. CONCERNING THE REVOLT OF NAYAN, WHO WAS UNCLE

TO THE GREAT KAAN CUBLAY..

NOTES.-I. Chronology. 2. Kublai's Age. 3. His Wars. 4. Nayan,

and his true relationship to Kublai.

323

324

CHAP.

III. HOW THE GREAT KAAN MARCHED AGAINST NAYAN.

NOTE.-Addition from Ramusio.

..

328

IV. OF THE BATTLE THAT THE GREAT KAAN FOUGHT WITH

NAYAN

NOTES.-I. The word Bretesche. 2. Explanatory. 3. The Nakkara.

4. Parallel Passages. 5. Verbal. 6. The Story of Nayan.

V. HOW THE GREAT KAAN CAUSED NAYAN TO BE PUT TO

DEATH

335

NOTES.-I. The Shedding of Royal Blood avoided. 2. Chorcha,

Kaoli, Barskul, Sikintinju. 3. Jews in China.

VI. HOW THE GREAT KAAN WENT BACK TO THE CITY OF

CAMBALUC

NOTE.-Passage from Ramusio respecting the Kaan's views of Re-

ligion. Remarks.

VII-HOW THE KAAN REWARDED THE

CAPTAINS..

VALOUR OF HIS

338

NOTES.-I. Parallel from Sanang Setzen. 2. The Golden Honorary

Tablets or Paizah of the Mongols. 3. Umbrellas. 4. The

Gerfalcon Tablets.

NOTES.-1. Colour of his Eyes. 2. His Wives. 3. The Kungurat

Tribe. Competitive Examination in Beauty.

IX.-CONCERNING THE GREAT KAAN'S SONS

351

NOTES.-I. Kublai's intended Heir. 2. His other Sons.

..

X.-CONCERNING THE PALACE OF THE GREAT KAAN

NOTES.-I. The word Tarcasci. 2. Arsenals of the Palace. 3. The

Gates. 4. Various Readings. 5. Wide diffusion of the kind

of Palace here described. 6. Parallel description. 7. Modern

account of the Lake, &c. 8. "Roze de l'açur." 9. The Green

Mount. 10. Textual.

XI.-CONCERNING THE CITY OF CAMBALUC

NOTES.-I. Chronology, &c. of Peking. 2. The City Wall. 3.

Changes in the extent of the City. 4. Its ground plan. 5.

Alarm Towers. 6. Uneasiness of the Mongol rulers respecting

the Chinese.

XII-HOW THE GREAT KAAN MAINTAINS

TWELVE THOUSAND HORSE, WHICH

KESHICAN

NOTE-The term Quescican.

354

361

XIII-THE FASHION OF THE GREAT KAAN'S TABLE AT HIS

HIGH FEASTS

..

368

NOTES.-1. Order of the Tables. 2. The word Vernique. 3. The

Buffet of Liquors. 4. The superstition of the Threshold.

5. Chinese Etiquettes. Jugglers at the Banquet.

CHAP.

XIV.

CONCERNING THE GREAT FEAST HELD BY THE GRAND

KAAN EVERY YEAR ON HIS BIRTHDAY

NOTES.-I. The Chinese Year. 2. "Beaten Gold." 3. Textual.

Festal changes of costume.

XV. OF THE GREAT FESTIVAL WHICH THE KAAN HOLDS ON

NEW YEAR'S DAY

NOTES.-I. The White Month.

..

2. Mystic value of the number 9.

3. Elephants at Peking. 4. Adoration of Tablets. Kow-tow.

XVI.-CONCERNING THE TWELVE THOUSAND BARONS WHO

RECEIVE ROBES OF CLOTH OF GOLD FROM THE

EMPEROR ON THE GREAT FESTIVALS, THIRTEEN

PAGE

373

376

NOTES.-1. Textual. 2. The words Camut and Borgal. 3. Tame

Lions.

XVII. HOW THE GREAT KAAN ENJOINETH HIS PEOPLE TO

SUPPLY HIM WITH GAME

383

NOTE.-Parallel Passage.

384

XVIII. OF THE LIONS AND LEOPARDS AND WOLVES THAT THE

KAAN KEEPS FOR THE CHASE

NOTES.-I. The Cheeta or Hunting Leopard. 2. Lynxes. 3. The

Tiger, termed Lion by Polo. 4. The Burgút Eagle (and see

App. L. 10).

XIX.-CONCERNING THE TWO BROTHERS WHO HAVE CHARGE

OF THE KAAN'S HOUNDS

NOTE.-The Masters of the Hounds, and their title.

XX. HOW THE EMPEROR GOES ON A HUNTING EXPEDI-

TION

386

NOTES.-1. Direction of the Tour. 2. Hawking Establishments. 3.

The word Toskáúl. 4. The word Bularguchi. 5. Kublar s

Litter. 6. Kachar Modun. 7. The Kaan's Great Tents. 8.

The Sable and Ermine. 9. Pétis de la Croix.

XXI. HOW THE GREAT KAAN, ON RETURNING

FROM HIS

XXII.-CONCERNING THE CITY OF CAMBALUC, AND ITS GREAT

TRAFFIC AND POPULATION

NOTES.-I. Suburbs of Peking. 2. The word Fondaco.

..

XXIII. [CONCERNING THE OPPRESSIONS OF ACHMATH THE BAILO,

AND THE PLOT THAT WAS FORMED AGAINST HIM]

NOTES.-I. Chapter peculiar to Ramusio. 2. Kublai's Administra-

tion. The Rise of Ahmad. 3. The term Bailo. 4. The Con-

spiracy against Ahmad as related by Gaubil from the Chinese.

5. Marco's presence and upright conduct commemorated in the

Chinese Annals. The Kaan's prejudice against Mahomedans.

396

398

401

СНАР.

XXIV. HOW THE GREAT KAAN CAUSETH THE BARK of Trees,

MADE INTO SOMETHING LIKE PAPER, TO PASS FOR

MONEY OVER ALL HIS COUNTRY

PAGE

409

NOTE.-Chinese Paper Currency.

XXV.-CONCERNING THE TWELVE BARONS WHO ARE SET OVER

ALL THE AFFAIRS OF THE GREAT KAAN

NOTE.-The Ministers of the Mongol Dynasty. The term Sing.

XXVI.-HOW THE KAAN'S POSTS AND RUNNERS ARE SPED

THROUGH MANY LANDS AND PROVINCES

NOTES.-1. Textual. 2. The word Yam. 3. Government Hostelries.
4. Digression from Ramusio. 5. Posts Extraordinary. 6.
Discipline of the Posts. 7. Antiquity of Posts in China, &c.

XXVII.-HOW THE EMPEROR BESTOWS HELP ON HIS PEOPLE,

WHEN THEY ARE AFFLICTED WITH DEARTH OR

MURRAIN

....

NOTE.-Kublai's remissions, and justice.

417

419

..

425

XXVIII-HOW THE GREAT KAAN CAUSES TREES TO BE PLANTED

BY THE HIGHWAYS

NOTE.-Kublai's Avenues.

XXIX. CONCERNING THE RICE-WINE DRUNK BY THE PEOPLE

OF CATHAY ..

426

427

NOTE.-Rice-wine.

XXX.-CONCERNING THE BLACK STONES THAT ARE DUG IN

CATHAY, AND ARE BURNT FOR FUEL ..

NOTE.-Distribution and Consumption of Coal in China.

XXXI.-HOW THE GREAT KAAN CAUSES STORES OF CORN TO

BE MADE, TO HELP HIS PEOPLE WITHAL IN TIME

OF DEARTH..

NOTE. The Chinese Public Granaries.

XXXII.-OF THE CHARITY OF THE EMPEROR TO THE POOR

NOTE.-Buddhist influence, and Chinese charities.

XXXIII. [CONCERNING THE ASTROLOGERS IN THE CITY OF

CAMBALUC]..

NOTES.-1. The word Tacuin. The Chinese Almanacs. The Obser-

vatory (and see App. L. 11). 2. The Chinese and Mongol

Cycle.

XXXIV. [CONCERNING THE RELIGION OF THE CATHAYANS;

THEIR VIEWS AS ΤΟ THE SOUL; AND THEIR

CUSTOMS]

NOTES.-I. Textual.

2. Do. 3. Exceptions to the general charge

of Irreligion brought against the Chinese. 4. Politeness. 5.

Filial Piety.

VOL. I.

d

EXPLANATORY LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

TO VOLUME I.

INSERTED PLATES AND MAPS.*

To face Title.. DOORWAY of the HOUSE of MARCO POLO in the Corte Sabbionera at Venice (see p. 27). Woodcut from a drawing by Signor L. Rosso, Venice.

Illuminated Title, by Mr. G. Frauenfelder, with Medallion representing the POLOS ARRIVING AT VENICE after 26 years absence, and being refused admittance to the Family Mansion; as related by Ramusio, p. 4 of Introductory Essay. Drawn by Signor QUINTO CENNI, No. 7 Via Solferino, Milan; from a Design by the Editor.

72. Reduced FACSIMILE of the WILL of MARCO POLO, preserved in
St. Mark's Library. On half the scale of the original. Photo-
lithography, by MR. W. GRIGG, from a negative taken under
the superintendence of Cavaliere G. Berchet.

76. Portrait bearing the inscription "MARCUS POLVS VENETVS
TOTIVS ORBIS ET INDIE PEREGRATOR PRIMVS" in the
Gallery of Monsignor Badia at Rome; copied by Sign.
GIUSEPPE GNOLI, Rome.

107. Probable view of MARCO POLO'S OWN GEOGRAPHY: a Map
of the World, formed as far as possible from the Traveller's
own data. Drawn by the Editor.

1. Marco Polo's Itineraries, No. I. WESTERN ASIA. This includes also "Sketch showing the chief Monarchies of Asia, in the latter part of the 13th century."

Map illustrating the geographical position of the CITY of SARAI. 6. Plan of part of the remains of the same city. Reduced from a Russian plan published by M. Grigorieff.

30. Reduced FACSIMILE of part of the BUDDHIST INSCRIPTION of the Mongol Era, on the Archway at KEU-YUNG-KWAN in the Pass of Nankau, north-west of Peking, showing four of the characters in use under the Mongol Dynasty. Photolithograph from original impressions taken by, and in the possession of, Mr. A. Wylie. See an Article by Mr. Wylie in the J. R. A. S. for 1870, p. 14.

Plan of AYAS, the Laias of Polo. From an Admiralty Chart. 44. Plan of position of DILAWAR, the supposed site of the Dilavar of Polo. Ext. from a Survey by Lt.-Col. D. G. Robinson, R.E. 118. Marco Polo's Itineraries, No. II. Routes between KERMAN and HORMUZ. The principal data of this Map have been revised and corrected by Major O. St. John, R.E..

* The Maps of "Marco Polo's Itineraries," except No. II., are lithographed by Mr. Weller. All other lithographs (except the Photolithographs) are by Mr. G. Frauenfelder, Palermo. All the original woodcuts, not otherwise specified, are by Mr. J. Cooper.