to do an artificial water-jump well. It will give him a fair notion of doing the natural one, but it will not give him the pluck and the heart to do it. These can only be developed for they must be innate-by the pluck and heart, joined to the good workmanship of the rider. In fact, I consider the man who can ride a young one fair and straight right into his bridle over a big waterjump, a finished artist in the saddle. It is the more difficult, because cleverness alone will not enable a horse to do it. If there is anything like 15 or 16 feet of water, he must go at a great pace; the faster the pace, the easier it is for him to refuse; and, as a man cannot have a hunting field all to himself, there is always risk of some plucky man's horse refusing in sight of the young one, which is a sore temptation to the juvenile to do the same thing.

When you come to the natural water-jump, then, the yawning brook, I confess all precept as to certainty ends. You are then far beyond the reach of the cavesson and lungeing rein. There is but one way. Be sure you do not attempt big water-jumps until your horse has seen a fair amount of other fencing. When you do attempt it, I know no better advice than that given to me some thirty years ago by a celebrated Leicestershire rough-rider, now defunct. "Dick," I said, "which is the way to get a horse over 16 feet of water?" "The first thing," replied the veteran, "is to make sure that your own heart is in the right place; then take fast hold of your horse by the head, and freshen his way until he is going about 20 miles an hour; fix your eye on a spot to take off from, and keep your horse's head straight to it; give him plenty of scope of rein to jump a long way, but ride him up to every mile of it; and he don't take hold of you, hit him with the spur. Most likely, if his heart is as good as your own, you will both get over safe."

There were so many ifs in this advice that I did not quite see my way, so I asked again. "But if this don't answer, Dickand I suppose it won't with every horse

how am I to get over then?" Dick took his pipe out of his mouth, blew a huge cloud, and regarding me shrewdly, said, "Then you must get somebody to take you over in a boat." He was right; there is no such thing as making sure of jumping a lot of water in safety. But, if you cannot command success, you may deserve it, but riding with pluck and determination, and "throwing your heart over the other side."

Such education, however, as I have above alluded to in the jumping way, will assist you materially in nearly every case, except, indeed, the last mentioned; and when the crops are off the ground your pupil should be in form to be taken with hounds.

When cub hunting commences, select the points at first a good way from home. If your horse is at all excitable, the trot will steady him, and he should have sufficient heart by this time to stand a long, slow day. Do not put him at every big place you come across, but nurse him for better things. If at the covert side he is frothy and fretful, as some will be, keep him moving, and give him something else to do. Carefully watch his condition; for, if you overdo the as yet tender sinews and ligaments, or the delicate internal organs of your young one, you may create mischief which will be irreparable.

When regular hunting commences, start early to your meet, keep out of crowds, and take as little as possible out of your horse in his first season. One good thing in a day ought to be quite enough for any four-yearold, and a three-year-old ought never to have a hair turned on him if you hope to see him grow into shape or money two years afterwards. Unfortunately, one sees too many young ones ridden with hounds and perserved with when it is all out of them; and there is no wonder that so many consequently find their way to the block, knocked out of time by all sorts of premature infirmities in their fifth or sixth year, and sold for a song. Of course it is a bad wind that blows nobody good; the hard riders of young ones help to keep the London cab masters in well-bred screws.

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TH

HE energy and skill shewn in inventing and in making improvements in machines of every description, for reducing hand labour in every department of industry, more especially in agriculture, has been something marvellous. Day after day numbers of patents have passed the Great Seal, proposing some new thing, or improvement upon old. In many cases, these have turned out failures after practical test. Other patentees have succumbed from want of funds to carry out fully the invention, probably when just on the eve of their succeeding in perfecting it; while a third class, managed, having funds and thoroughly practical mechanical knowledge, to produce a machine valuable to the farmer and profitable to themselves. As a rule, inventors are always sanguine of the great value and ultimate success of their own creations; and with this we can scarcely find fault, as they are almost always

the children of years of brain and manual work.

While wandering at "our own sweet will," after the heavier part of our duties had been finished in the implement yard of the Royal at Wolverhampton, we stumbled on a working model of one of these labour-saving machines, in the shape of a new patent selfacting corn-screen, on the stand of Mr Robert Boby, of Bury St Edmunds, of which we thought a great deal. We have now the pleasure of giving an illustration, from which it will be at once gathered that the machine is not only ingenious but simple in its arrangements. It may be briefly desscribed, with the help of the engraving, as consisting of an overshot wheel, placed in such a position that the grain, in passing from the hopper to the screen, causes it to revolve; and by means of this wheel, motion is given to the cleaning rollers between the wires of

H

ITHERTO a great drawback to the application of steam-power in connexion with the minor operations of the farm, has been the want of small engines at a moderate cost. Except on large farms, the expense of cost, and tear and wear of the ordinary sized engine, which must be of sufficient power for ploughing and thrashing purposes, is too great to have in daily use for crushing corn, cutting and pulping turnips, or chaffing straw. To reduce this expense to a minimum therefore, engines requiring less fuel have been much needed. This has been

attempted by many makers; but we think that the one (of which we give an engraving) exhibited by the Reading Iron Works Company (Limited) at the Show of the Royal at Wolverhampton, comes nearest to what is wanted.

These engines require no masonry, and are provided with governor, feed pump, &c., also a turned fly-wheel, with room on the crank shaft for a driving pulley, should the fly-wheel be too large. While these engines are offered at an exceedingly low price, they are made from the best materials, and manufactured