from Yoodhist' hirŭ to Kshémŭkŭ, reigned on the throne of Delhi 1,812 years. These (of the race of the moon) were of the genuine kshutriyŭ cast. To them succeeded fourteen generations of kings proceeding from a kshŭtriyŭ father (Muhanŭndŭ) and a female shōōdrů, who reigned 500 years, viz. from Visharŭdů to Bodhumullů. This mixture of casts gave rise to the rujupoots. After this, fifteen generations of the family of Goutumŭ held the throne 400 years. Then nine kings, of the Mŭyōōrů family, reigned 318 years, from Dhoorŭndhŭrů to Rajŭpalů. Next a king from the mountains reigned fourteen years, with whom 3,044 years of the kulee yoogŭ,° and the kingdom of the celebrated Yoodhist❜hiru, passed away. The kingdom of Vikrŭmadityŭ next commenced, who, with his son, reigned 93 years. From Sumcodru-palŭ to Vikrumŭ-palu, sixteen kings, yogees, reigned 641 years and three months. From Tiluku-chundrů to Prémůdévee, the wife of Govindu-chundru, ten persons reigned 140 years four months. From Hŭree-prémů to Muhaprémů, four persons, voiragees, reigned forty-five years seven months. From Dhee-sénů to Damodŭrů-séņu, thirteen persons of the voidyŭ cast, from the east of Bengal, reigned 137 years and one month. From Dweepusinghŭ to Jēēvŭnu-singhŭ, six kings (Chohanů růjŭpoots) reigned 151 years. Prit❜hoc-rayŭ reigned fourteen years seven months. The kingdom of Vikrŭmadityŭ thus continued 1,223 years, at the close of which period 4,267 years of the kulee yoogů had expired. Here (about the year A. D. 1162) closed the Hindoo monarchy.

• According to the chronology of Sir Matthew Hale, 3,107 years transpired from the flood to the Christian era; the Hindoos compute 3,105 years, from the commencement of the kulee yoogů to the same era; and from Fohi to the time of Christ, the Chinese chronology contains 2,951 years.

To this succeeded that of the Musulmans, which continued 652 years, through the reigns of fifty-one badshahs, including the late Shah-alům. The first monarch, or badshah, Shŭhab-ooddeen, was of the Goree dynasty, of which race twelve monarchs reigned 118 years, two months, twenty-seven days. The next dynasty was of the family of Khéjŭr-khah: four persons of this family reigned thirty-four years, eleven months, viz. from Julal-ooddeen to Kotub-ooddeen. The next monarchs were Turks, nine of whom reigned ninety-seven years, three months, nineteen days, from Khésro-khah to Muhumōōd-shah. After this four oomras reigned thirty-nine years, seven months, sixteen days, viz. from Khéjürkhah to Ala-ooddeen. Three kings of the Pat'han tribe followed these, and reigned seventy-two years, one month, seven days, viz. from Bühlōōl to Ebrahēēm. Next the family of Toimoor reigned: Babŭr-shah and his son reigned fifteen years, five months. After this the Pat'hans again obtained the ascendency, and four kings of this tribe reigned sixteen years, and three months, viz. from Shér-shah to Mühümōōd-adeel. Then from Hoomayoo to the close of the reign of Shah-alŭm, including fourteen badshahs, the race of Toimoor reigned 258 years.

The work compiled by Mrityoonjŭyŭ, a bramhŭn, and published in the year 1808, and from which the above history, beginning from the kulee yoogŭ, has been principally drawn, describes the effects of the Musulman power, when it became predominant, on the different Hindoo kingdoms in Hindoost'han; most of which were sub

P This work says, that Shŭbab-ooddeen, before the taking of Delhi, had invaded Hindoost'han seven times, in which he was, in several instances, defeated by different Hindoo kings, Jŭyŭpalŭ more than once proved him-self superior to the Musulmans, but was at length taken prisoner by Mühũ

dued by it. As these events, however, have been published, and are generally well known; and as they succeeded the extinction of that monarchy which had been long considered as the head of the Hindoo power, the author has thought it best to close the history here. For Remarks on this history, the reader is referred to the preface to this volume. The author here contents himself with giving literally what the Hindoos themselves have supplied, leaving them to answer for every degree of extravagance this history may contain.

SECT. VI.-Rise of the British Power in India.

HAVING Conducted my reader thus far in the Hindoo history of this country, it remains only for me to add, from another modern Hindoo historian, an account of the

mood and slain, as was also Vijŭyŭpalŭ, another Hindoo king. Muhůmood invaded Hindoost'han twelve times. The eleventh time he took Somŭnat'hŭ, and destroyed the celebrated image found in the temple there, part of which he took with him to form the steps for a mosque in his capital. On his return home, he was attacked by Prémŭ-dévů, and defeated. After 'this he invaded the country of Prémŭ-dévů, but was obliged to fly from the field of battle. The grandson of Muhůmood twice invaded Hindoost'han. Sums-ooddeen conquered several parts of Hindoost'han, and broke down a temple of Muha-kalŭ, and many images that had been erected in the time of Vikrŭmadityŭ, which he threw under a mosque at Delhi. Ala-ooddeen beat Kurnu-rayŭ, the king of Guzurat. Saieed-khejur-khah is said to have plundered many Hindoo kingdoms. Sikundŭr overcame six kings, and took Patna and Behar. After the Musulmans had reigned at Delhi 362 years, there were still, however, several powerful Hindoo kings in Hindoost'han, one of whom reigned at Vijŭyŭ-poorŭ and another at Oodŭyupoorů. Ourǎngzeb destroyed all the Hindoo images as far as his power extended. In the reign of Alumgeer, a dreadful war broke out between the Hindoos and Musulmans, in which 3,000,000 of men are said to have lost their lives. This history also relates, that Juyů-singhŭ spent 36,000,000 of roopees at the sacrifice of a horse.

rise of the English power in the East. The author, Rajeevŭ-lochŭnů, a descendant of raja Krishnŭ-chŭndrurayu, must be wholly accountable for the truth of these facts.

During the reign of Akbŭr, nine nŭwabs, sent from Delhi, presided over Bengal. Munam-khah, who fixed his residence at Dhaka, then called Jahagēēr, was the first. Jahageer-shah sent eight nŭwabs; Shah-jahan, four; Ourǎngzeb, six; Bahadoor-shah, one, whose name was Moorshéd-koolee-khah: this person continued in office till the seventh year of Muhumōōd-shah, when he died he removed the residence of the nuwab from Jahagēēr to Moorshédabad, which he founded; he broke down all the gods by the sides of the Ganges, and destroyed the cast of many of the Hindoos by force. After his death, Shoojaooddoula was appointed nŭwab, who treated the Hindoos with more lenity; and after him Sŭrphŭraz-khah, who was killed by Muhabŭd-jung. The latter obtained the nŭwabship, and governed sixteen years.a

Séraj-ooddoulah succeeded Muhabŭd-jŭng, his grandfather, in the government of Bengal. Even while quite young, his conduct was so tyrannical, that his grandfather's principal ministers were obliged to complain against him; but after his obtaining supreme power, he was guilty of still greater atrocities: whenever he saw or heard of a beautiful woman, he seized and devoted her to

When Raja Rajŭ-vüllübhŭ was this nuwab's head-servant, he invited all the pundits of Bengal to a feast, and gave them very large presents, to some one thousand, to others two, four, six, and to a few as many as 10,000 roopees. In return for these presents, the bramhuns invested Raja Rajuvullŭbhŭ, and a number of other voidyus, with the poita; from which time the voidyus have worn this badge of distinction.

his criminal passions. Sometimes, as a boat was passing by his palace, filled with people, he would sink it, to enjoy the sport of seeing them drown! He one day ripped open the belly of a living woman in a state of pregnancy, to see the situation of the child in the womb.

On account of these and other enormities, the whole country was filled with terror. The rajas of Năvă dwēēpŭ (Nŭdēēya,) Dinajŭ-poorů, Vishnoo-poorů, Médǎnée-poorů, of Veeru-bhōōmee, &c. united in a repre sentation to the prime minister on the subject, but the nuwab rejected the advice of his ministers, and even threatened to punish them. The principal ministers, joined by raja Krishnů-chundrŭ-rayŭ, then on a visit at Moorshédabad, seeing all representations vain, and unable to bear his conduct any longer, held a secret meeting to consult on what could be done. After much consultation, with little prospect of uniting in any thing that would be effectual, raja Krishnŭ-chŭndrŭ-rayŭ said, that he was acquainted with the English chief at Calcutta, and he thought there was no other alternative but that of in" viting the English to take the government into their hands. He related a number of circumstances favourable to the English character, and obviated an objection of one of the company, that they would not be able to understand the language of the English. They at last agreed, that the next time Krishnŭ-chundru-rayŭ went to worship at Kalēē-ghatu,' he should call upon the English chief, and propose the plan to him.

• Through excessive complaisance, the Hindoos often call a large landowner, raja, viz. king.

A place about five miles from Calcutta, where a celebrated stone image of Kalee is worshipped