er betrays him in his absence and steals the heart of his all-but affianced wife. The polished traitor improves his opportunities and multiplies his deceits, until Mistress Judith in an evil hour pledges herself to him. Amos, desolate and stricken in spirit, emigrates to Australia. Then the dishonorable deeds of Jesse come back upon him, his sins find him out. He deserts Mistress Judith. She sickens slowly and dies, calling upon the absent Jesse. He, with a last touch of compunction, is keeping away to give the betrayed and exiled Amos an opportunity to retrieve his happiness. But the tragedy can not be averted. The girl is dead, and the life of one and the life-happiness of two are destroyed. Into this simple web are dyed and woven many delicious touches of color and character. Sunshine and shadow and tender glances of idyllic life succeed each other in subtle harmony. A sub-humorous vein intensifies the pleasure that readers must take in this delightful novel of real suggestive life. This little book, purporting to be a manual of "suggestions upon the art of making, saving, and using money," ought to be "a success," even though it "makes no literary pretensions whatever," for it treats of a subject of very considerable interest to most adult persons. The gist of its advice is, find what paying thing you can do best; do it with all your might. If you get a shilling for doing it, spend only eleven - pence; and see you don't speculate rashly with the aved penny, nor put it in a bad bank. astly, when you have enough pennies for he reasonable future wants of your life stow1 safely away, take existence easily and be ppy. All this is quite easy if one has a lent for doing it and knows how. The ok will tell you how; as to imparting or developing the talent, that is another affair. We are reminded of a certain book on the theory and practice of swimming, and how easy a thing it seemed, after "cramming" its pages, to glide gracefully through the glassy water or float lazily upon its surface. We tried it, following our instructions exactly, even to leaping boldly into the water; but the glassy fluid didn't work as it should have done, and only for a friend, who was born a swimmer, though he had never seen a book on the subject in his life, we should have died a wet death. Still we think our book helped us after we could swim tolerably well to swim better, and we think Mr. Eggleston's work should help persons who know how to save a little to save more. It is full of wise business suggestions, on the variableness of incomes, on buying for cash and by wholesale, on keeping up false ap. pearances, on keeping money at work, on bubble investments, on the question of marrying, of renting or buying a house, and of insuring one's life. No one will be the worse for reading it; almost everyone will find some old financial truth made new and brought home to him in a useful and timely manner-will find some simple way that had not before occurred to him of stopping one or more of the small monetary leaks that sometimes sink great financial ships. CHRIST IN ART. The Story of the Words and Acts of Jesus Christ, as related in the Language of the Four Evangelists, arranged in one continuous Narrative. By Edward Eggleston, D. D. New York: J. B. Ford & Co. Doctor Eggleston truly remarks in the preface: "Great pains have been taken in the construction of this work, to give the narrative the roundness, unity, and fluency that are so essential to the interest and picturesqueness of the story, and to a conception of the life of the Lord Jesus in its oneness and consecutiveness. Without doubt the best way to study Christ is to read each of the gospels in its unity. Supplementary to this the scholar is able to construct for himself, by a laborious study of learned works and a diligent comparison of the several gospels, a conception of the life of Christ as a whole. It is to assist the general reader in forming such a conception that the present consolidation is made." This condensation of the story of Christ has been most carefully performed, and the volume is put in such an attractive form that the reader is rapidly carried through its instructive pages, which abound in "full-page plates on steel and wood, executed by Brend'amour of Dusseldorf, after the famous designs of Alexander Bida, together with numerous expository engravings in the text by American artists." The thoroughness of Doctor Eggleston's Biblical research is attested by the favorable opinion of our most learned divines, who have pronounced it the best work of the kind ex tant. NAVIGATION IN THEORY AND PRACTICE. This little work, belonging to "Putnam's Advanced Science Series," and written by a professor of the English "Science and Art College," Plymouth, is clear and concise in expression, while varied and abundant in illustrations and examples to be worked out by the pupil. In the practical and theoretical navigation of both iron and wooden ships, moving by sail or steam, it is full and abreast with the latest methods. Several captains with whom judicial proceedings have lately made us familiar might with advantage study the chapter devoted to "the compass and its variation;" and, indeed, to persons living on shore, with a taste for and some knowledge of geography and mathemat ics, the book will prove interesting and instructive. A PRACTICAL THEORY OF Voussoir Arch- SKEW ARCHES. Advantages and Disadvan These are two cheap and useful little handbooks on the planning and construction of arches, and may well be used as introductions to or condensations of the more complete works on the same subject. We are of opinion, however, that every practical engineer should have the substance of these works condensed in his notes or in his mind from the original sources. There are quite too many imperfectly educated persons writ ing C. E. after their names, who depend for their voluble and superficial knowledge on little text-books such as these. Like translations from the classics of foreign languages, they are, however, if good of their kind, good in their place for students and general readers. BOOKS OF THE MONTH. From A. Roman & Co., San Francisco: QUEEN MARY. A Drama. By Alfred Tennyson. Boston: J. R. Osgood & Co. MANFRED; OR, THE BATTLE OF BENEVENTO. By F. D. Guerrazzi. New York: G. W. Miscellaneous: SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. BIBLE ANIMALS. Illustrated. By Rev. J. G. Wood. Philadelphia: Bradley, Garretson & Co. STARTLING FACTS IN MODERN SPIRITUALISM. By N. B. Wolfe, M.D. Chicago: ReligioPhilosophical Publishing House. THE SKULL AND BRAIN: Their indications of Character and Anatomical Relations. By Nicholas Morgan. London: Longmans, Green & Co. THE JAPANESE EXPEDITION OF FORMOSA. By Edward H. House. Tokio: 1875. SONGS OF THE YEAR, AND OTHER POEMS. By "Charlton." Cincinnati: R. Clarke & Co. NEW MUSIC RECEIVED. From Matthias Gray, San Francisco: KEEPING WATCH. Song. Words by E. E. Rexford. Composed by Felix Marti. FOOTSTEPS ON THE STAIR. Ballad. Words by E. E. Rexford. Music by Felix Marti. BONANZA WALTZ. Composed by Miss Mary J. Shawhan, aged nine years. GIVE ME KISSES. Ballad. Words by W. J. Wetmore. Composed by Felix Marti. THE OVERLAND MONTHLY DEVOTED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY. VOL. 15.-OCTOBER, 1875.- No. 4. BY ANTIQUITIES OF THE PACIFIC STATES. tions point to contests between disciplined armies; extensive public works represent the labor of enslaved multitudes, and perpetuate the memory of the lowly builders no less than that of the proud masters at whose command they toiled; elaborate sculptured decorations were executed without the aid of iron, by processes the results of which bear witness to native patience and skill; temples, idols, and altars speak of gods and priests, of faith, worship, and sacrifice; golden ornaments tell of wealth and luxury. Ruins are numerous and grand, corroborating in a great degree the enthusiastic statements of the conquerors respecting the wonders of a New World. Y no means the least fascinating among studies connected with the aborigines of this western land, is that of the material relics they have left as memorials. Throughout the land they are strewn, monuments of a departed civilization or of a hardly less interesting savagism. Our own State furnishes material records of savagism only; from them may be expected no startling historic revelations of nations once mighty, now fallen and disappeared; yet their value from a scientific point of view, as illustrative of the manners and customs of the beings that occupied this land before us, is shown by the efforts for their collection now being made by the Smithsonian Institution. In the regions farther south-more favored in the primitive epochs, if less so in modern times -where an indigenous American civilization was born and developed, rude mortars, pottery, and arrow-heads are not the only relics. Spacious palaces refer us back to kings and strong centralized governments; massive fortificaEntered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1875, by JOHN H. CARMANY, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. VOL. 15.-20. To obtain a satisfactory idea of monuments in most parts of the country has hitherto been a task well-nigh impossible to the general reader, or to the student unable to devote his whole attention to this branch of investigation. Few explorers, who have, like Stephens, devoted their chief attention to antiqui ties, have like him published in a popu- ges, a complete and accurate account of lar form the results of their labors. The best works on the finest ruins are, like those of Dupaix, Waldeck, and Catherwood, inaccessible to the reading public. The bulk of information, especially on minor remains, must be gleaned from the writings of hundreds of travelers, who have described incidentally, together with other objects of interest, such antiquities as may have come to their notice. No objects have more universally arrested the attention of travelers than the works of ancient peoples; few have been unaffected by the charm that surrounds these memorials of olden times; but too often the musings and conjectures inspired by them have proved more attractive to the beholder than the hard work involved in a careful examination of details. The average traveler devotes a page or two to the description of a ruin, quotes from some author to whose works he happens to have access four or five pages on the ruins in a distant part of the country, and devotes the rest of a chapter to theorizing on aboriginal history, a subject respecting which he is generally incompetent to instruct his readers. It is not, however, so much of the universal tendency to build theories on insufficient grounds that the student has reason to complain, as of the brief and superficial descriptions of monuments which the visitor might with so little labor fully describe. Hence the necessity alluded to for long-continued labor in comparing authorities on the monuments of each locality; and hence the insufficient foundation of many a brilliant theory. Mr. Hubert H. Bancroft, by devoting the fourth volume of his great work on the Native Races to the subject of antiquities, has labored hard and most successfully to present for the first time to the general reader as well as the antiquarian student, in a volume of Soo pa every aboriginal monument in North America. Proceeding from the Isthmus of Panama northward, Mr. Bancroft takes up successively the aboriginal relics found in each state and each locality, adding to his descriptive text fine cuts-over 400 in number in the whole volume-intended for instructive illustration rather than mere pictorial embellishment. He also gives extensive and valuable notes on antiquarian exploration and bibliography, and occasionally turns slightly from his path to prick some archæological bubble, or to expose the blunders of a pretended explorer. To follow this author through the field of his investigation, so far as the limits of a magazine article will permit, by presenting some of the curious relics pictured in his pages, is my present purpose. quito Coast furnishes a fine granite vase and some small golden images. In Nicaragua ancient pottery is so abundant, that in certain localities it is dug up by the natives for household use. A terracotta head and a burial-vase will serve Terra-cotta Relics Nicaragua. as specimens. Gold is the only metal, and that occurs but rarely. Over Nicaraguan graves stand mounds or cairns of rough stones. Though the cairns are irregular in form and of slight elevation, they sometimes cover a large area; and some may possibly have served as foundations to wooden temples. From one of them comes a beautiful stone battle axe. Rude hieroglyphic figures are often found painted or carved on cliffs or bowlders; many were intended as records, but their meaning is lost. Though all traces of native holds the head of the stone divinity in its jaws. The specimen is one of the rudest so far as sculpture is concerned; it served as a head-stone on one of the graves. In Honduras, walls and regular pyramidal structures, for the most part of earth, but often faced with stone and divided into graded terraces, appear for the first time in our progress northward. About Comayagua are interesting groups; particularly that at Tenampua, covering a plateau a mile and a half long by half a mile wide, on the top of a sandstone bluff 1,600 feet high with nearly perpendicular sides. A sacred inclosure, having double walls and five pyramids, will convey an idea of the works in this stronghold. Copan is the most famous ruin in this state, and one of the most remarkable upon the continent. It is also one of the very few American cities abandoned and perhaps forgotten by the natives centuries before the arrival of the Spaniards. The temples have main structure is become oblite- a solid mass of Nicaraguan Axe. stone statues so called, are numerous. Twenty-five are pictured in Mr. Bancroft's work. Some are ten feet high and three or four feet in diameter; most assume the human form; many have also a crouching beast that by 800 feet at the base and 100 feet high, fronting by a perpendicular wall on the river.. On the summit platform are smaller amids and sunken courts. At least 26, Nicaraguan Idol. pyr |