Almanac first printed at Constantinople, 1806 | Aloe, American, introduced into Europe, 1561 Altar, a Roman, dug up in the vicinity of Carlisle, April, 1803 Altars first used, 135; consecrated, 271; the first in Britain, 634 Alum Works first established in England, by a Mr. Chaloner, in the reign of Charles I. Ambassador, the first sent 1556, by the Czar of Russia to England, and introduced to Queen Elizabeth, April 24, 1556 the first sent to Turkey from England, 1606 the Portuguese, arrested for debt, 1653 the Russian, arrested by a lace-merchant, when a law passed for their protection, 1709 the first that arrived in Europe from India was from Tippoo Saib to France, 1778 - the first from the Ottoman Emperor arrived in London, December, 1793 America.-Independence of, established July 4, 1776 acknowledged by Great Britain, Jan. 20, 1783 - first Post-office in, established at New York, 1710 United States of North, acknowledge the independence of those of South America, 1822 -the new States of South, acknowledged by Great Britain, who sends Consuls to them, 1823 American expedition of discovery to explore the Rocky Mountains; heard of after an absence of eleven years, 1832 Amnesty, law of, passed in France, January 12, 1816 Anabaptist meeting-house, first in England, established, 1680 Anathema first used by the church, 387 Animal magnetism made its appearance in France, 1788; was introduced into England, 1789; exploded, 1791 Annuities, or pensions, first granted, 1512, when 20%. was given to a lady of the court for services done - 6l. 13s. 4d. for the maintenance of a gentlewoman, 1536 13. 6s. 8d. a competent sum to support a gentleman in the study of the law, 1554 Anointing first used at the coronations in England, 872; in Scotland, 1097 Anson's, Adm. expedition to the South Seas, 1740 Anthems first used, 386 -introduced into the reformed church, in the reign of Elizabeth Antrobus Gibbs, Sheriff of Chester, tried and acquitted for refusing to execute criminals within his jurisdiction, February 13, 1835 Antwerp made a free port, 1784 Apothecaries first mentioned in history, 1345; exempted from juries, &c. 1702 Appeals first made to Rome from England, 1138; abolished, 1532 Aquitaine made a principality, 1362; annexed to France, 1730 Archdeacon, the first appointed in England, 1075 Arctic Expedition; first sailed under Ross and Parry, 1817, and returned Nov. 5, 1818 -second sailed under Parry, in the Hecla, May 10, 1819. Lieut. Beechy accompanied him in the Griper; they returned in November 1820 - third, under Lyon and Parry, sailed April 25, 1821, and Parry returned with the Hecla and Fury, October 29, 1823, and Lyon, November 11, 1824 -fourth sailed October 25, 1825 - fifth, under Ross, sailed May 23, 1829, returned October 19, 1833. Land Arctic Expedition, under Capt. Franklin, 1826; under Captain Back, 1833. Capt. Back sailed to explore the Wager River, June 28, 1836-See also North West Passage Armada, Spanish, defeated & dispersed, 1588 Armed Neutrality (Treaty of) between Rus sia, Denmark, Sweden and Prussia, to resist the principle of English maritime law, that neutral flags do not protect neutral bottoms, commenced 1780; ended December 16, 1800 Armorial bearings, introduced by the English nobles, in the reign of Richard I., and became hereditary in families, about the end of the twelfth century Arms of England and France were first quartered by Edward III. 1358 -the French arms discontinued by the English Kings, January 1, 1801 Army, the first standing one in modern times established in France in 1445, by Charles VII.; in England, by Oliver Cromwell; not clothed, whether feudatory or otherwise, at the public expence, till the eleventh year of Edward III.; no uniform in the English army till the latter end of the reign of Henry VI., the men for that purpose wearing badges, engraved with the arms of their officers, of a form and texture resembling the badges now worn by watermen; and occasionally scarfs, of a particular colour, were the only badges of uniform. In the reign of Henry VIII. white was the prevalent colour of the national uniform; under Elizabeth, dark green or russet distinguished the infantry, while scarlet cloaks were worn by the cavalry Array, the first commission of, for raising the militia, 1422 Arrival of the Pique frigate, with scarcely an inch of thickness remaining of her solid log bottom, occasioned by the injury sustained on the coast of Labrador, October 13, 1835 Arundelian tables, containing the chronology of ancient history, from 1582 to 355 before Christ; said to have been sculptured 264 before Christ - found in the Isle of Paros, about 1610 Ascension-day, first commemorated, 68 5 MEMORABLE EVENTS, AND CURIOUS FACTS. Assay-master first appointed at Sheffield and Assignats first ordered by the National As- Association formed by Mr. John Reeves, to Athanasian Creed, first composed, 340 Atkinson, Mr. Christopher, an expelled member of parliament, stood in the pillory for perjury, Oct. 25, 1785 Auction, the first in Britain, was about 1700, by Elisha Yale, a governor of Fort George, in the East Indies, of the goods he brought home with him Aurora Borealis, or Northern Lights, first appearance, Jan. 30, 1560.-See Aurora Borealis, title Remarkable Occurrences Austria granted toleration of sects, and abolished torture, 1776 Auto-da-fé, (the first) at Valladolid, May BACK, (Captain) left England in search of --and his associates arrived at Liverpool from their perilous Arctic Expedition, Sept. 8, 1835 -sailed on a New Voyage of Discovery, June 28, 1836 Baldwin, Samuel, being fearful lest his wife, who was a modern Xantippe, "should dance over his grave," as she had frequently threatened to do, directed, by will, his body to be thrown into the sea at Lymington, Hants, 1736 Baliol, King of Scotland, appeared to a summons, and pleaded his cause in Westminster-hall, Oct. 14, 1293 Ballast of the Thames monopolized by Charles I., 1636 Bank restriction bill, passed 1797; ceased after nine renewals, 1823 Banks first began in Italy, by Lombard Jews, 808; of whom, some settled in Lombard-street, which thus derives its name. The name Bank is derived from Banco, a bench, which was erected in the market for the exchange of money, &c. the bank of Venice established, 1157 of Genoa, 1345 - of Amsterdam, 1609 - of Rotterdam, 1635 - of England, 1694 - Old Scotch bank, 1695 - Royal ditto, 1727 nk of England was originally projected by a merchant of the name of Patterson, and established A.D. 1694. The following year t was incorporated by King William nd the parliament, in consideration of ,200,000l. lent to government, which was hen its capital. This capital has, how 6 Chan An Account of the Circulation, Deposits, Bullion, and Securities of the Bank of England on the undermentioned days. An Account of the quantity of Gold and Silver Bullion received at, and delivered from, the Bank of England during each of the Years 1834 and 1835. An Account of the aggregate Amount of Notes circulated in England and Wales by Private Banks, and by Joint-Stock Banks and their Branches; distinguishing Private from Joint-Stock Banks.-(From returns directed by 3 and 4 William IV. c. 83.) 1833 1136 25th June The amounts of country bankers' notes were at the following periods: 1825 1827 £1,239,755 1830 2,403,700 14,147,211 1833 1,751,685 Bank-notes issued by the Bank of England, and which have not been paid into the Bank up to the end of November, 1831, distinguishing the amount and description of each class were: 241,770 Banns, publication of, for marriage, instituted, 1210 Bantam, eight ambassadors of, arrived in England, 1682 Barbadoes, insurrection of the negroes at, in quelling of which 900 were killed or wounded, April 14, 1816 Barclay (Captain) concluded his walking bet, to walk 1,000 miles in 1,000 successive hours, July 10, 1809 Bards (Welsh), an assemblage of, took place on Primrose-hill, Sept. 22, 1792 Barons first summoned to parliament, 1205 first created in England, 1388 Baronets first instituted, 1611 of Nova Scotia, 1625 None issued since 1822. Barristers first appointed by Edward I., 1201 Bastile at Paris destroyed, July 14, 1789 Bartholomew fair restrained, owing to the falling of a booth, which killed and wounded several persons, 1750 None issued since 1822, 5 2,288,459 None issued until 1793. 2 & 1 301,340 None issued until 1797, or since 1826. **512 Bank-notes are 1lb. in weight Bank-post Bills, first issued in 1754 Bank Stock. See Bank Stock table, title Improvements and Inventions Bank Notes, origin of, occasioned by a run on the bank by the Jacobites, during the rebellion of 1745 Bank paper, edict issued by the Emperor of Austria, fixing its current value at one fifth of its nominal value, March 20, 1811 Bankrupts, at different periods, from the year 1700 to 1834, at the undermentioned periods: -toll abolished, 1755 Beards were worn by the Greeks till 349, by the Romans till 299 before Christ; were not fashionable in England after the conquest till the 13th century; discontinued at the restoration Beer first introduced into England, 1492 -in Scotland, as early as 1482. By the statute of James I. one full quart of the best beer or ale was to be sold for one penny, and two quarts of small beer for one penny Beheading of noblemen first introduced into Bell of the church of Notre Dame, baptized England, 1074 and received the names of the duke and duchess of Angouleme, the prince de Foix and duchess de Damas being proxies, Nov. 15, 1816 Bellmen first appointed in London, 1556 Belgium declared independent, Oct. 1, 1830 Beneficence, (Society of) established in Holland for the amelioration of the condition of the poor, 1818 Benefices. According to the Diocesan returns for the year 1831, the number of benefices in England and Wales was 10,560. Berkeley, Judge, arrested on his seat in the Court of King's Bench, and sent to prison for giving his opinion in favour of shipmoney, Feb. 10, 1640 Berlin Decree, issued by Buonaparte, declaring the British territories in a state of blockade, and interdicting the whole world from having any communication with them, Nov. 21, 1806 Revoked as to America, April 28, 1812 Bible first translated into the Saxon language, 939 into the English language, by Tyndale and Coverdale, 1534 by the King's Authority, 1536 forbidden in 1538, by Henry VIII., to be Billinsgate made a free fishmarket, 1699 Bills of exchange first mentioned, 1160 used in England, 1307 -the only mode of sending money from England by law, 1381 Bills of mortality for London began, 1533 Christenings. Burials. 1710-1800 16,615 23,528 In 1834, the burials were 21,679. The twin-births are one to sixty-five; and the male births to the female, 96 to 95. The illegitimate births were, in 1830, 20,039 in England and Wales, being one nineteenth of the births Originally the bills of mortality comprehended 109 parishes; but in 1660 they were extended to 146; and that number is now divided into 97 parishes within the walls, 17 without the walls, 29 out-parishes in Middlesex and Surrey, and 10 parishes in the city and liberties of Westminster. The great extension which London has received since the institution of the method of ascertaining the births and deaths, the duration of life, and the apparent causes of its termination, have, however, rendered the bills of mortality very imperfect; at best they can be considered only as approximations to the truth. For instance, the large parishes of Saint Marylebone and Saint Pancras are not comprised in them; neither are the accounts of the births and deaths among the dissenters. The classification of the diseases which occasion the deaths is also very incorrect, being founded entirely on the returns of the sworn searchers, who are a set of ignorant women Bilston, Staffordshire, waggon from, with coals, drawn by distressed colliers, was stopped on Maidenhead thicket by the magistrates, and a compensation made to the persons drawing it for the coals, July 6, 1816. Another waggon, similarly loaded and drawn, was stopped at St. Alban's Birmingham rioters destroyed several houses and meetings, July 14, 1791, on account of some persons commemorating the French Revolution there Birmingham Musical Festival, at which 13,400l. were collected, and the proceeds applied to the use of the Birmingham Hospital, Oct. 7, 1834 Birth of children taxed, 1695 Bishops, the first that suffered death in England by sentence of the civil power, 1405 -banished England, 1208 consented to be tributary to Rome, 1245 seven sent to the Tower, June 9, 1688 Bishop of Nova Scotia first appointed, Aug. 11, 1787 Bishopric of Ripon first appointed, 1836. The new bishoprics which the King is autho rized, by order in council, to institute, will be those of Westminster, Windsor, Manchester, Middleham, Brecon, Wolverhampton, and Heytesbury Bissextile, or Leap Year, which had been observed every third year, changed to every fourth, 4 A.D. Blackwell-hall first appointed for a repository for woollen cloth, 1515 Blandford assizes fatal to the judge, sheriff, &c. who died of the jail distemper, 1730 Bligh, Captain, and nineteen of his men, having been compelled by the mutinous crew of the Bounty, to go into an open boat near Annamooka, one of the Friendly Isles, arrive at the Island of Timor, after a perilous vovage of 1,200 leagues, 1789 Board wages first commenced with the king's servants, in 1029 Bohemia, queen of, visited England, May 17, 1761, and died there, Feb. 1662 Bonar, Mr. and Mrs. of Chislehurst, Kent, murdered, by Philip Nicholson, their servant, May 31, 1813 Bones and teeth of the elephant and rhino. ceros found in pits of brick earth at the village of Fisherton Anger, near Salisbury; the fossil remains of the hyæna, in the quarries of Boughton, three miles south of Maidstone, 1827; and the bones of a rhino.. |