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1671.

Upon the 2d of January, Admiral Henry Morgan arrived with the whole fleet, off the river Chagre - four of whom were wrecked in the river, as was his own vessel, in which he led them: the crews were saved. From hence, on the 9th, 1400 men, in seven vessels, with thirty-six boats and canoes, set off up the river, on their way to the attack of Panama - leaving 300 men, under the command of Captain Richard Norman, to guard the castle and ships. His further proceedings in this memorable and successful expedition, do not belong to this work.

Upon the 26th of February, they returned to Chagre, where the plunder was divided: it amounted to about 30,000 sterling. Upon the 6th of March, after having destroyed the castle, they sailed for Jamaica.

Most of his followers murmured at the distribution he made of the plunder, which amounted to only 200 pieces of eight per man. But there was another reason why some of them disliked him. Before their return to Chagre, Morgan took an opportunity of mustering all his forces, and making each man swear, that he had not concealed any part of the plunder. Knowing that this would not have the desired effect upon all of them, he insisted upon every company appointing one man, to search all the rest as an example, suffering himself to be searched first: many of the French objected to this, but they were outnumbered, and forced to submit. These men afterwards accused Morgan of keeping the best jewels for himself; and his secretly setting sail with four other vessels, and leaving them to their fate, gave some probability to the accusation. Morgan returned to Jamaica.

On the 1st of December, Sir Thomas Lynch, the governor of Jamaica, issued writs for calling an assembly, to consist of two persons for each parish. They passed a body of laws, which were transmitted to England, but were not confirmed.

Sir Thomas Lynch, the governor of Jamaica, gave King Charles the Second the following reasons for his encouraging. the logwood cutters :

1. That the English had then used this right for divers years. 2. That the logwood was cut in desolate and uninhabited places.

3. That it was a right confirmed by treaty with the Spaniards.

Gent. Mag., August, 1740, p. 386.
Edwards, vol. iii. p. 295.

Esquemeling's Hist. Buccaneers, chap. xx.
Harris's Voyages, vol. ii. p. 268,

4. That thereby we excluded the French and Dutch from that trade.

5. That the Spaniards had not then made any complaint of it. 6. That this employment made the reducing our privateers, who used to commit hostilities against the Spaniards, more easy.

Lastly, That this trade employed 100 sail of ships annually, and increased his Majesty's customs, and the trade of the nation, more than any of his American colonies.

M. de Gabaret, with his squadron, arrived at Tortuga the 7th of February. D'Ogeron, thus assisted, made all the inhabitants take the oath of allegiance, and went with the commodore to the Cul de Sac: they anchored in Leogane Roads the 14th, and summoned the rebels to lay down their arms, who refused, saying they were loyal subjects to their King, but would not be dependants upon the Company, or have M. d'Ogeron as governor.

M. de Gabaret landed, and was received by about 600 men under arms, with whom he succeeded no better than his messenger, and the surf prevented his landing troops. The 16th, the squadron proceeded to Petit Goave, where the inhabitants were also under arms, and gave the messenger for answer, that they should do as the inhabitants of Leogane had done: and to the reply of the messenger that M. Gabaret would commence hostilities, they answered, they were ready. Dauphine, their leader, said he had 600 men upon whom he could rely, and more would come to him from Leogane.

Upon the 18th, the town was attacked, and several houses burnt, but the troops embarked again at night. The squadron proceeded to Nippes and Rochelois; but, meeting with the same reception, M. de Gabaret returned to Tortuga. At Port de Paix and Port François the inhabitants made no resistance, but took the oath of fidelity as was required.

M. de Gabaret proceeded to France-proposing to bring the other districts to submission by blockading their ports and destroying their commerce.

D'Ogeron, with Renou, returned to the Cul de Sac. The inhabitants, expecting their trade to be destroyed by ships of war, were disposed to submit, upon condition of forgiveness for the past, and permission being given for any vessels from France to trade with them; and for this liberty they consented such vessels should pay the Company five per cent. for entry and for clearance. By the end of April, tranquillity was restored. D'Ogeron, however, contrived, in the night, to seize Limousin, the most active rebel, whom he hung without any molestation, and then returned to Tortuga.

Charlevoix, tom. iii. pp. 121, 122, 123, 124. 126.

The island of St. Thomas was colonized by the Danes. Before this it had been the refuge of some English vagabonds, who had begun to clear the ground.

1672.

Extracts from the "Declaration de Guerre de Charles le Second, Roy d'Angleterre, contre les Provinces-Unies. Fait au mois de Mars, 1672:

"Aux Indes Occidentales ils ont passé plus avant; Car, par un article du même Traité (of Breda), nous estions obligés de leur restituer Surinam; et par d'autres articles de la même paix, ils estoient obligés de permettre à nos sujets de cette colonie de se transporter avec leurs effets en quelques autres de nos peuplades. En vertu de ce Traité, nous leurs livrames ce lieu là, et nonobstant ils y retindrent tous nos sujets et arresterent prisonnier notre Major Banister, parce qu'il demandoit permission de les faire passer ailleurs, conformement au Traité.

"Nostre ambassadeur se plaignant de cette injustice reçut enfin, apres deux ans de sollicitation, un ordre pour l'execution de ces articles; mais y ayant envoyé des commissaires et deux vaisseaux pour le transport de nos sujets, les Hollandois, selon ce qu'ils avoient auparavant pratique pendant plus de quarante ans en l'affaire de Pouleron, y envoyerent, en secret, un ordre contraire à celui qu'ils nous avoient donné publiquement; de sorte que le voyage de nos commissaires en ce lieu là ne servit qu'a en transporter quelques uns des plus pauvres de nos sujets, et a en raporter les prières ardentes que faisoient les plus riches et les plus considerables pour sortir de cette servitude: Apres quoi nous en fimes nos plaintes au mois d'Août dernier, par les lettres que nous en ecrivimes aux Etats Generaux par lesquelles nous demandions qu'on envoyast ordre à leurs governeurs en ce pais là pour l'observation de ces articles; mais jusques ici, nous n'avons pu en recevoir un seul mot de response ni de satisfaction." The Dutch, in their answer to this declaration, say "As to the English planters in Surinam, they themselves were not willing to forsake their effects and subsistence, and therefore staid there behind upon their own choice."

By Stat. 25 Car. II. c. 7. " If any ship or vessel shall come to any of his Majesty's plantations to ship any sugars, tobacco, &c., and bond shall not be first given to bring the same to England, there shall be answered to the King several duties before lading

Reynal, tom. iv. p. 273.
Edwards, vol. iii. C. 4. B. 1.

Du Mont, tom. vii. partie 1. p. 162.
Jacob's Law Dict. Plantations.

thereof, and under such penalties as for nonpayment or defrauding the King of his customs in England."

Upon the 6th of April, Louis the Fourteenth, King of France, declared war against the Dutch.

"Dr. Blome writes that horned cattle were so numerous (in Jamaica), that although there had been every year so many killed, yet their number seemed not much to be lessened." There were also great numbers of wild hogs.

King Charles, by a new commission, appointed Lord Willoughby governor of Barbadoes, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, and Dominica; and Sir William Stapleton, governor of the other leeward islands: and this separation has always subsisted since.

Mr. Chillingworth arrived at Providence as governor, the first which government had sent out to that island. The inhabitants were the outcasts of society, and so ungovernable, that in attempting to reclaim them, Mr. Chillingworth was in a tumultuous manner shipped off and sent to Jamaica.

The African Company having surrendered their Charter to the crown, a fourth Company was incorporated, with the title of Royal African Company: their capital, £111,000, was raised by subscription in nine months. The King and Duke of York were among the subscribers.

There were in St. Christopher's

Nevis

Montserrat

Antigua
Anguilla

Men able to bear Arms. Negroes.

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1673.

Fort James, in the island of Jamaica, was built.

Sir Thomas Lynch, the governor of Jamaica, reported to the Secretary of State, that the population of the island amounted to 7768 Whites, 800 seamen in privateers, and 9504 Negroes and sent him a present of a pot of sugar, with its history. It would seem, from this, that the cultivation of sugar was now but just entered upon: the chief productions of the island were cacao, indigo, and hides.

In May, Sir Thomas Lynch called an assembly, to consist of two persons for each parish. After sitting a few days, he dissolved

Du Mont, tom. vii. partie 1. p.164.

Long's Jamaica, vol. ii. p. 36.—vol. i. p. 376. -vol. iii. p. 295. B. Edwards, vol. i. pp. 411.201.-vol. ii. p. 53.-vol. iii. p. 335. Harris's Voyages, vol. ii. p. 284. Report of the Lords of the Committee, 1789. Supplement, No. 15.

Univ. Hist. vol. xxxvi. pp. 287.

it, because the members refused to grant money for the fortifications.

Sir Tobias Bridges took the island of Tobago from the Dutch, and brought away 400 prisoners, and as many Negroes.

War being declared between Spain and France, D'Ogeron, in St. Domingo, sent one colony to Cape Tiburon, and another to the peninsula of Samana. The first of these the Spaniards attacked and destroyed, and so completely harassed the other, that they returned to Tortuga.

Upon the 19th of October, Louis the Fourteenth, King of France, declared war against the Spaniards.

The French under M. de Baas, in consequence of being informed that the Dutch garrison at Curaçao were few in number, determined to attack that island. Orders were sent to M. d'Ogeron, the governor of Tortuga, and the west coast of Española, to join the expedition at Santa Cruz, with all the buccaneers he could muster; he accordingly collected 400 picked men, and embarked them on board two vessels. One of them, La Petite Infante, commanded by M. du Bonneau, arrived at the rendezvous at Santa Cruz in time; but M. d'Ogeron, in L'Ecueil, with 300 men, was shipwrecked upon some shoals north of Puerto Rico.

De Baas, after waiting five days for D'Ogeron, sailed the 8th of March for Curaçoa, where he anchored the 14th, in full expectation of making an easy conquest of the island. Part of the troops were landed, without opposition, in St. Barbe's Bay; and the next day, the 15th, the whole, with De Baas, were landed: he, with the Chevalier St. Laurent, proceeded to reconnoitre the fort, and soon found it was so much stronger than he expected, that he reembarked without attempting any thing, and returned to Tortuga, where finding M. d'Ogeron was missing, he appointed La Perriere to command that island in his place.

D'Ogeron, with his crew, with difficulty got to Puerto Rico; and from St. Hilaire de la Ressive, twelve leagues east of the city of S. Juan, sent Lieutenant Pouancy to demand assistance from the governor; but the Spaniard, supposing it was their intention to have plundered the island, as they had done before, detained the messengers, and sent orders to have the French encamped, and carefully guarded.

D'Ogeron, with three men, contrived to steal an open boat -watching their opportunity, and murdering, with a hatchet, the two men who belonged to her the one a Mulatto, the other a Spaniard; and, to conceal the fact, carried both their

Echard's Hist. of England, vol. iii. B. 1. C. 4.

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Charlevoix, tom. iii. pp. 143. 130. 132, 133. 136. Du Mont, tom. vii. partie 1. p. 245.

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