History of Chemistry: From 1850 to 1910G.P. Putnam's sons, 1910 |
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acid ALEXANDER WILLIAM WILLIAMSON alkaloids ammonia argon aromatic atmospheric atomic weights atoms of hydrogen Avogadro benzene Berzelius boiling-point Boyle's law Bunsen carbon atoms Casium chemical elements chemists chloride combination compounds condensation constant constitution contain crystalline cyclic compounds Dalton definite developed discovered discovery doctrine Dumas effect electric enantiomorph existence experimental fact formulæ gaseous gases Gay Lussac Gerhardt Giessen Graham heat helium History Hoff Hofmann hydrogen chloride hypothesis identical indicate investigation isomerism Kekulé known krypton laws of Boyle Liebig liquefied liquid matter Mendeléeff ment metals methods mineral molecular weight monatomic nature neon nitrogen observed obtained occur optically active organic chemistry osmotic pressure oxide oxygen periodic law phenomena phosphorus properties radicals radio-active radium reagents recognised relations salts sodium soluble solution solvent spectrum structure substances sulphur synthesis synthetically prepared tained temperature theory tion uranium valency vapour density velocity volume Wöhler xenon Ytterbium
Passatges populars
Pàgina 46 - Y is the compression ratio and y is the ratio of the specific heats at constant pressure and constant volume of the working fluid.
Pàgina 24 - The chemical atoms will always remain the chemical unit ; and for the specially chemical considerations we may always start from the constitution of atoms, and avail ourselves of the simplified expression thus obtained, that is to say, of the atomic hypothesis. We may, in fact, adopt the view of Dumas and of Faraday, that whether matter be atomic or not, thus much is certain, that granting it to be atomic, it would appear as it now does.
Pàgina 24 - More especially have we to consider the question, whether a further development of the atomic hypothesis promises to advance our knowledge of the mechanism of chemical phenomena. I have no hesitation in saying that, from a philosophical point of view, I do not believe in the actual existence of atoms, taking the word in its literal signification of indivisible particles of matter. I rather expect that we shall some day find, for what we now call atoms, a mathematico-mechanical explanation, which...
Pàgina 23 - The question whether atoms exist or not has but little significance from a chemical point of view : its discussion belongs rather to metaphysics. In chemistry we have only to decide whether the assumption of atoms is an hypothesis adapted to the explanation of chemical phenomena.
Pàgina 107 - But the periodic law, based as it is on the solid and wholesome ground of experimental research, has been evolved independently of any conception as to the nature of the elements ; it does not in the least originate in the idea of a unique matter ; and it has no historical connection with that relic of the torments of classical thought...
Pàgina 52 - He pointed out that in periodic functions the change from negative to positive value, or the reverse, can only take place by a passage through zero or through infinity; in the first case, the change is gradual, and in the second case it is sudden. The first case corresponds with the gradual change in electrical character with rising atomic weight in the separate series of the periodic system, and the second case corresponds with a passage from one series to the next. It therefore appears that the...