fig. 3). The number of genera hitherto described are 10, and of speecies 52. The specimen I now describe (see plate, figs. 2-3) seems to combine the characters of Serolis, Limulus, Agnostus, and Paradoxoides, with others peculiar to itself. It is enclosed in an ironstone nodule from Prior's Lee, in Shropshire, where the strata are far richer in organic remains, both animal and vegetable, than the Staffordshire coal basin, and it was from thence that Dr. Buckland's Limulus was derived. Some vegetable remains are visible on the exterior of the nodule. The accompanying figure is of the natural size. The lime, as in most calcareous fossils enclosed in ironstone, is in a crumbling powdery state, and is left white in the figure. The antennæ are very distinct, but the central anterior projection is not clearly defined, although, like the antennæ, it has a kind of tubercle at its base. The ribs or plates, with their lateral prolongations, are very evident; the two anterior being connected by a web into a kind of fin, which is readily distinguished from the prolongation of the shield observable in Limulus, Ogyges, and Paradoxoides. The surface of the specimen, from which the lime has crumbled away, is covered by minute crystals, and does not exhibit the tuberculated appearance of the surface of the Trilobites. The lateral projections are slightly grooved, and taper to a point. There is no appearance of eyes in either of the two specimens I have seen, unless the central projection is considered as such. The last of the elevated dorsal segments is remarkably prominent, and is quite distinct from the tail. The number of segments is six, extended laterally into as many ribs, terminated by a like number of legs, or more probably fin-rays or spines, for they exhibit no traces of a jointed structure.

Thus, in possessing antennæ it resembled the Serolis; it had a tail and lateral spines like the Asaphus and Limulus; its shape was that of Agnostus―i. e. extended laterally, not lengthwise; and it was devoid of eyes like Paradoxoides; which it also approached in the extended points of its shield. Judging from a note of Cuvier (Règne Animal, t. iv., p. 204), it closely resembles the description of the Paradoxoides of Rasoumowski.

The figure, (No. 4), is taken from an imperfect specimen of the shield of a crustaceous animal from the Dudley limestone. The spine or antenna is very distinct, but the other parts, having been much rubbed, are restored, as far as possible, from the cast. Its shape is that of a rounded oblong, arched and mammillated, and having an elevated margin; the whole surface, except the antennæ, is covered with the same minute tubercles that are observed on the

Trilobites. From these, however, it is distinguished by having an antenna; and it is only introduced here to turn the attention of the curious to the fact of the co-existence of undescribed crustacea with the Trilobites in the Dudley limestone. The writer instead of availing himself of the kind permission of Dr. Buckland to copy the plates in his Bridgewater Treatise, has referred to the several figures in that admirable work, which is doubtless in the possession of the readers of The Analyst. W.

REMARKABLE CURES EFFECTED BY GYMNASTICS.

BY JAMES CHIOSSO.

Ir is an opinion almost universally entertained, that gymnastic exercises are either useless or dangerous; but I feel convinced, from experience, that this arises from a want of knowledge of such exercises, or, as is also often the case, from the injudicious method of employing them. Thus, every accident which happens in schools of gymnastics is charged against the science, instead of against its instructors. It is not, however, my intention in this place to enlarge either upon the objects of gymnastics or to detail the most approved modes of employing it. At present I merely wish to establish, by the recital of a few cases, that gymnastics might frequently afford a ready means of cure where the most experienced of the faculty would be compelled to confess their inability to remove the disease.

CASE I.-A boy* of a lymphatic temperament, fourteen years of age, afflicted with palpitation and pains of the heart, was brought to me in April, 1833, to see whether my system of gymnastics could be of any benefit to him, he having been previously given up by the profession. The palpitation was so violent that he could neither rest nor sleep at night, he had lost his appetite, his left side was three-fourths of an inch higher than the right, and the left shoulder was somewhat more elevated than the right. This led me to suppose that the vertebral column must be affected also. I

* Lest the authenticity of these cases should be suspected, it may be as well to state that we can answer for the truth of the whole of the details recorded by our correspondent. Mr. Chiosso receives no remuneration for his services; that he is not one of the race of quacks now unfortunately so numerous, must, therefore, be apparent to our readers.—EDS.

VOL. VI.NO. XIX.

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therefore made a careful examination of the body, and found, as I had expected, that the fifth, sixth, and seventh vertebræ of the back were somewhat unnaturally out of the perpendicular. Being now in full possession of the case, I immediately began to apply a course of exercises, with a well-regulated diet, and without having recourse to any medicine whatever. At the expiration of three months, to my satisfaction, and still more to that of the boy himself and his parents, who had but little hopes of his recovery, he returned home perfectly cured. In two months more he went to school, to continue his education, which had been interrupted by his malady. I had the pleasure of seeing him in June last, perfectly well. He was then as well formed as any young man of his own age could be. CASE II.-On another occasion I was requested to see a boy of three years old, of a lymphatic temperament, who could not walk, or even stand. His parents were greatly distressed, for they had consulted the best doctors in the neighbourhood, but without benefit. I desired the mother to undress the child, and on examining him found that the complaint consisted in a slight prominence between the last dorsal and the first lumbar vertebra. The child experienced a little pain during the examination, and especially in the region of the above mentioned vertebræ. Upon the whole, I concluded that there was a touch of the rickets (rachitis), but I believe the bones were perfectly sound. I then planned out the system to be pursued for the malady, especially taking care to administer the requisite physical exercises. The anxious parents performed every thing recommended, and at the end of two months the child was able to walk without the least assistance; indeed, after the third month, namely, in September, 1834, he had so far recovered as, on seeing me coming, to run and meet me. He was henceforth perfectly well.

CASE III. This, also, is a case of no small importance. A young lady, about twenty years of age, who had been confined to a sofa four years, in consequence of a fall from a horse while residing in the neighbourhood of London, applied to me as a last resort, thinking that my gymnastics might, possibly, be of some service to her. This case was widely different from the others, and, I should say, much more difficult to cure. As no external injury was apparent, I began to examine her back, requesting her to let me know when I caused her any pain. I soon discovered that the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth dorsal vertebræ, and the first lumbar vertebra, were the seat of the complaint, as she could not bear the slightest touch on these parts without screaming. It thus became proba