OLLEGE LIBRARY E LIBRARY OF JAMES HAUGHTON WOODS NOTE. References of Grammar in this book are made to the 4th edition of Dr. Keilhorn's Sanskrit Grammar, 9th edition of Dr. Bhandarkar's Second Book, and 13th of his First Book of Sanskrit. GRAMMAR, IDIOM AND ETYMOLOGY. 1862. 1. What is meant by guna, vriddhi, and ji or sampra sûrana? Illustrate the answer by examples. 1. The change of *,, *, short or long, and of, to ¤, ail, ar and अल् respectively is called Guna. Ex : - इ - एति; नी- नयति; बुधू -बोधति; भू-भवति; सृ-सरति; तृ-तरति; कुप्-कल्पते The change of a, of,, short or long, and of to an,,, आर् and आल् respectively is called Vriddhi. Ex: - चंद्-अवादीत् ; जी-भजैषीत् ; नी-अनैषीत्; स्तु-स्तौति ; लू - अलावीत् ; कृ-अकार्षीत् ; कृ-अकारीत्. The change of, I, I, or (a) to 1, 3, , or () respectively is called Samprasarana Ex : - यज् - इष्ट; वप्-उप्त; ग्रड् गृहीत. 2. Write the following sentence in the Roman characters, putting a diacritical mark over the long vowels :— ग्रासादपि तदर्धे च कस्मान्नो दीयतेऽर्थिषु । इच्छानुरूपो विभवः कदा कस्य भविष्यति ॥ 2. Grâsâdapi tadardham cha kasmânno diyaterthishu, Ichchhânurûpo vibhavah kadâ kasya bhavishyati. 3. What are the rules for the gender of nouns which are founded on their terminations? 3. Nouns formed from verbs by the addition of the termination, those formed from and (and other roots assuming those forms) by the addition of the termination, also those formed from adj. by are Masculine. Those formed from verbs by the addition of अनि, ऊ, मि, नि, ति, ई, or, those formed from nouns or adj. by the addition of and those formed by the addition of fem. suffixes (from mas.) are Feminine. |