1844.] Architecture. others, but which had been found in the quotations of subsequent writers. For Thucydides, however, not only has less been done in this respect than was required in the case of a writer that has come down to us in a state almost as corrupt as Eschylus himself; but some modern editors have rejected, without reason, supplements furnished by Stobæus, Julius Pollux, and Suidas, which preceding scholars had already pointed out, and which Mr. Burges has fully confirmed. He then proceeds to produce some of the fruit of his own researches. 2. Mr. Cullimore read a letter from the Rev. Dr. Hincks, adverting to several points in Egyptian and scriptural chronology, of which the chief related to the age of King Mandouothph. This king is referred by Dr. Leemans to the first ages; by Champollion and Rosellini to the twenty-first dynasty; by Mr. Sharpe to the age of the Saïtes and Persians. Dr. Hincks observed: "I cannot find a single character in either of the inscriptions relating to King Mandouothph that was not in common use before the eighteenth dynasty, and this makes me very confident that he reigned then." In a subsequent letter he remarks: "I am quite satisfied of the antiquity of this King Mandouothph, or Monthothph, whose tablets are on the Cosseir road (Burton's Excerpta Hiero glyphica, pl. iii. and v.), as prior to the 3. A letter from Colonel Leake to the Secretary, with a corrected copy of the Greek inscription on the great stele at Xanthus, published in the fourth volume of the Society's Transactions, p. 257. This copy was transcribed by Mr. Fellows from the mould obtained by him during his late residence at Xahunts. ARCHITECTURE. NEW CHURCHES. Sept. 26. A new chapel of ease for the Fen-end parts of Walpole parish, which has been some time building, was consecrated by the Bishop of Norwich. It has neither steeple nor side-aisles, is built in the Norman style, and is 46 feet long by 25 wide, with a circular apse at the east end, and a small vestry adjoining the north side of the apse. The front is plain, consisting merely of a door, surrounded with a circular arch and zig-zag moulding, and two windows in the same style above, surmounted with a turret, in which two bells are hung under zig-zag arches. The roof, which is of very high pitch, is covered with scale tiling, and the ridge is covered with an open fleur-de-lis. Four small windows on each side of the chapel are divided by plain flat buttresses, and five spaces in the apse are similarly divided. The only attempt at ornament in this part of the chapel is the introduction of a series of heads and carvings, rudely executed, beneath the nave of the GENT. MAG. VOL. XXII, roof. The seatings, which fill the entire chapel, leaving only a small space up the centre, are all open, and terminated by a finial carved in oak by the hand of Mr. Moore, the rector, which consists generally of clustered leaves disposed somewhat like a trefoil. They are calculated for about 400 persons. The floor is composed of tiling with raised figures and inscriptions Vigilate et Orate- copied from some found in one of the Norfolk churches. Between this part of the chapel and the apse is a fine arch spanning nearly three parts of the entire breadth of the chapel. The pulpit is let into the wall on the north side of the chancel arch, and is of Caen stone. A small reading-desk of oak, well executed in open work of the Perpendicular style, stands below it. The roof is open, consisting of plain timber, with leg-beams resting on plain brackets. Immediately beneath the roof is a moulding painted in ribbons and gilt with stars, are eight and along its centre course verses of the "Te Deum," in Latin. The apse, or chancel, is very small3 Y being about 15 feet by 12. A stone altar. table, mounted on three steps, and surrounded at the upper edge by a kind of dog-tooth quatrefoil, is the most conspicuous object here. Four small windows of stained glass, containing figures of St. Katharine, St. Peter the Virgin, and another Saint, twinkle down on the floor of beautiful encaustic tiling, and lead the eye upwards to the roof, composed of four broad flat groinings, radiating from a central boss. On the south is a piscina on a twisted column, and on the north a credence table on a bracket. Two stone niches, intended for seats, face the entrance to the vestry on the north side. The expenses were limited to 1400 or 1500 pounds. To the enthusiastic feeling of the Rev. A. Moore, the rector, who kas himself worked as hard as any labourer, the principal credit is due; and the specimens of carving, both in wood and stone, which the chapel displays, will be lasting evidences of his skill and industry. Except in a few minor details, the building is pretty regular in its style; but the finials of the seats, the reading desk, and the altar-table, all remind us of other periods than that which the rest of the chapel furnishes. Mr. Buckle is the architect. Sept. 30. The Bishop of Salisbury consecrated Trinity Church, Dilton's Marsh, Westbury. The Bishop, in his sermon, referred to the enormous amount of schism in the parish (no less than twelve meetinghouses existing therein), which his Lordship acknowledged to have in great measure arisen from the neglect of the Church. The building is of Norman design, being cruciform, the eastern end circular, and with a low tower. The north doorway and font are very good; the pulpit elaborate; the seats are low, open, and of good design, but, by a strange mistake, adapted only for seats, the under part of the seat having been blocked up to make sitting the more convenient, whilst kneeling is rendered totally impossible! The windows in the chancel are of stained glass, representing the Incarnation, Crucifixion, and Resurrection of our Lord; they are the gift of Mrs. Phipps, of Leighton, who also presented the altar cloth. The windows in the transept are also of stained glass. The altar is a massive table of wood, supported on Norman pillars. Oct. 1. Horningsham Church, in the county of Dorset, was dedicated to the worship of Almighty God by the same diocesan. The sum collected at the of. fertory, being above 401. was given to the Diocesan Church Building Society, there being no collection for the church itself, which has been built at the sole expense of the Marchioness of Bath, through whose kind liberality one of the parish churches of Dorchester, All Saints, has received additional enrichment in the gift of the West Door. The Marquess of Bath, at present in his minority, and at Eton, presented in person at the altar rails the deed of endowment. The church was built under the direction of Mr. Wyatt, the diocesan architect, the architecture being of a date similar to the old church, i. e. of the 15th century. The seats are all of oak, and open, the chancel seats having very enriched ends. The font, altar, screens, and pulpit, are all of stone, the roof of open woodwork, with carved spandrils and corbels. The chancel windows are of painted glass, and appropriate texts are painted on various parts of the walls. Oct. 2. The church of Codford St. Mary, Wilts, was consecrated, having been nearly rebuilt. The old tower, and a portion of the south wall, belonged to the original structure. The south wall having fallen, in the course of 1843, whilst the rubbish was being removed from around the foundations, it was resolved to build an additional aisle. In carrying out this intention, it was found necessary to take down the old walls, and thus various fragments of carved stone, clearly indicating the age of the original Church, were brought to light. The date is supposed to have been about 1000. (See the "Memorials of Codford St. Mary," by Dr. Ingram, the President of Trinity College, Oxford, who is a native of the parish.)The additional aisle is built in the Decorated style, which pervades the entire building; Early-English windows are formed on the north side of the chancel, and the east window is Perpendicular. (If this account be correct, the parishioners have secured a very singular variety of architecture!) The east window of the Church is filled with stained glass of various allegorical and heraldic designs. It contains the coat of St. John's College, Oxford, patrons of the living, in the first light, the Queen's arms in the centre one, and those of the diocese in the third. The east window of the south aisle contains the arms of the Rector, and the south window nearest the door is a memorial window to Dr. Ingram's family, with the armorial bearings, and an inscription in diagonal lines. A beautiful tablet, designed by Mr. Wyatt, and according with the prevailing style of the church, commemorates the same family, and is placed over the south door. The fittings are chiefly of stained and varnished deal, with oak, as far as practicable. The sittings are open, and the altar and pulpit hang ings of crimson cloth, worked by some young ladies with suitable devices and emblems. There is a square niche in the north wall of the chancel, for receiving the elements prior to oblation. All Saints' Church, Liverpool, has passed into the hands of the Romanists, for 27001. It was only a church "so called "-having been merely licensed by the Bishop for the performance of Divine worship. Oct. 2. A Church at Welshpool, erected by subscription in honour of the coming of age of Lord Viscount Clive, was consecrated (in consequence of the illness of the venerable Bishop of St. Asaph,) by the Lord Bishop of Hereford. At the conclusion of the service a collection was made, which amounted to the sum of 2101. 78. 1d. There is room for 1000 persons in the Church, and one-half of the sittings are free. The sum of 60001. was subscribed for the building, but this, it appears, is not sufficient to pay the cost. On the 4th, the new Church at Chapel Lawn, in the parish of Clun, Salop, was consecrated by the same Bishop. Oct. 3. The consecration of the parish church at Newton Tony, Wilts, by the Bishop of Salisbury, took place. It is intended to accommodate more than 230 persons, and has been rebuilt on nearly the same site as the old one. It is a picturesque and chaste building, from the design of Mr. Wyatt. The new church at Wood-green, in the parish of Tottenham, was consecrated by the Lord Bishop of London. The hamlet contains a population of about 400, and the church affords accommodation for about half that number. It is of the Early-English style, and has been constructed under the superintendence of Messrs. Scott and Moffatt. It is entirely of stone, Kentish rag, dressed with Bromhill stone. The pulpit and font have been carved in Painswick stone, by Mr. Cox, of Oxford. The service for the Holy Communion has been made after the fashion of that lately presented to the church at Malta. The roof is open, and the seats are open also. Oct. 4. The old Church of St. Mary the Virgin, Marlborough, after having undergone substantial and judicious repair, was re-opened for divine service. The Lord Bishop of Salisbury, attended by a numerous body of the neighbouring Clergy, including the Ven. Archdeacon Macdonald, proceeded from the residence of the Vicar to the Church, where the Corporation of the borough and a large congregation (amongst whom were the Marquess of Ailesbury, with Lord and Lady E. Bruce), were awaiting their arrival. The fine old Norman door-way at the west end, which had been closed from time immemorial, was now thrown open, and the peals of the recently enlarged and full-toned organ welcomed the reverend body as they advanced to occupy the places appointed for them at and about the altar. The prayers were impressively read by the Vicar, the Rev. C. W. Edmonstone, and the Bishop delivered a powerful and appropriate discourse from Ps. xv. 1. At the Offertory a collection was made amounting to 801. 148. Oct. 7. The Bishop of Salisbury consecrated a new church at North Moor, in the parish of North Petherton, and preached the Consecration Sermon. Oct. 9. The new Church of Clifton Hampden, near Abingdon, was used for the first time for the performance of public worship. It stands on the site of the old church, and has been built at the sole expense of Henry Gibbs, esq. the lord of the manor of Clifton, from plans prepared by Messrs. Scott and Moffatt, of London. One of the south windows contains a painting of St. Michael, to whom the building is dedicated; and the chancel window, supplied by Mr. Willement, contains in the lower part three large compartments, in which are representations of the Baptism of Christ by St. John; the Crucifixion; and the Supper at Emmaus. The openings of the head are occupied by Angels in adoration. At the base of the window is the following inscription upon a scroll: "Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith." The pulpit, altar, and font, are of stone, from the chisel of Mr. Cox. Oct. 10. The consecration of the new church of the Holy Trinity at Halsted, Essex, which had been delayed owing to the fall of the tower, was performed by the Bishop of London, who was attended by eighty-nine clergymen. The Bishop preached an eloquent sermon, and the collection at the door amounted to 3817. Oct. 11. St. Paul's Church, Macclesfield Common (the first stone of which was laid on the 18th of April, 1843), was consecrated by the Lord Bishop of Chester. It is situated upon an elevated plot of land to the north of Brook-street, belonging to the trustees of the Macclesfield Grammar School, and is built of white stone, in the Perpendicular style. It has a tower at the west end, 71 feet in height, and this is surmounted by a spire rising 70 feet from the base to the apex, making the whole 141 feet in height. The Church consists of nave and side aisles, with clerestory, and its interior dimensions are about 120 feet by 50 feet. There are seats for about nine hundred persons, of which more than one-half are free and there is no other distinction between the free seats and those which are to be let, except that the latter are inclosed by doors and the former are open at the ends. The seats are finished with stall elbows and enriched finials, and there are twenty-two on each side the aisle. The altar screen, of dark-coloured wainscoting, is quite in keeping with the rest of the building, and the sedilia on each side of the chancel add much to the general effect. The communion table is covered with a crimson velvet cloth, the gift of a lady, and the communion service was presented by Edward Procter, esq. The reading-desk is a large open chair. with square back, and a cherub supporting the book-board. The pulpit is supported by a pedestal, and ornamented with roses and battlemented cornices. roof is open, finished with oak-coloured pannelling. The contract price for the building was 4,4857.; but the whole cost, including the levelling of the ground and the approaches, and the hot-water apparatus for heating the Church, will be little short of 5,000l. The architect is Mr. Hayley, of Manchester, and the builder Mr. John Evans, of Macclesfield. The Oct. 15. The new church at Cliftonpark, Bristol, was consecrated by the the Bishop of the diocese. It is designed in the Early-English style of architecture which prevailed in England between the years 1200 and 1250, as exemplified by parts of the cathedrals at York, Salisbury, Peterborough, Carlisle, and Durham. Accommodation is provided for upwards of 1,000 persons, including 347 free sittings. Oct. 16. The restorations and repairs in the chancel and chapels of the old Norman church of St. John the Baptist, Devizes, which have been in progress during the last year, are now completed, and the recommencement of divine service took place this day. Matin service was celebrated at eight o'clock, in the presence of a very numerous congregation. The Litany and Communion service at eleven was attended by the distant clergy and country residents, who flocked into the town in large numbers. The sermon was preached by the Rev. E. T. Phipps, Rector of Devizes, who dilated on the grievous mutilation that had been suffered to go on from generation to generation unheeded, till at last scarcely a vestige of the ancient Norman arcade and carved woodwork re. mained as a guide to restoration; this had been happily effected by the skill and intelligence of the architect (Mr. B. Ferrey), and he trusted that nothing had been introduced that had not the stamp and feeling of the original founders. Mr. Phipps advocated a full, earnest, and firm maintenance of the entire church system, as most calculated to give confidence to friends, and to paralyse the efforts of the sectarian and Romanist. During the reading of the Offertory five selected clergymen collected the alms, which amounted to 731. 78. 44d. After which nearly two hundred persons received the holy communion. ANTIQUARIAN RESEARCHES. CHURCH PAINTING AT TRURO. As Mr. W. Pearce, statuary, of Truro, was removing a portion of the plaster on the north side of St. Clement's Church, Cornwall, for the erection of a tablet, he came upon a rudely executed painting, but the colours well preserved, about 12ft. by 10ft. inclosed in a quatrefoil border. It is thus described in the Western Luminary: "The principal figure is recumbent, and he holds in his right hand a palm branch. By his side stands a female figure in royal ermined robe, and holding a globe and cross. Beneath is an antique ship, with quaint high forecastle and poop, and around it are sporting a number of mermaids and dolphins. In the upper part of the painting are some rude representations of churches, and at the open entrance of one of them is shown a man pulling a bell in the steeple, by means of a leverage something similar to that by which we see our smiths' bellows now worked. The whole painting exhibits a thorough disregard of proportion, grouping and perspective. It is conjectured that the design of the painting was to commemorate the return of Admiral Hawkins, of Trewithian, in the adjoining parish of Probus, one of the commanders of the English fleet which conquered the 'Invincible' Armada; with Queen Elizabeth welcoming him home, and his countrymen also testifying their joy at his return."-This is an amusing instance of the prevalent inclination in all localities to attach every thing to the best remembered persons and events in their history; and also a more uncommon example of an object of antiquity being post-dated instead of ante-dated. The painting was evidently the very prevalent subject of St. Christopher. The upper part of his figure alone seems to have been uncovered, and thus was mistaken to be recumbent. The supposed "female figure" was the infant Christ, holding as usual the orb and cross. dolphins and other aquatic accessories are also the conventional features of the subject, and its identity is finally confirmed by the hermit tolling his bell in the background. The MR. THOMAS'S COLLECTION OF COINS. The very fine collection of Coins and Medals belonging to the late Mr. Tho mas, lately sold by auction by Mr. Leigh Sotheby, comprised such a suite of Syracusan medallions, all in the highest condition, and executed at a time when numismatic art had attained its zenith, as have never before been brought to the hammer; a surprising accumulation of Cyricene staters in gold; a beautiful series of Asiatic coins in electrum; the Kings of the Bosphorus in gold and silver; coins of Alexander the Great; silver coins of the Seleucidae; a wonderful and most valuable series of the Ptolemies in gold; together with an immense assemblage of Roman gold coins in the finest state, ranging from the consular times down to the extinction of art under the Emperors of Byzantium. The following is a list of the prices of some of the most important articles :-Lot 17, gold coin of Campania, 417. 10s.; 223, Julius, 231. 108.; 239, an unique medal of Commodus, relating to Britain, 757.; silver medallion of Carthage, lot 381, 437.; medallions of Syracuse, 30l. to 351. each; 630, medallion of Hiero, 351.; 704, medallion of Annius Verus, 341.; 883, unique and unpublished coin of Alexander, in silver, 112.; 1003, didrachm of of Philippi, in gold, 301.; 1069, medal of Julia Titi, in gold, 471.; 1293, coin of Matidia, in brass, 427. 108.; 1373, drachm of Pyrrhus, in gold, 367.; 1420, gold coin of Thebes, 231. 108.; 1498, gold didrachm of Athens, 301. 10s.; 1500, silver medallion of Athens, 307.; 2129, stater of Clazomene, in gold, 677.; 2132, gold coin of Ephesus, 1011.; 2262, coin Smyrna, in silver, 387.; 2304, Septimus Severus, in brass, 211.; 2405, Nicocles, in gold, 717.; 2431, gold didrachm of Antiochus, 601.; 2474, Maximus, in gold, 381.; 2548, tetradrachm of Demetrius and Laodice, in silver, 401. 10s. ; 2855, gold coin of Berenice, with unique symbol, 1657.; 2854, Ptolemy IV. in gold, 1757. &o. The competition throughout was most spirited. The sum realised by the sale is nearly 17,000l. and we are happy to find that many of the rarer and more interesting treasures have passed into the collection of our National Museum. SAXON CHURCHES. Some members of the Cambridge Camden Society, who have been touring through the north and east of Lincolnshire, have sent reports to their society of the discovery of seven Saxon towers, St. Martin's, Waith; St. Giles, Scartho; St. Mary's, Clee, Holy Trinity, Swallow, St. Nicholas, Caburn; St. Mary's, Rothwell; and St. John's, Nettleton. These parishes lie near the high road between Louth and Grimsby. They state that the fouls at Waith, Scartho, Holton, Caburn, and Clee, are apparently all as old as the towers. They are rude cylindrical stones with some coarse sculptured ornament round the top. The tower at Rothwell is, perhaps, the most complete example of this style. The belfry windows all remain in their original condition. The masonry is very rough sandstone, with large quoins. All the towers are of two stages, and have neither pilasters nor staircase. They also state that the condition of the Lincolnshire churches in the Wolds, and especially near Spilsby, is most deplorable. The state of dilapidation, neglect, and utter desecration into which they have been suffered to fall must be seen to be credited. Many of them are brick rooms in the Pagan style, rebuilt in the last century; some are quite modern, literally of no style at all. The pa rishes of Raithby, East Keal, Hundleby, Great and Little Steeping, Firsby, Irby, Gunby, Langton, Ashby, Scremby, and Aswardby, may be quoted as verifying their remarks; and the fact is noticed by them in the hope that the authorities will look into the matter. Stone Coffins.-On clearing away some earth from an old barn-yard, connected with the farm of Broom Park, in the neighbourhood of Mid-Calder, a great number of stone coffins were found a few feet below the surface of the ground. On removing the lids the bodies were found in good preservation, the principal bones They appear to being perfectly entire. have been placed in their coffins without any kind of covering, as no habiliments of any kind, or anything to indicate their rank, condition, or occupstion in life, could be discovered. The coffins consist of slabs of stones got from the river, rudely put together and constructed on the spot. |