NOTICE. THE principles on which this translation is based are explained in the general Preface to the commentary on the Galatians: the English Versions with which it is compared, and the editions which have been used, are the same as those used in the Translation of the former Epistle. I have made a few references to a recent translation by Dr. Turnbull, which only came into my hands a short time since, but I have not been able to study it sufficiently to express a definite opinion upon its merits or peculiarities. It appears carefully executed, but I have observed what seem to me questionable, if not erroneous, translations. THE EPISTLE TO THE EPHESIANS. CHAPTER I. 1. PAUL, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, to the saints which are at Ephesus, and to the faithful in Christ Jesus: 2 grace be to you, and peace, from God our Father and from the Lord Jesus Christ. 3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who blessed us with all blessings of the Spirit in the heavenly regions in Christ: 4 inasmuch as He chose us in Him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before Him; having in love pre I. Christ Jesus] Jesus Christ,' Auth. The 3. Blessed us] Hath blessed us,' Auth. and all Vv. The aorist here ought certainly to be maintained in translation, as the allusion is to the past act of the Redemption. idiom of our language frequently interferes with the regular application of the rule, but it is still no less certain that the English præterite is the nearest equivalent of the Greek aor., see Latham, Engl. Lang. § 360, 361, and compare Scholef. Hints (Pref.), p. xi. It is possible that there are cases when the English present, owing to its expressing an habitual action (Latham, § 573), might seem to correspond to the Greek aor., but as the iterative force of the latter tense, even if admitted (see notes on Gal. v. 24), seems radically to differ from that of the Engl. pres. (the one expressing indefinite recurrence in the past, see Jelf, Gr. § 402. I, the other indef. re 5 currence in the present), it will seem 4. Inasmuch as] 'According as,' Auth., Tynd., Cov., Cran., Gen.; 'as,' Wicl., Cov. (Test.), Rhem. Chose] So Rhem.; hath chosen,' Auth. Wicl., Coverd. (Test.), Bish.; 'had chosen,' Tynd., Cran., Gen. Blameless] Without blame,' Auth., Tynd., Cov., Cran., Gen., Bish.; 'without wemme,' Wicl. ; 'unspotted,' Cov. (Test.); 'immaculate,' Rhem. The slight change has been made for the sake of retaining the same translation both here and ch. v. 27. On the distinction between duwμos ('in quo nihil est quod reprehendas') and ἄμεμπτος (‘in quo nihil desiderari potest'), see Tittm. Synon. p. 29. 5. Having in love, &c.] Auth, and 9 destinated us for adoption through Jesus Christ into Him, according to the good pleasure of His will, to the praise of the glory of His grace, wherein He bestowed grace on us in the Beloved; 7 in whom we are having redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of our transgressions, according to the riches of His grace, 8 which He made to abound towards us in all wisdom and discernment ; 9 having made known unto us the mystery of His will, according to the good pleasure which He purposed in Himself, reference to the dispensation of the fulness of times, to gather up again together all things in Christ, the things that are in heaven and the things that are on earth, even in Him; practice than the context will admit; all other Vv. connect with the pre- the adoption of children,' Auth., sim. notes. 6. Bestowed grace on us] 'Hath made us accepted,' Auth. and all Vv. except Wicl., hath glorified us,' Rhem., hath gratified us.' 7. We are having] Auth. and all Vv., we have.' Our transgressions] 'Sins,' Auth. and all Vv. 8. Which He made to abound] 'Hath abounded,' Auth.; 'he shed on us aboundantly,' Tynd., sim. Cov.; 'He hath ministered unto us abundantly,' Cran.; 'He hath been abundant towarde us,' Bish.; He abounded toward us,' Gen. Discernment] 'Prudence,' Auth., Wicl., Cov. (both), Cran., Rhem.; 'perceavaunce,' Tynd. ; ' understanding,' Gen., Bish. The transl. 'prudence' appears to give the word a more decided reference to 10 in understanding,' on the other hand, is too abstract, and fails to recognize the distinction between σúveσis and opóvnois. Perhaps the transl. in the text, or 'intelligence,' as indicating an application and exercise of the opǹv and a result of (spiritual) σopía (comp. I Cor. ii. 13), approaches more nearly to the true meaning of the word in this passage. 9. The] His,' Auth. Purposed] So Wicl., Tynd., Cov. (Test.), Rhem.; 'hath purposed,' Auth.; 'had purp.,' Cov., Cran., Bish. IO. In reference to] 'That in,' Auth., sim. Gen., Bish.; 'to have it declared when the tyme were full come,' Tynd., Cran., sim. Cov.; 'in the dispens.,' Cov. (Test.), Rhem. To gather up again together] So Gen., 'both which are in heaven and which 11 in whom we were also chosen as His inheritance, being predestinated according to the purpose of Him who worketh all things after the counsel of His will; 12 that we should be to the praise of His glory, inasmuch as we have before hoped in Christ : 13 in whom ye too having heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation,-in whom, I say, having also believed, ye were sealed with the holy Spirit of promise, 14 which is the earnest of our inheritance, for the redemption of the purchased possession, unto the praise of His glory. 15 On this account I also, having heard of the faith which is among you in the Lord Jesus, and the love which ye have unto all the saints, cease not to give thanks for you, making mention of you in my prayers; 17 that the God of 16 II. We were also, &c.] Also we have obtained an,' Auth.; " we ben clepid bi sorte,' Wicl., sim. Cov. (Test.), Rhem.; 'we are made heyres,' Tynd., sim. Cran.; 'by whom also we are come to the inheritaunce,' Cov.; 'in whom also we are chosen,' Gen., Bish. His will] So Wicl., Rhem.; His own will,' Auth. and remaining Vv. 12. Inasmuch as, &c.] 'Who first trusted,' Auth., sim. Gen., Bish.; 'that had hoped befor,' Wicl.; 6 even we whyche afore have hoped,' Cov. (Test.), sim. Rhem.; we which before believed,' Tynd., Cran. Two things seem passed over in the Auth., the causal or argumentative force of the participle 'quippe qui, &c.,' and the force of the perf. part. The latter can be maintained by the insertion of 'have,' as Cov., Rhem.; the English perfect expresses the past in connection, by its effects or consequences, with the present; see Latham, Engl. Lang. § 579 (ed. 3). 13. Ye too having, &c.] 'Ye also trusted after that, &c.,' Auth., sim. Gen., Bish. 'on whom also ye beleved after that,' Coverd., similarly Cov. (Test.); 'we also believe forasmoch as we have,' Cran.; 'in whom ye also (after that, &c., wherein ye beleved) were sealed,' Tynd. I say, having, &c.] Also after that 15. On this account, &c.] 'Where- 17. Would give] 'May give,' Auth., Cov. (both), Cran.; 'myght our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, would give unto you the Spirit of wisdom and revelation in full knowledge of Him; 18 having the eyes of your heart enlightened, that ye may know what is the hope of His calling, and what the riches of the glory of His inheritance are among the saints, 19 and what the surpassing greatness of His power is to usward who believe, according to the working of the power of His might, 20 which He wrought in Christ, when He raised Him from the dead, and He set Him on His right hand in the heavenly regions, 21 over above all Principality, and Power, and Might, and Dominion, and indeed every name that is named not only in this world, but also in that which is to come; 22 and put all things under His feet, and gave HIM, Head over all things, as Head to the church, geve,' Tynd., Gen., Bish. Change 18. Having the eyes, &c.] The eyes of your* understanding being enlightened,' Auth.; and lighten the eyes of youre myndes,' Tynd., Cran., Gen., sim. Cov.; 'the eyes of youre harte beynge lyghtened,' Cov. (Test.); 'the eies of your hart illuminated,' Rhem. Are among] 'In,' Auth., Wicl., Cov. (Test.), Gen., Bish., Rhem.; apon,' Tynd., Cov., Cran. It may be observed that Tynd., Cov., Cran., Bish., similarly insert the verb immediately before the prep., showing that they did not consider ἐν τοῖς ἁγίοις as merely appended to κληρονομ. αὐτοῦ: see notes. 19. What] What is,' Auth., Tynd., Cov., Cran., Gen., Bish.; 'whyche is,' Wicl., Rhem. Surpassing] 'Excellent,' Wicl., 'pass- Оп ; 20. And He set]' And set,' Auth. the change in the original from the participial structure to that of the aor. indic. is thus obscured. His right hand] So Tynd., Cov., Cran., Rhem., sim. Wicl.; 'at His own right hand,' Auth.; so Cov. (Test.), Gen., Bish.; but omit 'own.' Heavenly regions] 'Heavenly places,' Auth., Gen., Bish. ; 'heavenli thingis,' Wicl., Tynd., Cov. (both), Cran.; 'celestials,' Rhem. 21. Over above] Far above,' Auth., Gen., Bish.; 'above,' Wicl. and remaining Vv. And in |