PEDIGREE OF THE PURE AYRSHIRE BULL, LIONEL. Bred by Mr. Thomas L. Peate, The Grange, Newmarket, Brisbane. Dam-Lovely, by Jock of Oakbank. gd Lovely Jane, by Young Templeton. ggd Lady, by Brogden. gggd Jean, by Tapui. Prince, by Baron Renfrew; dam, Lovely Jane (as above). Baron Renfrew, by Teviot; dam, Fancy 1st of Bogside (imported); was bred by Mr. John Caldwell, of Bogside, Ayrshire, Scotland, and gained first prize at Dundonald Show, 1881; 1st at Kilmarnock, 1881; 1st at Irvine, 1881; ist in Dundonald Derby of 39 entries, 1882; and 1st for 3-year-old cow in milk at Dundonald, 1882. Baron Renfrew took 1st prize in Oamaru, 1885; 1st at Dunedin, 1885 and 1886; 1st at Victoria National Agricultural Society's Show, 1887; and 1st and Champion, Sydney, 1890 and 1891. Teviot, by Baron 2nd of Drumlanrig (imported); dam, Queen of the West (imported). Lovely was 2nd to same owner's Fancy at Brisbane, 1894, and 2nd to Messrs. Archer Brothers' Tibby, of Waitate, at Rockhampton, 1895, where she won the special milking prize of £3, and also a £1 1s. sweepstakes prize for the best milch cow, tested by the Babcock tester; Tibby, of Waitate, who beat her in the Ayrshire cow class, being 3rd in each instance. At the 1896 show, same place, she won the milking prize with a record of 36 lb. milk for the one day's milking, and tied Messrs. Archer Brothers' Cherry for the butter prize with 1673 oz. butter from the day's milk. Jock of Oakbank, by Southern Chief; dam, Dinah, by Dunlop. Southern Chief, by Baron 2nd of Drumlanrig (imported); dam, Queen (imported). Dinah won 1st prize at Heidleberg in 1879-81-82; the National Agricultural Society's 1st prize (Victoria); the International Exhibition Medal, and Messrs. Briscoe and Co.'s silver plate for the best male or female Ayrshire in the yard at the National Agricultural Society's Exhibition, Melbourne, 1580; 1st at West Bourke, 1881; 1st at Ballarat Grand National, 1881 and 1882; and 1st at National Agricultural Society's Show at Melbourne in 1881. also Dunlop, by Tam o' Shanter; dam, Lady of the Lake; took 1st prize, Sydney, 1879; 1st, Sydney Grand International, 1879; 1st at Kiama, 1881; 1st for best dairy bull, and 1st for the best bull in the yard; 1st at Moss Vale, 1882; 1st at Camden, 1883; and 1st at Sydney, 1883. Lovely Jane took 1st prize, Sydney, 1885; 1st and Champion, Sydney, 1887; 1st and £10, Centennial Champion, Sydney, 1888; V.H.C., Melbourne, 1888, over four months calved; special 1st and champion, Sydney, 1889; and special 1st in dry cow class, Sydney, 1896; and beaten by same owner's Edith by two points only, Edith being in full milk and Lovely Jane dry. It will be seen that Lionel has two crosses of the justly celebrated cow Lovely Jane, by bulls of the very highest class; the sire Prince being by Baron Renfrew, whose dam, Fancy 1st of Bogside, was said to be the best cow that ever left Scotland-she died from milk fever in New Zealand; while the sire of the dam, Jock of Oakbank, traces back through such high-class cows as Dinah and Katie to Annie (imported). Lionel took 1st prize in his class and Reserve Champion at Brisbane, 1895; 1st in his class, and 1st for the best bull and two of his progeny, at Brisbane, 1896; 1st prize and Reserve Champion, Brisbane, 1897; being beaten for champion by Young Prince, bred at St. Helena. THE DAIRY HERD. QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE. RETURNS FROM 1ST SEPTEMBER TO 30TH SEPTEMBER, 1899. 23 April THE DAIRY HERD-continued. RETURNS FROM 1ST SEPTEMBER TO 30TH SEPTEMBER, 1899-continued. NOTE-The cows during the last fortnight of the period covered by the foregoing report have not been hand-fed. They graze in the railway paddock during the day and home paddock at night. The Horse. STABLE NOTES. BY W. C. QUINNELL, M.R.C.V.S. DISEASES OF HORSES. INFLUENZA. Causes. This disease appears in all climes and at all periods of the year, but is more prevalent in the spring and autumn. It attacks animals of all ages, breeds, and sex. Animals are predisposed to the disease by bad sanitary conditions, viz. :Overcrowded stables and defective ventilation, insufficient supply of nutritious food; and to these and many other causes may be added the presence of the active agent-the specific organic poison-given off in the breath, &c., of already affected animals, which, when inhaled into the lungs or lodged on the mucous membrane of other horses, whose health is impaired, makes them, under these circumstances, suitable subjects to be attacked. VARIETIES OF INFLUENZA. 1. The usual simple catarrhal form. 2. Complicated forms are: (a) Thoracic. (b) Abdominal. (c) Rheumatic. GENERAL SYMPTOMS OF INFLUENZA. Great prostration, with catarrhal inflammation of the respiratory and sometimes of the other mucous membranes, accompanied with fever, characterise all the varieties of influenza. SYMPTOMS OF THE UNCOMPLICATED CATARRHAL FORM. In the majority of cases the constitutional disturbance is slightly marked. The legs and ears are usually cold, and there may be, occasionally, a short irritable cough and sneezing. The throat is sometimes swollen, and tender to the touch. On taking the pulse, we find it feeble and frequent, and the thermometer indicates a variable elevation of temperature. These symptoms may remain much the same for two or three days; more often, however, they are followed by others of a more urgent nature. The temperature may rise to 105 or 106 degrees; the pulse may reach 60 to 80 beats to the minute, and the respirations become accelerated. The other symptoms also increase in severity: the cough becomes deeper and deeper, and more laboured, the throat swells considerably, and is very sore-so much so, that there is much difficulty in swallowing, and the horse refuses all food. The debility and prostration become more intense, and there is a marked thirst. The mucous membrane lining the nasal chambers at first dry become moistened, and there is a discharge of mucous. The bowels are sluggish, the fœces pale and scanty, the surface of the dung pellets is glazed, and, perhaps, coated with mucous. The urine is scanty and high-coloured, and often contains albumen. Simple Catarrhal Influenza is often ushered in, and accompanied by running at the eyes, swelling of the eyelids and of the legs, and under the belly, and other symptoms denoting extreme debility. Even in the very early stage, the animal may be so reduced in strength as to require assistance to remove him into a loose box. The indications to a favourable progress are marked by the symptoms gradually abating. The nasal discharge increases in amount, becoming thicker and purulent. The cough is moister and less frequent, and the temperature falls gradually; the urine being discharged more frequently, and in greater quantities, and not so highly coloured; and by the dung becoming of a proper consistency and soft, instead of being voided in hard, mucous-covered pellets. Convalescence is established in about 14 days from the onset of the fever. When a case is going to terminate fatally, the general symptoms become more intense and complications set in, due to various other derangements. The membrane of the nostrils may become mulberry red, and in very bad cases the discharge may be streaked with blood. The pulse will be found to falter and sink, and, as a finale, cold sweats will break out. Death, as a rule, occurs about the sixth or seventh day, but it may be protracted to about the twelfth day. Treatment. The treatment of horses suffering from influenza must necessarily vary very much. In early stages, with care and nursing, the threatened attack may probably pass off in a few days. General Treatment.-Isolate patient and use disinfectants. Promptly remove sick animal to a comfortable loose box with a temperature of 60 to 65 degrees Fahr., and proper attention paid to ventilation; plenty of pure air.. Rugs, hood, and bandages to legs. Regulate superficial temperature. Maintain bowels in regular state with enemata, linseed mashes, and, if need be, with occasional laxatives. Febrile symptoms, combated with small doses of liquor ammon., acetatis, epsom salts, nitre. Restrict to mash diet, with a little green food; but when febrile symptoms abate, give digestible, concentrated, nutritive food. Catarrhal Symptoms.-Treated by steaming heat, medicated inhalations or sprays. Hot fomentations, stimulating embrocations to throat. In cases where there is debility or prostration, the strength should be supported at once by the administration of stimulants, such as carbonate of ammonia, and camphor, and ginger, with ale and porter, nutritive gruels, &c. Where there is marked thirst, the animal should be frequently supplied with small quantities of fresh water containing salines, such as nitrate or chlorate of potash. Before treating on the Complicated Forms of Influenza, we may mention a special form of catarrhal influenza, which has been treated of late years, termed "Pink Eye." By some persons it has been regarded as a distinct disease; but it is, in all probability, only a modified form of simple influenza. This malady is manifested by symptoms of a peculiarly marked nature. The conjunctival membrane (the membrane covering the eye) is of peculiar pinkish colour, and this is accompanied by a swollen state of the conjunctive. The constitutional symptoms are very severe, and the temperature may rise to 105 or 106, or even 107 degrees. Sometimes severe pneumonic symptoms develop, when large portions of one or both lungs become implicated. Violent diarrhoea, colicky pains, and other enteric symptoms may also supervene. In some cases there is partial or total loss of power in the hindquarters. When occurring in strong horses, Pink Eye is usually a mild affection, but, when attacking animals in a low condition, it is more serious. The more the internal organs (as the lungs, the intestines, and heart) are involved so much more dangerous is the malady. It may be mentioned that in this particular form of influenza there is a remarkable tendency towards the formation of fibrinous clots (thrombi) in the cavities of the heart and in the larger arteries, especially in the pulmonary (lung) system. From this disposition to the formation of thrombi are attributed to account for the occasional sudden termination of the disease by death, which frequently occurs in a marked and unexpected manner. The treatment of Pink Eye, like other forms of influenza, must consist primarily in good nursing, a comfortable, cool, well-ventilated horse-box, warm clothing, and such dietetic and general treatment as has been already given. A CURE FOR GREASY HEELS. A CORRESPONDENT of the National Stockman gives his experiences of greasy heels in horses. He writes: "During the winter of 1879 and 1880 I had occasion to use four horses constantly on the road. They soon had the scratches. I tried all the usual simple remedies-such as dish water, salt water, and copperas water-but without any effect, as I could not get to keep them in the stable long enough to do any good. The scratches soon took the worst form of greasy heels, with bleeding sores and ulcers, which in one case extended clear up the legs and over the belly. I was in despair. To take the teams off the road I could not afford, and to use them inthe condition they were in was cruel; but at that juncture I chanced at a neighbour's to pick up an old 'Farrier's Book,' as it was entitled, and saw therein the heading as above given. The conditions were:-Dissolve a box or ball of concentrated lye or potash in hot water, making as strong a solution as possible. Bottle this solution when cool, and use by diluting I wineglassful of the solution in 2 gallons of cold soft water, and bathe the affected parts thoroughly with the dilution. Apply with a rag or sponge for at least 15 minutes to each horse. Do this twice a day, morning and evening, and you may use the horse every day, and he will get well. I followed the instructions, and the results were really wonderful, and my horses were soon well. I have seen the legs of horses wiped perfectly dry immediately after applying the remedy, and within 10 minutes the legs would be in a profuse sweat." THE HACKNEY. A CARRIAGE-HORSE SIRE. THE accompanying figure shows an outline drawing of a stallion of the hackney type, such as has been used in this country for several years among reputable farmers. It will be seen that the hackney possesses all the desirable points of the typical carriage horse. He has a nicely shaped head; pleasant expression; naturally arched neck; powerful, sloping shoulders; wide chest; smoothly rounded |